English Dictionary
There are currently 8740 EnglishDictionary in this directory beginning with the letter R.
R
Ra- () A prefix, from the Latin re and ad combined, coming to us through the French and Italian. See Re-, and Ad-.
Rabbi (n.) Master; lord; teacher; -- a Jewish title of respect or honor for a teacher or doctor of the law.
Rabbinical (a.) Of or pertaining to the rabbins or rabbis, or pertaining to the opinions, learning, or language of the rabbins.
Rabbinist (n.) One among the Jews who adhered to the Talmud and the traditions of the rabbins, in opposition to the Karaites, who rejected the traditions.
Rabble (n.) An iron bar, with the end bent, used in stirring or skimming molten iron in the process of puddling.
Rabdology (n.) The method or art of performing arithmetical operations by means of Napier's bones. See Napier's bones.
Rabid (n.) Extreme, unreasonable, or fanatical in opinion; excessively zealous; as, a rabid socialist.
Racahout (n.) A preparation from acorns used by the Arabs as a substitute for chocolate, and also as a beverage for invalids.
Raccoon (n.) A North American nocturnal carnivore (Procyon lotor) allied to the bears, but much smaller, and having a long, full tail, banded with black and gray. Its body is gray, varied with black and white. Called also coon, and mapach.
Race (n.) A channel or guide along which a shuttle is driven back and forth, as in a loom, sewing machine, etc.
Race (n.) A strong or rapid current of water, or the channel or passage for such a current; a powerful current or heavy sea, sometimes produced by the meeting of two tides; as, the Portland Race; the Race of Alderney.
Race (n.) Hence: The act or process of running in competition; a contest of speed in any way, as in running, riding, driving, skating, rowing, sailing; in the plural, usually, a meeting for contests in the running of horses; as, he attended the races.
Race (n.) Peculiar flavor, taste, or strength, as of wine; that quality, or assemblage of qualities, which indicates origin or kind, as in wine; hence, characteristic flavor; smack.
Race (n.) The current of water that turns a water wheel, or the channel in which it flows; a mill race.
Race (n.) The descendants of a common ancestor; a family, tribe, people, or nation, believed or presumed to belong to the same stock; a lineage; a breed.
Race (v. i.) To run swiftly; to contend in a race; as, the animals raced over the ground; the ships raced from port to port.
Race (v. i.) To run too fast at times, as a marine engine or screw, when the screw is lifted out of water by the action of a heavy sea.
Raceme (n.) A flower cluster with an elongated axis and many one-flowered lateral pedicels, as in the currant and chokecherry.
Racemose (a.) Resembling a raceme; growing in the form of a raceme; as, (Bot.) racemose berries or flowers; (Anat.) the racemose glands, in which the ducts are branched and clustered like a raceme.
Rachialgia (n.) A painful affection of the spine; especially, Pott's disease; also, formerly, lead colic.
Rachitis (n.) Literally, inflammation of the spine, but commonly applied to the rickets. See Rickets.
Rack (a.) A bar with teeth on its face, or edge, to work with those of a wheel, pinion, or worm, which is to drive it or be driven by it.
Rack (a.) A frame fitted to a wagon for carrying hay, straw, or grain on the stalk, or other bulky loads.
Rack (a.) A frame on which articles are deposited for keeping or arranged for display; as, a clothes rack; a bottle rack, etc.
Rack (a.) A frame or device of various construction for holding, and preventing the waste of, hay, grain, etc., supplied to beasts.
Rack (a.) A piece or frame of wood, having several sheaves, through which the running rigging passes; -- called also rack block. Also, a frame to hold shot.
Rack (a.) An engine of torture, consisting of a large frame, upon which the body was gradually stretched until, sometimes, the joints were dislocated; -- formerly used judicially for extorting confessions from criminals or suspected persons.
Rack (a.) An instrument or frame used for stretching, extending, retaining, or displaying, something.
Rack (v. t.) To extend by the application of force; to stretch or strain; specifically, to stretch on the rack or wheel; to torture by an engine which strains the limbs and pulls the joints.
Rack (v. t.) To stretch or strain, in a figurative sense; hence, to harass, or oppress by extortion.
Rack (v.) To amble fast, causing a rocking or swaying motion of the body; to pace; -- said of a horse.
Rack-rent (n.) A rent of the full annual value of the tenement, or near it; an excessive or unreasonably high rent.
Racket (n.) A broad wooden shoe or patten for a man or horse, to enable him to step on marshy or soft ground.
Racket (n.) A variety of the game of tennis played with peculiar long-handled rackets; -- chiefly in the plural.
Racket-tail (n.) Any one of several species of humming birds of the genus Steganura, having two of the tail feathers very long and racket-shaped.
Racktail (n.) An arm attached to a swinging notched arc or rack, to let off the striking mechanism of a repeating clock.
Racy (superl.) Having a strong flavor indicating origin; of distinct characteristic taste; tasting of the soil; hence, fresh; rich.
Racy (superl.) Hence: Exciting to the mental taste by a strong or distinctive character of thought or language; peculiar and piquant; fresh and lively.
Raddle (n.) A long, flexible stick, rod, or branch, which is interwoven with others, between upright posts or stakes, in making a kind of hedge or fence.
Raddle (n.) An instrument consisting of a wooden bar, with a row of upright pegs set in it, used by domestic weavers to keep the warp of a proper width, and prevent tangling when it is wound upon the beam of the loom.
Radial (a.) Of or pertaining to a radius or ray; consisting of, or like, radii or rays; radiated; as, (Bot.) radial projections; (Zool.) radial vessels or canals; (Anat.) the radial artery.
Radiale (n.) The bone or cartilage of the carpus which articulates with the radius and corresponds to the scaphoid bone in man.
Radiancy (n.) The quality of being radiant; brilliancy; effulgence; vivid brightness; as, the radiance of the sun.
Radiant (a.) Especially, emitting or darting rays of light or heat; issuing in beams or rays; beaming with brightness; emitting a vivid light or splendor; as, the radiant sun.
Radiant (a.) Having a raylike appearance, as the large marginal flowers of certain umbelliferous plants; -- said also of the cluster which has such marginal flowers.
Radiant (n.) A straight line proceeding from a given point, or fixed pole, about which it is conceived to revolve.
Radiant (n.) The luminous point or object from which light emanates; also, a body radiating light brightly.
Radiant (n.) The point in the heavens at which the apparent paths of shooting stars meet, when traced backward, or whence they appear to radiate.
Radiata (n. pl.) An extensive artificial group of invertebrates, having all the parts arranged radially around the vertical axis of the body, and the various organs repeated symmetrically in each ray or spheromere.
Radiate (a.) Having in a capitulum large ray florets which are unlike the disk florets, as in the aster, daisy, etc.
Radiate (v. i.) To proceed in direct lines from a point or surface; to issue in rays, as light or heat.
Radiate-veined (a.) Having the principal veins radiating, or diverging, from the apex of the petiole; -- said of such leaves as those of the grapevine, most maples, and the castor-oil plant.
Radiated (a.) Formed of, or arranged like, rays or radii; having parts or markings diverging, like radii, from a common center or axis; as, a radiated structure; a radiated group of crystals.
Radiatiform (a.) Having the marginal florets enlarged and radiating but not ligulate, as in the capitula or heads of the cornflower.
Radiation (n.) The act of radiating, or the state of being radiated; emission and diffusion of rays of light; beamy brightness.
Radiation (n.) The shooting forth of anything from a point or surface, like the diverging rays of light; as, the radiation of heat.
Radiator (n.) That which radiates or emits rays, whether of light or heat; especially, that part of a heating apparatus from which the heat is radiated or diffused; as, a steam radiator.
Radical (a.) Of or pertaining to a radix or root; as, a radical quantity; a radical sign. See below.
Radical (a.) Proceeding from a rootlike stem, or one which does not rise above the ground; as, the radical leaves of the dandelion and the sidesaddle flower.
Radical (a.) Relating, or belonging, to the root, or ultimate source of derivation; as, a radical verbal form.
Radical (n.) A characteristic, essential, and fundamental constituent of any compound; hence, sometimes, an atom.
Radical (n.) One who advocates radical changes in government or social institutions, especially such changes as are intended to level class inequalities; -- opposed to conservative.
Radicalism (n.) The quality or state of being radical; specifically, the doctrines or principles of radicals in politics or social reform.
Radically (adv.) In a radical manner; at, or from, the origin or root; fundamentally; as, a scheme or system radically wrong or defective.
Radicant (a.) Taking root on, or above, the ground; rooting from the stem, as the trumpet creeper and the ivy.
Radicle (n.) The rudimentary stem of a plant which supports the cotyledons in the seed, and from which the root is developed downward; the stem of the embryo; the caulicle.
Radio- () A combining form indicating connection with, or relation to, a radius or ray; specifically (Anat.), with the radius of the forearm; as, radio-ulnar, radio-muscular, radio-carpal.
Radiograph (n.) A picture produced by the Rontgen rays upon a sensitive surface, photographic or fluorescent, especially a picture of opaque objects traversed by the rays.
Radiolaria (n. pl.) Order of rhizopods, usually having a siliceous skeleton, or shell, and sometimes radiating spicules. The pseudopodia project from the body like rays. It includes the polycystines. See Polycystina.
Radiomicrometer (n.) A very sensitive modification or application of the thermopile, used for indicating minute changes of radiant heat, or temperature.
Radiophone (n.) An apparatus for the production of sound by the action of luminous or thermal rays. It is essentially the same as the photophone.
Radish (n.) The pungent fleshy root of a well-known cruciferous plant (Raphanus sativus); also, the whole plant.
Radius (n.) A ray, or outer floret, of the capitulum of such plants as the sunflower and the daisy. See Ray, 2.
Radius (n.) A right line drawn or extending from the center of a circle to the periphery; the semidiameter of a circle or sphere.
Radius (n.) The preaxial bone of the forearm, or brachium, corresponding to the tibia of the hind limb. See Illust. of Artiodactyla.
Radius vector (n.) An ideal straight line joining the center of an attracting body with that of a body describing an orbit around it, as a line joining the sun and a planet or comet, or a planet and its satellite.
Radix (n.) A number or quantity which is arbitrarily made the fundamental number of any system; a base. Thus, 10 is the radix, or base, of the common system of logarithms, and also of the decimal system of numeration.
Radula (n.) The chitinous ribbon bearing the teeth of mollusks; -- called also lingual ribbon, and tongue. See Odontophore.
Raff (n.) The sweepings of society; the rabble; the mob; -- chiefly used in the compound or duplicate, riffraff.
Raffia (n.) A fibrous material used for tying plants, said to come from the leaves of a palm tree of the genus Raphia.
Raffinose (n.) A colorless crystalline slightly sweet substance obtained from the molasses of the sugar beet.
Raffle (v. t.) To dispose of by means of a raffle; -- often followed by off; as, to raffle off a horse.
Raffle (v.) A kind of lottery, in which several persons pay, in shares, the value of something put up as a stake, and then determine by chance (as by casting dice) which one of them shall become the sole possessor.
Raft (n.) A collection of logs, boards, pieces of timber, or the like, fastened together, either for their own collective conveyance on the water, or to serve as a support in conveying other things; a float.
Raft (n.) A collection of logs, fallen trees, etc. (such as is formed in some Western rivers of the United States), which obstructs navigation.
Raft (v. t.) To transport on a raft, or in the form of a raft; to make into a raft; as, to raft timber.
Rafter (n.) Originally, any rough and somewhat heavy piece of timber. Now, commonly, one of the timbers of a roof which are put on sloping, according to the inclination of the roof. See Illust. of Queen-post.
Rafter (v. t.) To plow so as to turn the grass side of each furrow upon an unplowed ridge; to ridge.
Rage (n.) The subject of eager desire; that which is sought after, or prosecuted, with unreasonable or excessive passion; as, to be all the rage.
Rage (n.) To be furious with anger; to be exasperated to fury; to be violently agitated with passion.
Rage (n.) To be violent and tumultuous; to be violently driven or agitated; to act or move furiously; as, the raging sea or winds.
Rage (n.) To ravage; to prevail without restraint, or with destruction or fatal effect; as, the plague raged in Cairo.
Rage (n.) Violent excitement; eager passion; extreme vehemence of desire, emotion, or suffering, mastering the will.
Ragged (n.) Rent or worn into tatters, or till the texture is broken; as, a ragged coat; a ragged sail.
Ragguled (a.) Notched in regular diagonal breaks; -- said of a line, or a bearing having such an edge.
Ragman's roll () The rolls of deeds on parchment in which the Scottish nobility and gentry subscribed allegiance to Edward I. of England, A. D. 1296.
Ragweed (n.) A common American composite weed (Ambrosia artemisiaefolia) with finely divided leaves; hogweed.
Raiae (n. pl.) The order of elasmobranch fishes which includes the sawfishes, skates, and rays; -- called also Rajae, and Rajii.
Raid (n.) A hostile or predatory incursion; an inroad or incursion of mounted men; a sudden and rapid invasion by a cavalry force; a foray.
Raid (n.) An attack or invasion for the purpose of making arrests, seizing property, or plundering; as, a raid of the police upon a gambling house; a raid of contractors on the public treasury.
Rail (n.) A bar of steel or iron, forming part of the track on which the wheels roll. It is usually shaped with reference to vertical strength, and is held in place by chairs, splices, etc.
Rail (n.) A bar of timber or metal, usually horizontal or nearly so, extending from one post or support to another, as in fences, balustrades, staircases, etc.
Rail (n.) The light, fencelike structures of wood or metal at the break of the deck, and elsewhere where such protection is needed.
Rail (v. i.) To use insolent and reproachful language; to utter reproaches; to scoff; -- followed by at or against, formerly by on.
Rail (v.) Any one of numerous species of limicoline birds of the family Rallidae, especially those of the genus Rallus, and of closely allied genera. They are prized as game birds.
Railer (n.) One who rails; one who scoffs, insults, censures, or reproaches with opprobrious language.
Railway (n.) A road or way consisting of one or more parallel series of iron or steel rails, patterned and adjusted to be tracks for the wheels of vehicles, and suitably supported on a bed or substructure.
Railway (n.) The road, track, etc., with all the lands, buildings, rolling stock, franchises, etc., pertaining to them and constituting one property; as, a certain railroad has been put into the hands of a receiver.
Raiment (n.) Clothing in general; vesture; garments; -- usually singular in form, with a collective sense.
Rain (n.) To fall in drops from the clouds, as water; -- used mostly with it for a nominative; as, it rains.
Rainbow (n.) A bow or arch exhibiting, in concentric bands, the several colors of the spectrum, and formed in the part of the hemisphere opposite to the sun by the refraction and reflection of the sun's rays in drops of falling rain.
Rainfall (n.) A fall or descent of rain; the water, or amount of water, that falls in rain; as, the average annual rainfall of a region.
Raise (v. t.) To bring into being; to produce; to cause to arise, come forth, or appear; -- often with up.
Raise (v. t.) To bring to notice; to submit for consideration; as, to raise a point of order; to raise an objection.
Raise (v. t.) To bring together; to collect; to levy; to get together or obtain for use or service; as, to raise money, troops, and the like.
Raise (v. t.) To bring up from the lower world; to call up, as a spirit from the world of spirits; to recall from death; to give life to.
Raise (v. t.) To cause (the land or any other object) to seem higher by drawing nearer to it; as, to raise Sandy Hook light.
Raise (v. t.) To cause to arise, grow up, or come into being or to appear; to give rise to; to originate, produce, cause, effect, or the like.
Raise (v. t.) To cause to grow; to procure to be produced, bred, or propagated; to grow; as, to raise corn, barley, hops, etc.; toraise cattle.
Raise (v. t.) To cause to rise up, or assume an erect position or posture; to set up; to make upright; as, to raise a mast or flagstaff.
Raise (v. t.) To cause to rise; to bring from a lower to a higher place; to lift upward; to elevate; to heave; as, to raise a stone or weight.
Raise (v. t.) To cause to spring up from a recumbent position, from a state of quiet, or the like; to awaken; to arouse.
Raise (v. t.) To elevate in degree according to some scale; as, to raise the pitch of the voice; to raise the temperature of a room.
Raise (v. t.) To form by the accumulation of materials or constituent parts; to build up; to erect; as, to raise a lofty structure, a wall, a heap of stones.
Raise (v. t.) To give rise to; to set agoing; to occasion; to start; to originate; as, to raise a smile or a blush.
Raise (v. t.) To increase the strength, vigor, or vehemence of; to excite; to intensify; to invigorate; to heighten; as, to raise the pulse; to raise the voice; to raise the spirits or the courage; to raise the heat of a furnace.
Raised (a.) Leavened; made with leaven, or yeast; -- used of bread, cake, etc., as distinguished from that made with cream of tartar, soda, etc. See Raise, v. t., 4.
Raising (n.) Specifically, the operation or work of setting up the frame of a building; as, to help at a raising.
Raising (n.) The operation of embossing sheet metal, or of forming it into cup-shaped or hollow articles, by hammering, stamping, or spinning.
Raisonne (a.) Arranged systematically, or according to classes or subjects; as, a catalogue raisonne. See under Catalogue.
Rajah (a.) A native prince or king; also, a landholder or person of importance in the agricultural districts.
Rajput (n.) A Hindoo of the second, or royal and military, caste; a Kshatriya; especially, an inhabitant of the country of Rajpootana, in northern central India.
Rake (n.) A fissure or mineral vein traversing the strata vertically, or nearly so; -- called also rake-vein.
Rake (n.) A loose, disorderly, vicious man; a person addicted to lewdness and other scandalous vices; a debauchee; a roue.
Rake (n.) An implement consisting of a headpiece having teeth, and a long handle at right angles to it, -- used for collecting hay, or other light things which are spread over a large surface, or for breaking and smoothing the earth.
Rake (n.) the inclination of a mast or funnel, or, in general, of any part of a vessel not perpendicular to the keel.
Rake (n.) The inclination of anything from a perpendicular direction; as, the rake of a roof, a staircase, etc.
Rake (v. t.) To collect or draw together with laborious industry; to gather from a wide space; to scrape together; as, to rake together wealth; to rake together slanderous tales; to rake together the rabble of a town.
Rake (v. t.) To collect with a rake; as, to rake hay; -- often with up; as, he raked up the fallen leaves.
Rake (v. t.) To enfilade; to fire in a direction with the length of; in naval engagements, to cannonade, as a ship, on the stern or head so that the balls range the whole length of the deck.
Rake (v. t.) To pass a rake over; to scrape or scratch with a rake for the purpose of collecting and clearing off something, or for stirring up the soil; as, to rake a lawn; to rake a flower bed.
Raking (n.) A space gone over with a rake; also, the work done, or the quantity of hay, grain, etc., collected, by going once over a space with a rake.
Raku ware () A kind of earthenware made in Japan, resembling Satsuma ware, but having a paler color.
Rale (n.) An adventitious sound, usually of morbid origin, accompanying the normal respiratory sounds. See Rhonchus.
Rallentando (a.) Slackening; -- a direction to perform a passage with a gradual decrease in time and force; ritardando.
Rally (v. i.) To collect one's vital powers or forces; to regain health or consciousness; to recuperate.
Rally (v. i.) To come into orderly arrangement; to renew order, or united effort, as troops scattered or put to flight; to assemble; to unite.
Rally (v. t.) To attack with raillery, either in good humor and pleasantry, or with slight contempt or satire.
Rally (v. t.) To collect, and reduce to order, as troops dispersed or thrown into confusion; to gather again; to reunite.
Ralstonite (n.) A fluoride of alumina and soda occurring with the Greenland cryolite in octahedral crystals.
Ram (n.) A heavy steel or iron beak attached to the prow of a steam war vessel for piercing or cutting down the vessel of an enemy; also, a vessel carrying such a beak.
Ram (n.) In ancient warfare, a long beam suspended by slings in a framework, and used for battering the walls of cities; a battering-ram.
Ram (n.) The constellation Aries, which does not now, as formerly, occupy the sign of the same name.
Ram (n.) The weight which strikes the blow, in a pile driver, steam hammer, stamp mill, or the like.
Ram (v. t.) To butt or strike against; to drive a ram against or through; to thrust or drive with violence; to force in; to drive together; to cram; as, to ram an enemy's vessel; to ram piles, cartridges, etc.
Ramadan (n.) The great annual fast of the Mohammedans, kept during daylight through the ninth month.
Ramayana (n.) The more ancient of the two great epic poems in Sanskrit. The hero and heroine are Rama and his wife Sita.
Ramble (n.) A going or moving from place to place without any determinate business or object; an excursion or stroll merely for recreation.
Ramble (v. i.) To walk, ride, or sail, from place to place, without any determinate object in view; to roam carelessly or irregularly; to rove; to wander; as, to ramble about the city; to ramble over the world.
Rambutan (n.) A Malayan fruit produced by the tree Nephelium lappaceum, and closely related to the litchi nut. It is bright red, oval in shape, covered with coarse hairs (whence the name), and contains a pleasant acid pulp. Called also ramboostan.
Ramenta (n. pl.) Thin brownish chaffy scales upon the leaves or young shoots of some plants, especially upon the petioles and leaves of ferns.
Ramie (n.) The grass-cloth plant (B/hmeria nivea); also, its fiber, which is very fine and exceedingly strong; -- called also China grass, and rhea. See Grass-cloth plant, under Grass.
Ramification (n.) A division into principal and subordinate classes, heads, or departments; also, one of the subordinate parts; as, the ramifications of a subject or scheme.
Ramification (n.) A small branch or offshoot proceeding from a main stock or channel; as, the ramifications of an artery, vein, or nerve.
Ramification (n.) The process of branching, or the development of branches or offshoots from a stem; also, the mode of their arrangement.
Ramist (n.) A follower of Pierre Rame, better known as Ramus, a celebrated French scholar, who was professor of rhetoric and philosophy at Paris in the reign of Henry II., and opposed the Aristotelians.
Ramline (n.) A line used to get a straight middle line, as on a spar, or from stem to stern in building a vessel.
Rammer (n.) An instrument for driving anything with force; as, a rammer for driving stones or piles, or for beating the earth to more solidity
Ramoon (n.) A small West Indian tree (Trophis Americana) of the Mulberry family, whose leaves and twigs are used as fodder for cattle.
Ramose (a.) Branched, as the stem or root of a plant; having lateral divisions; consisting of, or having, branches; full of branches; ramifying; branching; branchy.
Ramp (n.) Any sloping member, other than a purely constructional one, such as a continuous parapet to a staircase.
Ramp (v. i.) To spring; to leap; to bound; to rear; to prance; to become rampant; hence, to frolic; to romp.
Rampage (v.) Violent or riotous behavior; a state of excitement, passion, or debauchery; as, to be on the rampage.
Rampancy (n.) The quality or state of being rampant; excessive action or development; exuberance; extravagance.
Rampant (v.) Rising with fore paws in the air as if attacking; -- said of a beast of prey, especially a lion. The right fore leg and right hind leg should be raised higher than the left.
Rampart (n.) A broad embankment of earth round a place, upon which the parapet is raised. It forms the substratum of every permanent fortification.
Rampart (n.) That which fortifies and defends from assault; that which secures safety; a defense or bulwark.
Rampion (n.) A plant (Campanula Rapunculus) of the Bellflower family, with a tuberous esculent root; -- also called ramps.
Ramson (n.) A broad-leaved species of garlic (Allium ursinum), common in European gardens; -- called also buckram.
Ramsted (n.) A yellow-flowered weed; -- so named from a Mr. Ramsted who introduced it into Pennsylvania. See Toad flax. Called also Ramsted weed.
Ranch (n.) A tract of land used for grazing and the rearing of horses, cattle, or sheep. See Rancho, 2.
Rancho (n.) A large grazing farm where horses and cattle are raised; -- distinguished from hacienda, a cultivated farm or plantation.
Rancho (n.) A rude hut, as of posts, covered with branches or thatch, where herdsmen or farm laborers may live or lodge at night.
Rancid (a.) Having a rank smell or taste, from chemical change or decomposition; musty; as, rancid oil or butter.
Rancorous (a.) Full of rancor; evincing, or caused by, rancor; deeply malignant; implacably spiteful or malicious; intensely virulent.
Rand (n.) A thin inner sole for a shoe; also, a leveling slip of leather applied to the sole before attaching the heel.
Random (a.) Going at random or by chance; done or made at hazard, or without settled direction, aim, or purpose; hazarded without previous calculation; left to chance; haphazard; as, a random guess.
Random (n.) A roving motion; course without definite direction; want of direction, rule, or method; hazard; chance; -- commonly used in the phrase at random, that is, without a settled point of direction; at hazard.
Range (n.) To dispose in a classified or in systematic order; to arrange regularly; as, to range plants and animals in genera and species.
Range (n.) To place (as a single individual) among others in a line, row, or order, as in the ranks of an army; -- usually, reflexively and figuratively, (in the sense) to espouse a cause, to join a party, etc.
Range (n.) To set in a row, or in rows; to place in a regular line or lines, or in ranks; to dispose in the proper order; to rank; as, to range soldiers in line.
Range (v. i.) To be native to, or live in, a certain district or region; as, the peba ranges from Texas to Paraguay.
Range (v. i.) To be placed in order; to be ranked; to admit of arrangement or classification; to rank.
Range (v. i.) To have a certain direction; to correspond in direction; to be or keep in a corresponding line; to trend or run; -- often followed by with; as, the front of a house ranges with the street; to range along the coast.
Range (v.) A series of things in a line; a row; a rank; as, a range of buildings; a range of mountains.
Range (v.) An extended cooking apparatus of cast iron, set in brickwork, and affording conveniences for various ways of cooking; also, a kind of cooking stove.
Range (v.) Extent or space taken in by anything excursive; compass or extent of excursion; reach; scope; discursive power; as, the range of one's voice, or authority.
Range (v.) In the public land system of the United States, a row or line of townships lying between two successive meridian lines six miles apart.
Range (v.) That which may be ranged over; place or room for excursion; especially, a region of country in which cattle or sheep may wander and pasture.
Ranger (n.) One of a body of mounted troops, formerly armed with short muskets, who range over the country, and often fight on foot.
Ranine (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, a swelling under the tongue; also, pertaining to the region where the swelling occurs; -- applied especially to branches of the lingual artery and lingual vein.
Rank (n. & v.) An aggregate of individuals classed together; a permanent social class; an order; a division; as, ranks and orders of men; the highest and the lowest ranks of men, or of other intelligent beings.
Rank (n. & v.) Degree of dignity, eminence, or excellence; position in civil or social life; station; degree; grade; as, a writer of the first rank; a lawyer of high rank.
Rank (n. & v.) Elevated grade or standing; high degree; high social position; distinction; eminence; as, a man of rank.
Rank (n. & v.) Grade of official standing, as in the army, navy, or nobility; as, the rank of general; the rank of admiral.
Rank (superl.) Causing vigorous growth; producing luxuriantly; very rich and fertile; as, rank land.
Rank (superl.) Luxuriant in growth; of vigorous growth; exuberant; grown to immoderate height; as, rank grass; rank weeds.
Rank (v. i.) To be ranged; to be set or disposed, as in a particular degree, class, order, or division.
Rank (v. i.) To have a certain grade or degree of elevation in the orders of civil or military life; to have a certain degree of esteem or consideration; as, he ranks with the first class of poets; he ranks high in public estimation.
Rank (v. t.) To range in a particular class, order, or division; to class; also, to dispose methodically; to place in suitable classes or order; to classify.
Rankle (a.) To become, or be, rank; to grow rank or strong; to be inflamed; to fester; -- used literally and figuratively.
Rankle (a.) To produce a festering or inflamed effect; to cause a sore; -- used literally and figuratively; as, a splinter rankles in the flesh; the words rankled in his bosom.
Rankly (adv.) With rank or vigorous growth; luxuriantly; hence, coarsely; grossly; as, weeds grow rankly.
Ransom (n.) A sum paid for the pardon of some great offense and the discharge of the offender; also, a fine paid in lieu of corporal punishment.
Ransom (n.) The money or price paid for the redemption of a prisoner, or for goods captured by an enemy; payment for freedom from restraint, penalty, or forfeit.
Ransom (n.) The release of a captive, or of captured property, by payment of a consideration; redemption; as, prisoners hopeless of ransom.
Ransom (n.) To redeem from captivity, servitude, punishment, or forfeit, by paying a price; to buy out of servitude or penalty; to rescue; to deliver; as, to ransom prisoners from an enemy.
Rant (n.) High-sounding language, without importance or dignity of thought; boisterous, empty declamation; bombast; as, the rant of fanatics.
Rant (v. i.) To rave in violent, high-sounding, or extravagant language, without dignity of thought; to be noisy, boisterous, and bombastic in talk or declamation; as, a ranting preacher.
Ranter (n.) One of the Primitive Methodists, who seceded from the Wesleyan Methodists on the ground of their deficiency in fervor and zeal; -- so called in contempt.
Ranunculaceous (a.) Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants (Ranunculaceae), of which the buttercup is the type, and which includes also the virgin's bower, the monkshood, larkspur, anemone, meadow rue, and peony.
Ranunculus (n.) A genus of herbs, mostly with yellow flowers, including crowfoot, buttercups, and the cultivated ranunculi (R. Asiaticus, R. aconitifolius, etc.) in which the flowers are double and of various colors.
Ranz des vaches () The name for numerous simple, but very irregular, melodies of the Swiss mountaineers, blown on a long tube called the Alpine horn, and sometimes sung.
Rap (n.) A popular name for any of the tokens that passed current for a half-penny in Ireland in the early part of the eighteenth century; any coin of trifling value.
Rap (v. t.) To free (a pattern) in a mold by light blows on the pattern, so as to facilitate its removal.
Rap (v.) To seize and bear away, as the mind or thoughts; to transport out of one's self; to affect with ecstasy or rapture; as, rapt into admiration.
Rapacious (a.) Accustomed to seize food; subsisting on prey, or animals seized by violence; as, a tiger is a rapacious animal; a rapacious bird.
Rapacious (a.) Avaricious; grasping; extortionate; also, greedy; ravenous; voracious; as, rapacious usurers; a rapacious appetite.
Rapacity (n.) The act or practice of extorting or exacting by oppressive injustice; exorbitant greediness of gain.
Rapacity (n.) The quality of being rapacious; rapaciousness; ravenousness; as, the rapacity of pirates; the rapacity of wolves.
Rape (n.) A filter containing the above refuse, used in clarifying and perfecting malt, vinegar, etc.
Rape (n.) A name given to a variety or to varieties of a plant of the turnip kind, grown for seeds and herbage. The seeds are used for the production of rape oil, and to a limited extent for the food of cage birds.
Rape (n.) One of six divisions of the county of Sussex, England, intermediate between a hundred and a shire.
Rape (n.) The refuse stems and skins of grapes or raisins from which the must has been expressed in wine making.
Raphe (n.) A line, ridge, furrow, or band of fibers, especially in the median line; as, the raphe of the tongue.
Rapid (a.) Advancing with haste or speed; speedy in progression; in quick sequence; as, rapid growth; rapid improvement; rapid recurrence; rapid succession.
Rapid (a.) The part of a river where the current moves with great swiftness, but without actual waterfall or cascade; -- usually in the plural; as, the Lachine rapids in the St. Lawrence.
Rapid (a.) Very swift or quick; moving with celerity; fast; as, a rapid stream; a rapid flight; a rapid motion.
Rapidity (n.) The quality or state of being rapid; swiftness; celerity; velocity; as, the rapidity of a current; rapidity of speech; rapidity of growth or improvement.
Rapine (n.) The act of plundering; the seizing and carrying away of things by force; spoliation; pillage; plunder.
Rapparee (n.) A wild Irish plunderer, esp. one of the 17th century; -- so called from his carrying a half-pike, called a rapary.
Raptorial (a.) Adapted for seizing prey; -- said of the legs, claws, etc., of insects, birds, and other animals.
Rapture (n.) The state or condition of being rapt, or carried away from one's self by agreeable excitement; violence of a pleasing passion; extreme joy or pleasure; ecstasy.
Rapturous (a.) Ecstatic; transporting; ravishing; feeling, expressing, or manifesting rapture; as, rapturous joy, pleasure, or delight; rapturous applause.
Rare (superl.) Characterized by wide separation of parts; of loose texture; not thick or dense; thin; as, a rare atmosphere at high elevations.
Rare (superl.) Nearly raw; partially cooked; not thoroughly cooked; underdone; as, rare beef or mutton.
Rarefaction (n.) The act or process of rarefying; the state of being rarefied; -- opposed to condensation; as, the rarefaction of air.
Rarefy (v. t.) To make rare, thin, porous, or less dense; to expand or enlarge without adding any new portion of matter to; -- opposed to condense.
Rarity (n.) The quality or state of being rare; rareness; thinness; as, the rarity (contrasted with the density) of gases.
Rasante (a.) Sweeping; grazing; -- applied to a style of fortification in which the command of the works over each other, and over the country, is kept very low, in order that the shot may more effectually sweep or graze the ground before them.
Rascal (v.) One of the rabble; a low, common sort of person or creature; collectively, the rabble; the common herd; also, a lean, ill-conditioned beast, esp. a deer.
Rascality (n.) The quality or state of being rascally, or a rascal; mean trickishness or dishonesty; base fraud.
Rascally (a.) Like a rascal; trickish or dishonest; base; worthless; -- often in humorous disparagement, without implication of dishonesty.
Rase (n.) A way of measuring in which the commodity measured was made even with the top of the measuring vessel by rasing, or striking off, all that was above it.
Rash (superl.) Esp., overhasty in counsel or action; precipitate; resolving or entering on a project or measure without due deliberation and caution; opposed to prudent; said of persons; as, a rash statesman or commander.
Rash (superl.) Uttered or undertaken with too much haste or too little reflection; as, rash words; rash measures.
Rasorial (a.) Of or pertaining to the Rasores, or gallinaceous birds, as the peacock, domestic fowl, partridge, quail, and the like.
Rasp (v. t.) Hence, figuratively: To grate harshly upon; to offend by coarse or rough treatment or language; as, some sounds rasp the ear; his insults rasped my temper.
Rasp (v. t.) To rub or file with a rasp; to rub or grate with a rough file; as, to rasp wood to make it smooth; to rasp bones to powder.
Rasp (v.) A coarse file, on which the cutting prominences are distinct points raised by the oblique stroke of a sharp punch, instead of lines raised by a chisel, as on the true file.
Raspberry (n.) The thimble-shaped fruit of the Rubus Idaeus and other similar brambles; as, the black, the red, and the white raspberry.
Rasure (v.) A mark by which a letter, word, or any part of a writing or print, is erased, effaced, or obliterated; an erasure.
Rat (n.) A round and tapering mass of hair, or similar material, used by women to support the puffs and rolls of their natural hair.
Rat (n.) One who deserts his party or associates; hence, in the trades, one who works for lower wages than those prescribed by a trades union.
Rat (v. i.) In English politics, to desert one's party from interested motives; to forsake one's associates for one's own advantage; in the trades, to work for less wages, or on other conditions, than those established by a trades union.
Rat-tail (a.) Like a rat's tail in form; as, a rat-tail file, which is round, slender, and tapering. See Illust. of File.
Rata (n.) A New Zealand forest tree (Metrosideros robusta), also, its hard dark red wood, used by the Maoris for paddles and war clubs.
Ratafia (n.) A spirituous liquor flavored with the kernels of cherries, apricots, peaches, or other fruit, spiced, and sweetened with sugar; -- a term applied to the liqueurs called noyau, cura/ao, etc.
Ratchet (n.) A mechanism composed of a ratchet wheel, or ratch, and pawl. See Ratchet wheel, below, and 2d Ratch.
Rate (n.) A tax or sum assessed by authority on property for public use, according to its income or value; esp., in England, a local tax; as, parish rates; town rates.
Rate (n.) That which is established as a measure or criterion; degree; standard; rank; proportion; ratio; as, a slow rate of movement; rate of interest is the ratio of the interest to the principal, per annum.
Rate (n.) The class of a merchant vessel for marine insurance, determined by its relative safety as a risk, as A1, A2, etc.
Rate (n.) The order or class to which a war vessel belongs, determined according to its size, armament, etc.; as, first rate, second rate, etc.
Rate (n.) Valuation; price fixed with relation to a standard; cost; charge; as, high or low rates of transportation.
Rate (v. i.) To be set or considered in a class; to have rank; as, the ship rates as a ship of the line.
Rate (v. t.) To settle the relative scale, rank, position, amount, value, or quality of; as, to rate a ship; to rate a seaman; to rate a pension.
Ratel (n.) Any carnivore of the genus Mellivora, allied to the weasels and the skunks; -- called also honey badger.
Rather (a.) Of two alternatives conceived of, this by preference to, or as more likely than, the other; somewhat.
Ratification (n.) The act of ratifying; the state of being ratified; confirmation; sanction; as, the ratification of a treaty.
Ratify (n.) To approve and sanction; to make valid; to confirm; to establish; to settle; especially, to give sanction to, as something done by an agent or servant; as, to ratify an agreement, treaty, or contract; to ratify a nomination.
Ratio (n.) Hence, fixed relation of number, quantity, or degree; rate; proportion; as, the ratio of representation in Congress.
Ratiocination (n.) The process of reasoning, or deducing conclusions from premises; deductive reasoning.
Ratiocinative (a.) Characterized by, or addicted to, ratiocination; consisting in the comparison of propositions or facts, and the deduction of inferences from the comparison; argumentative; as, a ratiocinative process.
Ration (n.) A fixed daily allowance of provisions assigned to a soldier in the army, or a sailor in the navy, for his subsistence.
Rational (a.) Agreeable to reason; not absurd, preposterous, extravagant, foolish, fanciful, or the like; wise; judicious; as, rational conduct; a rational man.
Rational (a.) Expressing the type, structure, relations, and reactions of a compound; graphic; -- said of formulae. See under Formula.
Rational (a.) Having reason, or the faculty of reasoning; endowed with reason or understanding; reasoning.
Rationale (a.) An explanation or exposition of the principles of some opinion, action, hypothesis, phenomenon, or the like; also, the principles themselves.
Rationalism (n.) The doctrine or system of those who deduce their religious opinions from reason or the understanding, as distinct from, or opposed to, revelation.
Rationalism (n.) The system that makes rational power the ultimate test of truth; -- opposed to sensualism, or sensationalism, and empiricism.
Rationalist (n.) One who accepts rationalism as a theory or system; also, disparagingly, a false reasoner. See Citation under Reasonist.
Rationality (n.) The quality or state of being rational; agreement with reason; possession of reason; due exercise of reason; reasonableness.
Rationalize (v. i.) To use, and rely on, reason in forming a theory, belief, etc., especially in matters of religion: to accord with the principles of rationalism.
Ratitae (n. pl.) An order of birds in which the wings are small, rudimentary, or absent, and the breastbone is destitute of a keel. The ostrich, emu, moa, and apteryx are examples.
Ratlins (n. pl.) The small transverse ropes attached to the shrouds and forming the steps of a rope ladder.
Ratten (v. t.) To deprive feloniously of the tools used in one's employment (as by breaking or stealing them), for the purpose of annoying; as, to ratten a mechanic who works during a strike.
Ratter (n.) Anything which catches rats; esp., a dog trained to catch rats; a rat terrier. See Terrier.
Ratting (v. i.) The low sport of setting a dog upon rats confined in a pit to see how many he will kill in a given time.
Rattle (n.) An instrument with which a rattling sound is made; especially, a child's toy that rattles when shaken.
Rattle (n.) The noise in the throat produced by the air in passing through mucus which the lungs are unable to expel; -- chiefly observable at the approach of death, when it is called the death rattle. See R/le.
Rattle (v. i.) To drive or ride briskly, so as to make a clattering; as, we rattled along for a couple of miles.
Rattle (v. i.) To make a clatter with the voice; to talk rapidly and idly; to clatter; -- with on or away; as, she rattled on for an hour.
Rattle (v. i.) To make a quick succession of sharp, inharmonious noises, as by the collision of hard and not very sonorous bodies shaken together; to clatter.
Rattle (v. t.) Hence, to disconcert; to confuse; as, to rattle one's judgment; to rattle a player in a game.
Rattlebox (n.) An American herb (Crotalaria sagittalis), the seeds of which, when ripe, rattle in the inflated pod.
Rattlebox (n.) Any species of Crotalaria, a genus of yellow-flowered herbs, with inflated, many-seeded pods.
Rattoon (n.) One of the stems or shoots of sugar cane of the second year's growth from the root, or later. See Plant-cane.
Rattoon (v. i.) To sprout or spring up from the root, as sugar cane from the root of the previous year's planting.
Raucity (n.) Harshness of sound; rough utterance; hoarseness; as, the raucity of a trumpet, or of the human voice.
Ravage (n.) Desolation by violence; violent ruin or destruction; devastation; havoc; waste; as, the ravage of a lion; the ravages of fire or tempest; the ravages of an army, or of time.
Ravage (n.) To lay waste by force; to desolate by violence; to commit havoc or devastation upon; to spoil; to plunder; to consume.
Rave (v. i.) To talk with unreasonable enthusiasm or excessive passion or excitement; -- followed by about, of, or on; as, he raved about her beauty.
Rave (v. i.) To wander in mind or intellect; to be delirious; to talk or act irrationally; to be wild, furious, or raging, as a madman.
Ravehook (n.) A tool, hooked at the end, for enlarging or clearing seams for the reception of oakum.
Ravel (v. t.) To pull apart, as the threads of a texture, and let them fall into a tangled mass; hence, to entangle; to make intricate; to involve.
Ravel (v. t.) To separate or undo the texture of; to take apart; to untwist; to unweave or unknit; -- often followed by out; as, to ravel a twist; to ravel out a stocking.
Ravelin (n.) A detached work with two embankments which make a salient angle. It is raised before the curtain on the counterscarp of the place. Formerly called demilune, and half-moon.
Raven (n.) A large black passerine bird (Corvus corax), similar to the crow, but larger. It is native of the northern parts of Europe, Asia, and America, and is noted for its sagacity.
Ravenous (a.) Devouring with rapacious eagerness; furiously voracious; hungry even to rage; as, a ravenous wolf or vulture.
Ravine (n.) A deep and narrow hollow, usually worn by a stream or torrent of water; a gorge; a mountain cleft.
Ravishment (n.) The act of carrying away by force or against consent; abduction; as, the ravishment of children from their parents, of a ward from his guardian, or of a wife from her husband.
Raw (superl.) Hence: Unprepared for use or enjoyment; immature; unripe; unseasoned; inexperienced; unpracticed; untried; as, raw soldiers; a raw recruit.
Raw (superl.) Not altered from its natural state; not prepared by the action of heat; as, raw sienna; specifically, not cooked; not changed by heat to a state suitable for eating; not done; as, raw meat.
Raw (superl.) Not trimmed, covered, or folded under; as, the raw edge of a piece of metal or of cloth.
Ray (n.) A line of light or heat proceeding from a radiant or reflecting point; a single element of light or heat propagated continuously; as, a solar ray; a polarized ray.
Ray (n.) A radiating part of a flower or plant; the marginal florets of a compound flower, as an aster or a sunflower; one of the pedicels of an umbel or other circular flower cluster; radius. See Radius.
Ray (n.) Any one of numerous elasmobranch fishes of the order Raiae, including the skates, torpedoes, sawfishes, etc.
Ray (n.) In a restricted sense, any of the broad, flat, narrow-tailed species, as the skates and sting rays. See Skate.
Ray (n.) One of a number of lines or parts diverging from a common point or center, like the radii of a circle; as, a star of six rays.
Ray (n.) One of a system of diverging lines passing through a point, and regarded as extending indefinitely in both directions. See Half-ray.
Ray (n.) One of the component elements of the total radiation from a body; any definite or limited portion of the spectrum; as, the red ray; the violet ray. See Illust. under Light.
Ray (n.) One of the spheromeres of a radiate, especially one of the arms of a starfish or an ophiuran.
Ray (n.) Sight; perception; vision; -- from an old theory of vision, that sight was something which proceeded from the eye to the object seen.
Ray grass () A perennial European grass (Lolium perenne); -- called also rye grass, and red darnel. See Darnel, and Grass.
Rayless (a.) Destitute of rays; hence, dark; not illuminated; blind; as, a rayless sky; rayless eyes.
Raze (v. t.) To subvert from the foundation; to lay level with the ground; to overthrow; to destroy; to demolish.
Razee (v. t.) An armed ship having her upper deck cut away, and thus reduced to the next inferior rate, as a seventy-four cut down to a frigate.
Razee (v. t.) To cut down to a less number of decks, and thus to an inferior rate or class, as a ship; hence, to prune or abridge by cutting off or retrenching parts; as, to razee a book, or an article.
Razor (v. t.) A keen-edged knife of peculiar shape, used in shaving the hair from the face or the head.
Razorbill (n.) A species of auk (Alca torda) common in the Arctic seas. See Auk, and Illust. in Appendix.
Razure (n.) The act of erasing or effacing, or the state of being effaced; obliteration. See Rasure.
Re () A syllable applied in solmization to the second tone of the diatonic scale of C; in the American system, to the second tone of any diatonic scale.
Re-collect (v. t.) To collect again; to gather what has been scattered; as, to re-collect routed troops.
Re-demption (n.) Performance of the obligation stated in a note, bill, bond, or other evidence of debt, by making payment to the holder.
Re-demption (n.) The act of redeeming, or the state of being redeemed; repurchase; ransom; release; rescue; deliverance; as, the redemption of prisoners taken in war; the redemption of a ship and cargo.
Re-demption (n.) The procuring of God's favor by the sufferings and death of Christ; the ransom or deliverance of sinners from the bondage of sin and the penalties of God's violated law.
Re-form (v. t. & i.) To give a new form to; to form anew; to take form again, or to take a new form; as, to re-form the line after a charge.
Re-formation (n.) The act of forming anew; a second forming in order; as, the reformation of a column of troops into a hollow square.
Re-presentation (n.) The act of re-presenting, or the state of being presented again; a new presentation; as, re-presentation of facts previously stated.
Reabsorb (v. t.) To absorb again; to draw in, or imbibe, again what has been effused, extravasated, or thrown off; to swallow up again; as, to reabsorb chyle, lymph, etc.; -- used esp. of fluids.
Reach (n.) An extended portion of land or water; a stretch; a straight portion of a stream or river, as from one turn to another; a level stretch, as between locks in a canal; an arm of the sea extending up into the land.
Reach (n.) The act of stretching or extending; extension; power of reaching or touching with the person, or a limb, or something held or thrown; as, the fruit is beyond my reach; to be within reach of cannon shot.
Reach (n.) The power of stretching out or extending action, influence, or the like; power of attainment or management; extent of force or capacity.
Reach (v. i.) To extend in dimension, time, amount, action, influence, etc., so as to touch, attain to, or be equal to, something.
Reach (v. i.) To sail on the wind, as from one point of tacking to another, or with the wind nearly abeam.
Reach (v. t.) Hence, to deliver by stretching out a member, especially the hand; to give with the hand; to pass to another; to hand over; as, to reach one a book.
Reach (v. t.) Hence, to extend an action, effort, or influence to; to penetrate to; to pierce, or cut, as far as.
Reach (v. t.) To attain or obtain by stretching forth the hand; to extend some part of the body, or something held by one, so as to touch, strike, grasp, or the like; as, to reach an object with the hand, or with a spear.
Reach (v. t.) To extend to; to stretch out as far as; to touch by virtue of extent; as, his land reaches the river.
Reach (v. t.) To extend; to stretch; to thrust out; to put forth, as a limb, a member, something held, or the like.
Reach (v. t.) To strike, hit, or touch with a missile; as, to reach an object with an arrow, a bullet, or a shell.
React (v. i.) To act upon each other; to exercise a reciprocal or a reverse effect, as two or more chemical agents; to act in opposition.
React (v. i.) To return an impulse or impression; to resist the action of another body by an opposite force; as, every body reacts on the body that impels it from its natural state.
React (v. t.) To act or perform a second time; to do over again; as, to react a play; the same scenes were reacted at Rome.
Reaction (n.) An action induced by vital resistance to some other action; depression or exhaustion of vital force consequent on overexertion or overstimulation; heightened activity and overaction succeeding depression or shock.
Reaction (n.) Any action in resisting other action or force; counter tendency; movement in a contrary direction; reverse action.
Reaction (n.) Backward tendency or movement after revolution, reform, or great progress in any direction.
Reaction (n.) The force which a body subjected to the action of a force from another body exerts upon the latter body in the opposite direction.
Read (v. i.) To appear in writing or print; to be expressed by, or consist of, certain words or characters; as, the passage reads thus in the early manuscripts.
Read (v. i.) To perform the act of reading; to peruse, or to go over and utter aloud, the words of a book or other like document.
Read (v. t.) To discover or understand by characters, marks, features, etc.; to learn by observation.
Reader (n.) A book containing a selection of extracts for exercises in reading; an elementary book for practice in a language; a reading book.
Reading (n.) An observation read from the scale of a graduated instrument; as, the reading of a barometer.
Reading (n.) The way in which anything reads; force of a word or passage presented by a documentary authority; lection; version.
Readjuster (n.) One who, or that which, readjusts; in some of the States of the United States, one who advocates a refunding, and sometimes a partial repudiation, of the State debt without the consent of the State's creditors.
Readmission (n.) The act of admitting again, or the state of being readmitted; as, the readmission of fresh air into an exhausted receiver; the readmission of a student into a seminary.
Ready (superl.) A word of command, or a position, in the manual of arms, at which the piece is cocked and held in position to execute promptly the next command, which is, aim.
Ready (superl.) Fitted or arranged for immediate use; causing no delay for lack of being prepared or furnished.
Ready (superl.) Not slow or hesitating; quick in action or perception of any kind; dexterous; prompt; easy; expert; as, a ready apprehension; ready wit; a ready writer or workman.
Ready (superl.) Prepared for what one is about to do or experience; equipped or supplied with what is needed for some act or event; prepared for immediate movement or action; as, the troops are ready to march; ready for the journey.
Ready-made (a.) Made already, or beforehand, in anticipation of need; not made to order; as, ready-made clothing; ready-made jokes.
Reagent (n.) A substance capable of producing with another a reaction, especially when employed to detect the presence of other bodies; a test.
Reaggravation (n.) The last monitory, published after three admonitions and before the last excommunication.
Real (a.) Pertaining to things fixed, permanent, or immovable, as to lands and tenements; as, real property, in distinction from personal or movable property.
Real (a.) True; genuine; not artificial, counterfeit, or factitious; often opposed to ostensible; as, the real reason; real Madeira wine; real ginger.
Real (n.) A small Spanish silver coin; also, a denomination of money of account, formerly the unit of the Spanish monetary system.
Realgar (n.) Arsenic sulphide, a mineral of a brilliant red color; red orpiment. It is also an artificial product.
Realism (n.) As opposed to idealism, the doctrine that in sense perception there is an immediate cognition of the external object, and our knowledge of it is not mediate and representative.
Realism (n.) As opposed to nominalism, the doctrine that genera and species are real things or entities, existing independently of our conceptions. According to realism the Universal exists ante rem (Plato), or in re (Aristotle).
Realism (n.) Fidelity to nature or to real life; representation without idealization, and making no appeal to the imagination; adherence to the actual fact.
Realist (n.) One who believes in realism; esp., one who maintains that generals, or the terms used to denote the genera and species of things, represent real existences, and are not mere names, as maintained by the nominalists.
Realistic (a.) Of or pertaining to the realists; in the manner of the realists; characterized by realism rather than by imagination.
Reality (n.) That which is real; an actual existence; that which is not imagination, fiction, or pretense; that which has objective existence, and is not merely an idea.
Reality (n.) The state or quality of being real; actual being or existence of anything, in distinction from mere appearance; fact.
Realize (v. i.) To convert any kind of property into money, especially property representing investments, as shares in stock companies, bonds, etc.
Realize (v. t.) To acquire as an actual possession; to obtain as the result of plans and efforts; to gain; to get; as, to realize large profits from a speculation.
Realize (v. t.) To cause to seem real; to impress upon the mind as actual; to feel vividly or strongly; to make one's own in apprehension or experience.
Realize (v. t.) To make real; to convert from the imaginary or fictitious into the actual; to bring into concrete existence; to effectuate; to accomplish; as, to realize a scheme or project.
Realizing (a.) Serving to make real, or to impress on the mind as a reality; as, a realizing view of the danger incurred.
Realm (n.) A royal jurisdiction or domain; a region which is under the dominion of a king; a kingdom.
Realm (n.) Hence, in general, province; region; country; domain; department; division; as, the realm of fancy.
Realty (n.) Immobility, or the fixed, permanent nature of real property; as, chattels which savor of the realty; -- so written in legal language for reality.
Ream (n.) A bundle, package, or quantity of paper, usually consisting of twenty quires or 480 sheets.
Ream (v. t.) To bevel out, as the mouth of a hole in wood or metal; in modern usage, to enlarge or dress out, as a hole, with a reamer.
Reamer (n.) One who, or that which, reams; specifically, an instrument with cutting or scraping edges, used, with a twisting motion, for enlarging a round hole, as the bore of a cannon, etc.
Reanimate (v. t.) To animate anew; to restore to animation or life; to infuse new life, vigor, spirit, or courage into; to revive; to reinvigorate; as, to reanimate a drowned person; to reanimate disheartened troops; to reanimate languid spirits.
Reanimation (n.) The act or operation of reanimating, or the state of being reanimated; reinvigoration; revival.
Reap (v. t.) To cut with a sickle, scythe, or reaping machine, as grain; to gather, as a harvest, by cutting.
Reap (v. t.) To gather; to obtain; to receive as a reward or harvest, or as the fruit of labor or of works; -- in a good or a bad sense; as, to reap a benefit from exertions.
Rear (n.) Specifically, the part of an army or fleet which comes last, or is stationed behind the rest.
Rear (v. t.) To bring up to maturity, as young; to educate; to instruct; to foster; as, to rear offspring.
Rear (v. t.) To erect by building; to set up; to construct; as, to rear defenses or houses; to rear one government on the ruins of another.
Rear (v. t.) To raise; to lift up; to cause to rise, become erect, etc.; to elevate; as, to rear a monolith.
Reason (n.) Hence: To carry on a process of deduction or of induction, in order to convince or to confute; to formulate and set forth propositions and the inferences from them; to argue.
Reason (n.) To exercise the rational faculty; to deduce inferences from premises; to perform the process of deduction or of induction; to ratiocinate; to reach conclusions by a systematic comparison of facts.
Reason (v. t.) To arrange and present the reasons for or against; to examine or discuss by arguments; to debate or discuss; as, I reasoned the matter with my friend.
Reason (v. t.) To find by logical processes; to explain or justify by reason or argument; -- usually with out; as, to reason out the causes of the librations of the moon.
Reason (v. t.) To overcome or conquer by adducing reasons; -- with down; as, to reason down a passion.
Reason (v. t.) To persuade by reasoning or argument; as, to reason one into a belief; to reason one out of his plan.
Reasonable (n.) Governed by reason; being under the influence of reason; thinking, speaking, or acting rationally, or according to the dictates of reason; agreeable to reason; just; rational; as, the measure must satisfy all reasonable men.
Reasonable (n.) Not excessive or immoderate; within due limits; proper; as, a reasonable demand, amount, price.
Reasoning (n.) That which is offered in argument; proofs or reasons when arranged and developed; course of argument.
Reasoning (n.) The act or process of adducing a reason or reasons; manner of presenting one's reasons.
Reaumur (a.) Of or pertaining to Rene Antoine Ferchault de Reaumur; conformed to the scale adopted by Reaumur in graduating the thermometer he invented.
Reave (v. i.) To take away by violence or by stealth; to snatch away; to rob; to despoil; to bereave. [Archaic]
Rebate (n.) A rectangular longitudinal recess or groove, cut in the corner or edge of any body; a rabbet. See Rabbet.
Rebate (n.) An iron tool sharpened something like a chisel, and used for dressing and polishing wood.
Rebate (n.) Deduction; abatement; as, a rebate of interest for immediate payment; a rebate of importation duties.
Rebate (v. t.) To beat to obtuseness; to deprive of keenness; to blunt; to turn back the point of, as a lance used for exercise.
Rebec (n.) An instrument formerly used which somewhat resembled the violin, having three strings, and being played with a bow.
Rebel (v. i.) To be disobedient to authority; to assume a hostile or insubordinate attitude; to revolt.
Rebel (v. i.) To renounce, and resist by force, the authority of the ruler or government to which one owes obedience. See Rebellion.
Rebeldom (n.) A region infested by rebels; rebels, considered collectively; also, conduct or quality characteristic of rebels.
Rebellious (a.) Engaged in rebellion; disposed to rebel; of the nature of rebels or of rebellion; resisting government or lawful authority by force.
Rebiting (n.) The act or process of deepening worn lines in an etched plate by submitting it again to the action of acid.
Rebound (v. i.) To spring back; to start back; to be sent back or reverberated by elastic force on collision with another body; as, a rebounding echo.
Rebuff (n.) Sudden check; unexpected repulse; defeat; refusal; repellence; rejection of solicitation.
Rebuff (v. t.) To beat back; to offer sudden resistance to; to check; to repel or repulse violently, harshly, or uncourteously.
Rebuild (v. t.) To build again, as something which has been demolished; to construct anew; as, to rebuild a house, a wall, a wharf, or a city.
Rebuke (v. t.) To check, silence, or put down, with reproof; to restrain by expression of disapprobation; to reprehend sharply and summarily; to chide; to reprove; to admonish.
Rebus (n.) A pictorial suggestion on a coat of arms of the name of the person to whom it belongs. See Canting arms, under Canting.
Rebuttal (n.) The giving of evidence on the part of a plaintiff to destroy the effect of evidence introduced by the defendant in the same suit.
Recalcitrant (a.) Kicking back; recalcitrating; hence, showing repugnance or opposition; refractory.
Recalcitrate (v. i.) To kick back; to kick against anything; hence, to express repugnance or opposition.
Recall (n.) A call on the trumpet, bugle, or drum, by which soldiers are recalled from duty, labor, etc.
Recall (v. t.) To call back to mind; to revive in memory; to recollect; to remember; as, to recall bygone days.
Recall (v. t.) To revoke; to annul by a subsequent act; to take back; to withdraw; as, to recall words, or a decree.
Recant (v. i.) To revoke a declaration or proposition; to unsay what has been said; to retract; as, convince me that I am wrong, and I will recant.
Recant (v. t.) To withdraw or repudiate formally and publicly (opinions formerly expressed); to contradict, as a former declaration; to take back openly; to retract; to recall.
Recantation (n.) The act of recanting; a declaration that contradicts a former one; that which is thus asserted in contradiction; retraction.
Recapitulate (v. i.) To sum up, or enumerate by heads or topics, what has been previously said; to repeat briefly the substance.
Recapitulate (v. t.) To repeat, as the principal points in a discourse, argument, or essay; to give a summary of the principal facts, points, or arguments of; to relate in brief; to summarize.
Recapitulation (n.) The act of recapitulating; a summary, or concise statement or enumeration, of the principal points, facts, or statements, in a preceding discourse, argument, or essay.
Recapper (n.) A tool used for applying a fresh percussion cap or primer to a cartridge shell in reloading it.
Recaption (n.) The act of retaking, as of one who has escaped after arrest; reprisal; the retaking of one's own goods, chattels, wife, or children, without force or violence, from one who has taken them and who wrongfully detains them.
Recapture (n.) The act of retaking or recovering by capture; especially, the retaking of a prize or goods from a captor.
Recast (v. t.) To mold anew; to cast anew; to throw into a new form or shape; to reconstruct; as, to recast cannon; to recast an argument or a play.
Recede (v. i.) To cede back; to grant or yield again to a former possessor; as, to recede conquered territory.
Recede (v. i.) To withdraw a claim or pretension; to desist; to relinquish what had been proposed or asserted; as, to recede from a demand or proposition.
Receipt (n.) A formulary according to the directions of which things are to be taken or combined; a recipe; as, a receipt for making sponge cake.
Receipt (n.) A writing acknowledging the taking or receiving of goods delivered; an acknowledgment of money paid.
Receipt (n.) That which is received; that which comes in, in distinction from what is expended, paid out, sent away, and the like; -- usually in the plural; as, the receipts amounted to a thousand dollars.
Receiptor (n.) One who receipts; specifically (Law), one who receipts for property which has been taken by the sheriff.
Receive (v. t.) Hence: To gain the knowledge of; to take into the mind by assent to; to give admission to; to accept, as an opinion, notion, etc.; to embrace.
Receive (v. t.) To admit; to take in; to hold; to contain; to have capacity for; to be able to take in.
Receive (v. t.) To be affected by something; to suffer; to be subjected to; as, to receive pleasure or pain; to receive a wound or a blow; to receive damage.
Receive (v. t.) To give admittance to; to permit to enter, as into one's house, presence, company, and the like; as, to receive a lodger, visitor, ambassador, messenger, etc.
Receive (v. t.) To take, as something that is offered, given, committed, sent, paid, or the like; to accept; as, to receive money offered in payment of a debt; to receive a gift, a message, or a letter.
Receivedness (n.) The state or quality of being received, accepted, or current; as, the receivedness of an opinion.
Receiver (n.) A capacious vessel for receiving steam from a distant boiler, and supplying it dry to an engine.
Receiver (n.) A vessel connected with an alembic, a retort, or the like, for receiving and condensing the product of distillation.
Receiver (n.) A vessel for receiving the exhaust steam from the high-pressure cylinder before it enters the low-pressure cylinder, in a compound engine.
Receiver (n.) That portion of a telephonic apparatus, or similar system, at which the message is received and made audible; -- opposed to transmitter.
Receiver (n.) The glass vessel in which the vacuum is produced, and the objects of experiment are put, in experiments with an air pump. Cf. Bell jar, and see Illust. of Air pump.
Recency (n.) The state or quality of being recent; newness; new state; late origin; lateness in time; freshness; as, the recency of a transaction, of a wound, etc.
Recension (n.) Specifically, the review of a text (as of an ancient author) by an editor; critical revisal and establishment.
Recension (n.) The result of such a work; a text established by critical revision; an edited version.
Recent (a.) Of late origin, existence, or occurrence; lately come; not of remote date, antiquated style, or the like; not already known, familiar, worn out, trite, etc.; fresh; novel; new; modern; as, recent news.
Receptacle (n.) That which serves, or is used, for receiving and containing something, as a basket, a vase, a bag, a reservoir; a repository.
Receptacle (n.) The apex of the flower stalk, from which the organs of the flower grow, or into which they are inserted. See Illust. of Flower, and Ovary.
Receptacle (n.) The dilated apex of a pedicel which serves as a common support to a head of flowers.
Receptacular (a.) Pertaining to the receptacle, or growing on it; as, the receptacular chaff or scales in the sunflower.
Reception (n.) The act of receiving; receipt; admission; as, the reception of food into the stomach; the reception of a letter; the reception of sensation or ideas; reception of evidence.
Reception (n.) The act or manner of receiving, esp. of receiving visitors; entertainment; hence, an occasion or ceremony of receiving guests; as, a hearty reception; an elaborate reception.
Receptive (a.) Having the quality of receiving; able or inclined to take in, absorb, hold, or contain; receiving or containing; as, a receptive mind.
Recess (n.) Remission or suspension of business or procedure; intermission, as of a legislative body, court, or school.
Recession (n.) The act of ceding back; restoration; repeated cession; as, the recession of conquered territory to its former sovereign.
Recheat (n.) A strain given on the horn to call back the hounds when they have lost track of the game.
Recherche (a.) Sought out with care; choice. Hence: of rare quality, elegance, or attractiveness; peculiar and refined in kind.
Recipe (n.) A formulary or prescription for making some combination, mixture, or preparation of materials; a receipt; especially, a prescription for medicine.
Recipiangle (n.) An instrument with two arms that are pivoted together at one end, and a graduated arc, -- used by military engineers for measuring and laying off angles of fortifications.
Recipient (n.) A receiver; the person or thing that receives; one to whom, or that to which, anything is given or communicated; specifically, the receiver of a still.
Reciprocal (a.) Done by each to the other; interchanging or interchanged; given and received; due from each to each; mutual; as, reciprocal love; reciprocal duties.
Reciprocal (a.) Reflexive; -- applied to pronouns and verbs, but sometimes limited to such pronouns as express mutual action.
Reciprocal (a.) Used to denote different kinds of mutual relation; often with reference to the substitution of reciprocals for given quantities. See the Phrases below.
Reciprocal (n.) The quotient arising from dividing unity by any quantity; thus, / is the reciprocal of 4; 1/(a +b) is the reciprocal of a + b. The reciprocal of a fraction is the fraction inverted, or the denominator divided by the numerator.
Reciprocally (adv.) In a reciprocal manner; so that each affects the other, and is equally affected by it; interchangeably; mutually.
Reciprocate (v. i.) To move forward and backward alternately; to recur in vicissitude; to act interchangeably; to alternate.
Reciprocate (v. t.) To give and return mutually; to make return for; to give in return; to interchange; to alternate; as, to reciprocate favors.
Reciprocation (n.) Alternate recurrence or action; as, the reciprocation of the sea in the flow and ebb of tides.
Reciprocation (n.) The act of reciprocating; interchange of acts; a mutual giving and returning; as, the reciprocation of kindnesses.
Recital (n.) A telling in detail and due order of the particulars of anything, as of a law, an adventure, or a series of events; narration.
Recital (n.) A vocal or instrumental performance by one person; -- distinguished from concert; as, a song recital; an organ, piano, or violin recital.
Recital (n.) The act of reciting; the repetition of the words of another, or of a document; rehearsal; as, the recital of testimony.
Recital (n.) The formal statement, or setting forth, of some matter of fact in any deed or writing in order to explain the reasons on which the transaction is founded; the statement of matter in pleading introductory to some positive allegation.
Recitation (n.) The delivery before an audience of something committed to memory, especially as an elocutionary exhibition; also, that which is so delivered.
Recitative (a.) Of or pertaining to recitation; intended for musical recitation or declamation; in the style or manner of recitative.
Recitative (n.) A species of musical recitation in which the words are delivered in a manner resembling that of ordinary declamation; also, a piece of music intended for such recitation; -- opposed to melisma.
Recite (v. i.) To repeat, pronounce, or rehearse, as before an audience, something prepared or committed to memory; to rehearse a lesson learned.
Recite (v. t.) To repeat, as something already prepared, written down, committed to memory, or the like; to deliver from a written or printed document, or from recollection; to rehearse; as, to recite the words of an author, or of a deed or covenant.
Recite (v. t.) To tell over; to go over in particulars; to relate; to narrate; as, to recite past events; to recite the particulars of a voyage.
Reckon (v. i.) To come to an accounting; to make up accounts; to settle; to examine and strike the balance of debt and credit; to adjust relations of desert or penalty.
Reckon (v. t.) To conclude, as by an enumeration and balancing of chances; hence, to think; to suppose; -- followed by an objective clause; as, I reckon he won't try that again.
Reckon (v. t.) To count as in a number, rank, or series; to estimate by rank or quality; to place by estimation; to account; to esteem; to repute.
Reckoner (n.) One who reckons or computes; also, a book of calculations, tables, etc., to assist in reckoning.
Reckoning (n.) The act of one who reckons, counts, or computes; the result of reckoning or counting; calculation.
Reclaim (v. i.) To cry out in opposition or contradiction; to exclaim against anything; to contradict; to take exceptions.
Reclaim (v. t.) Hence: To reduce to a desired state by discipline, labor, cultivation, or the like; to rescue from being wild, desert, waste, submerged, or the like; as, to reclaim wild land, overflowed land, etc.
Reclaim (v. t.) To call back from flight or disorderly action; to call to, for the purpose of subduing or quieting.
Reclaim (v. t.) To call back to rectitude from moral wandering or transgression; to draw back to correct deportment or course of life; to reform.
Reclaim (v. t.) To claim back; to demand the return of as a right; to attempt to recover possession of.
Reclaim (v. t.) To reduce from a wild to a tamed state; to bring under discipline; -- said especially of birds trained for the chase, but also of other animals.
Reclinate (a.) Reclined, as a leaf; bent downward, so that the point, as of a stem or leaf, is lower than the base.
Reclination (n.) The angle which the plane of the dial makes with a vertical plane which it intersects in a horizontal line.
Recline (v. t.) To cause or permit to lean, incline, rest, etc.; to place in a recumbent position; as, to recline the head on the hand.
Recluse (a.) A person who lives in seclusion from intercourse with the world, as a hermit or monk; specifically, one of a class of secluded devotees who live in single cells, usually attached to monasteries.
Recluse (a.) Shut up; sequestered; retired from the world or from public notice; solitary; living apart; as, a recluse monk or hermit; a recluse life.
Recognition (n.) The act of recognizing, or the state of being recognized; acknowledgment; formal avowal; knowledge confessed or avowed; notice.
Recognize (v. i.) To enter an obligation of record before a proper tribunal; as, A B recognized in the sum of twenty dollars.
Recognize (v. t.) To avow knowledge of; to allow that one knows; to consent to admit, hold, or the like; to admit with a formal acknowledgment; as, to recognize an obligation; to recognize a consul.
Recognize (v. t.) To know again; to perceive the identity of, with a person or thing previously known; to recover or recall knowledge of.
Recoil (n.) A starting or falling back; a rebound; a shrinking; as, the recoil of nature, or of the blood.
Recoil (v. i.) To draw back, as from anything repugnant, distressing, alarming, or the like; to shrink.
Recoil (v. i.) To start, roll, bound, spring, or fall back; to take a reverse motion; to be driven or forced backward; to return.
Recollect (v. t.) Reflexively, to compose one's self; to recover self-command; as, to recollect one's self after a burst of anger; -- sometimes, formerly, in the perfect participle.
Recollect (v. t.) To recover or recall the knowledge of; to bring back to the mind or memory; to remember.
Recollection (n.) The act of recollecting, or recalling to the memory; the operation by which objects are recalled to the memory, or ideas revived in the mind; reminiscence; remembrance.
Recollection (n.) The act or practice of collecting or concentrating the mind; concentration; self-control.
Recollection (n.) The power of recalling ideas to the mind, or the period within which things can be recollected; remembrance; memory; as, an event within my recollection.
Recommendation (n.) That which recommends, or commends to favor; anything procuring, or tending to procure, a favorable reception, or to secure acceptance and adoption; as, he brought excellent recommendations.
Recommit (v. t.) To commit again; to give back into keeping; specifically, to refer again to a committee; as, to recommit a bill to the same committee.
Recompensation (n.) Used to denote a case where a set-off pleaded by the defendant is met by a set-off pleaded by the plaintiff.
Recompense (n.) An equivalent returned for anything done, suffered, or given; compensation; requital; suitable return.
Recompense (v. t.) To render an equivalent to, for service, loss, etc.; to requite; to remunerate; to compensate.
Recompilement (n.) The act of recompiling; new compilation or digest; as, a recompilement of the laws.
Recompose (v. t.) To restore to composure; to quiet anew; to tranquilize; as, to recompose the mind.
Reconcilable (a.) Capable of being reconciled; as, reconcilable adversaries; an act reconciable with previous acts.
Reconcile (v. t.) To bring to acquiescence, content, or quiet submission; as, to reconcile one's self to affictions.
Reconcile (v. t.) To cause to be friendly again; to conciliate anew; to restore to friendship; to bring back to harmony; to cause to be no longer at variance; as, to reconcile persons who have quarreled.
Reconcile (v. t.) To make consistent or congruous; to bring to agreement or suitableness; -- followed by with or to.
Reconciliation (n.) The act of reconciling, or the state of being reconciled; reconcilenment; restoration to harmony; renewal of friendship.
Recondite (a.) Hidden from the mental or intellectual view; secret; abstruse; as, recondite causes of things.
Reconnaissance (n.) An examination of a region as to its general natural features, preparatory to a more particular survey for the purposes of triangulation, or of determining the location of a public work.
Reconnaissance (n.) An examination of a territory, or of an enemy's position, for the purpose of obtaining information necessary for directing military operations; a preparatory expedition.
Reconnaissance (n.) An examination or survey of a region in reference to its general geological character.
Reconnoitre (v. t.) To examine with the eye to make a preliminary examination or survey of; esp., to survey with a view to military or engineering operations.
Reconsider (v. t.) To take up for renewed consideration, as a motion or a vote which has been previously acted upon.
Reconsideration (n.) The act of reconsidering, or the state of being reconsidered; as, the reconsideration of a vote in a legislative body.
Reconstruction (n.) The act or process of reorganizing the governments of the States which had passed ordinances of secession, and of reestablishing their constitutional relations to the national government, after the close of the Civil War.
Reconvention (n.) A cross demand; an action brought by the defendant against the plaintiff before the same judge.
Reconvertible (a.) Capable of being reconverted; convertible again to the original form or condition.
Record (v. t.) A writing by which some act or event, or a number of acts or events, is recorded; a register; as, a record of the acts of the Hebrew kings; a record of the variations of temperature during a certain time; a family record.
Record (v. t.) An authentic official copy of a document which has been entered in a book, or deposited in the keeping of some officer designated by law.
Record (v. t.) An official contemporaneous memorandum stating the proceedings of a court of justice; a judicial record.
Record (v. t.) An official contemporaneous writing by which the acts of some public body, or public officer, are recorded; as, a record of city ordinances; the records of the receiver of taxes.
Record (v. t.) That which has been publicly achieved in any kind of competitive sport as recorded in some authoritative manner, as the time made by a winning horse in a race.
Record (v. t.) That which has been, or might be, recorded; the known facts in the course, progress, or duration of anything, as in the life of a public man; as, a politician with a good or a bad record.
Record (v. t.) That which serves to perpetuate a knowledge of acts or events; a monument; a memorial.
Record (v. t.) The various legal papers used in a case, together with memoranda of the proceedings of the court; as, it is not permissible to allege facts not in the record.
Recorder (n.) One who records; specifically, a person whose official duty it is to make a record of writings or transactions.
Recording (a.) Keeping a record or a register; as, a recording secretary; -- applied to numerous instruments with an automatic appliance which makes a record of their action; as, a recording gauge or telegraph.
Recorporification (n.) The act of investing again with a body; the state of being furnished anew with a body.
Recount (v.) To tell over; to relate in detail; to recite; to tell or narrate the particulars of; to rehearse; to enumerate; as, to recount one's blessings.
Recoupe (v. t.) To get an equivalent or compensation for; as, to recoup money lost at the gaming table; to recoup one's losses in the share market.
Recoupe (v. t.) To keep back rightfully (a part), as if by cutting off, so as to diminish a sum due; to take off (a part) from damages; to deduct; as, where a landlord recouped the rent of premises from damages awarded to the plaintiff for eviction.
Recourse (n.) A coursing back, or coursing again, along the line of a previous coursing; renewed course; return; retreat; recurence.
Recourse (n.) Recurrence in difficulty, perplexity, need, or the like; access or application for aid; resort.
Recover (v. i.) To obtain a judgement; to succeed in a lawsuit; as, the plaintiff has recovered in his suit.
Recover (v. t.) To make good by reparation; to make up for; to retrieve; to repair the loss or injury of; as, to recover lost time.
Recover (v. t.) To restore from sickness, faintness, or the like; to bring back to life or health; to cure; to heal.
Recovery (n.) Restoration from sickness, weakness, faintness, or the like; restoration from a condition of mistortune, of fright, etc.
Recovery (n.) The obtaining in a suit at law of a right to something by a verdict and judgment of court.
Recreant (a.) Crying for mercy, as a combatant in the trial by battle; yielding; cowardly; mean-spirited; craven.
Recreate (v. t.) To give fresh life to; to reanimate; to revive; especially, to refresh after wearying toil or anxiety; to relieve; to cheer; to divert; to amuse; to gratify.
Recreation (n.) The act of recreating, or the state of being recreated; refreshment of the strength and spirits after toil; amusement; diversion; sport; pastime.
Recreative (a.) Tending to recreate or refresh; recreating; giving new vigor or animation; reinvigorating; giving relief after labor or pain; amusing; diverting.
Recrement (n.) Superfluous matter separated from that which is useful; dross; scoria; as, the recrement of ore.
Recriminate (v. i.) To return one charge or accusation with another; to charge back fault or crime upon an accuser.
Recrimination (n.) The act of recriminating; an accusation brought by the accused against the accuser; a counter accusation.
Recrudescent (a.) Breaking out again after temporary abatement or supression; as, a recrudescent epidemic.
Recruit (v. i.) To gain new supplies of anything wasted; to gain health, flesh, spirits, or the like; to recuperate; as, lean cattle recruit in fresh pastures.
Recruit (v. i.) To gain new supplies of men for military or other service; to raise or enlist new soldiers; to enlist troops.
Recruit (v. t.) Hence, to restore the wasted vigor of; to renew in strength or health; to reinvigorate.
Recruit (v. t.) To repair by fresh supplies, as anything wasted; to remedy lack or deficiency in; as, food recruits the flesh; fresh air and exercise recruit the spirits.
Recruit (v. t.) To supply with new men, as an army; to fill up or make up by enlistment; as, he recruited two regiments; the army was recruited for a campaign; also, to muster; to enlist; as, he recruited fifty men.
Recti- () A combining form signifying straight; as, rectilineal, having straight lines; rectinerved.
Rectifiable (a.) Admitting, as a curve, of the construction of a straight l//e equal in length to any definite portion of the curve.
Rectification (n.) The act or operation of rectifying; as, the rectification of an error; the rectification of spirits.
Rectificator (n.) That which rectifies or refines; esp., a part of a distilling apparatus in which the more volatile portions are separated from the less volatile by the process of evaporation and condensation; a rectifier.
Rectifier (n.) Specifically: (a) (Naut.) An instrument used for determining and rectifying the variations of the compass on board ship. (b) (Chem.) A rectificator.
Rectify (v. t.) To make or set right; to correct from a wrong, erroneous, or false state; to amend; as, to rectify errors, mistakes, or abuses; to rectify the will, the judgment, opinions; to rectify disorders.
Rectify (v. t.) To produce ( as factitious gin or brandy) by redistilling low wines or ardent spirits (whisky, rum, etc.), flavoring substances, etc., being added.
Rectify (v. t.) To refine or purify by repeated distillation or sublimation, by which the fine parts of a substance are separated from the grosser; as, to rectify spirit of wine.
Rectilinear (a.) Straight; consisting of a straight line or lines; bounded by straight lines; as, a rectineal angle; a rectilinear figure or course.
Rectiserial (a.) Arranged in exactly vertical ranks, as the leaves on stems of many kinds; -- opposed to curviserial.
Rectitude (n.) Rightness of principle or practice; exact conformity to truth, or to the rules prescribed for moral conduct, either by divine or human laws; uprightness of mind; uprightness; integrity; honesty; justice.
Recto- () A combining form indicating connection with, or relation to, the rectum; as, recto-vesical.
Rector (n.) A clergyman who has the charge and cure of a parish, and has the tithes, etc.; the clergyman of a parish where the tithes are not impropriate. See the Note under Vicar.
Rector (n.) The chief elective officer of some universities, as in France and Scotland; sometimes, the head of a college; as, the Rector of Exeter College, or of Lincoln College, at Oxford.
Rector (n.) The superior officer or chief of a convent or religious house; and among the Jesuits the superior of a house that is a seminary or college.
Rectory (n.) The province of a rector; a parish church, parsonage, or spiritual living, with all its rights, tithes, and glebes.
Rectum (n.) The terminal part of the large intestine; -- so named because supposed by the old anatomists to be straight. See Illust. under Digestive.
Recumbent (a.) Leaning; reclining; lying; as, the recumbent posture of the Romans at their meals. Hence, figuratively; Resting; inactive; idle.
Recur (v. i.) To occur at a stated interval, or according to some regular rule; as, the fever will recur to-night.
Recurvation (n.) The act of recurving, or the state of being recurved; a bending or flexure backward.
Recurved (a.) Curved in an opposite or uncommon direction; bent back; as, a bird with a recurved bill; flowers with recurved petals.
Recusant (a.) Obstinate in refusal; specifically, in English history, refusing to acknowledge the supremacy of the king in the churc, or to conform to the established rites of the church; as, a recusant lord.
Recusant (n.) A person who refuses to acknowledge the supremacy of the king in matters of religion; as, a Roman Catholic recusant, who acknowledges the supremacy of the pope.
Recusant (n.) One who is obstinate in refusal; one standing out stubbornly against general practice or opinion.
Recusation (n.) The act of refusing a judge or challenging that he shall not try the cause, on account of his supposed partiality.
Recuse (v. t.) To refuse or reject, as a judge; to challenge that the judge shall not try the cause.
Red (n.) The color of blood, or of that part of the spectrum farthest from violet, or a tint resembling these.
Red (superl.) Of the color of blood, or of a tint resembling that color; of the hue of that part of the rainbow, or of the solar spectrum, which is furthest from the violet part.
Red (v. t.) To put on order; to make tidy; also, to free from entanglement or embarrassement; -- generally with up; as, to red up a house.
Red-gum (n.) An eruption of red pimples upon the face, neck, and arms, in early infancy; tooth rash; strophulus.
Red-handed (a. / adv.) Having hands red with blood; in the very act, as if with red or bloody hands; -- said of a person taken in the act of homicide; hence, fresh from the commission of crime; as, he was taken red-hand or red-handed.
Red-hot (a.) Red with heat; heated to redness; as, red-hot iron; red-hot balls. Hence, figuratively, excited; violent; as, a red-hot radical.
Redact (v. t.) To reduce to form, as literary matter; to digest and put in shape (matter for publication); to edit.
Redan (n.) A work having two parapets whose faces unite so as to form a salient angle toward the enemy.
Redbreast (n.) The knot, or red-breasted snipe; -- called also robin breast, and robin snipe. See Knot.
Redbud (n.) A small ornamental leguminous tree of the American species of the genus Cercis. See Judas tree, under Judas.
Reddendum (n.) A clause in a deed by which some new thing is reserved out of what had been granted before; the clause by which rent is reserved in a lease.
Redeem (v. t.) Hence, to rescue and deliver from the bondage of sin and the penalties of God's violated law.
Redeem (v. t.) To pay the penalty of; to make amends for; to serve as an equivalent or offset for; to atone for; to compensate; as, to redeem an error.
Redeem (v. t.) To purchase back; to regain possession of by payment of a stipulated price; to repurchase.
Redeem (v. t.) To ransom, liberate, or rescue from captivity or bondage, or from any obligation or liability to suffer or to be forfeited, by paying a price or ransom; to ransom; to rescue; to recover; as, to redeem a captive, a pledge, and the like.
Redeem (v. t.) To recall, as an estate, or to regain, as mortgaged property, by paying what may be due by force of the mortgage.
Redeem (v. t.) To regain by performing the obligation or condition stated; to discharge the obligation mentioned in, as a promissory note, bond, or other evidence of debt; as, to redeem bank notes with coin.
Redeemable (a.) Capable of being redeemed; subject to repurchase; held under conditions permitting redemption; as, a pledge securing the payment of money is redeemable.
Redeemable (a.) Subject to an obligation of redemtion; conditioned upon a promise of redemtion; payable; due; as, bonds, promissory notes, etc. , redeemabble in gold, or in current money, or four months after date.
Redemise (n.) The transfer of an estate back to the person who demised it; reconveyance; as, the demise and redemise of an estate. See under Demise.
Redemptioner (n.) Formerly, one who, wishing to emigrate from Europe to America, sold his services for a stipulated time to pay the expenses of his passage.
Redemptionist (n.) A monk of an order founded in 1197; -- so called because the order was especially devoted to the redemption of Christians held in captivity by the Mohammedans. Called also Trinitarian.
Redfin (n.) A small North American dace (Minnilus cornutus, or Notropis megalops). The male, in the breeding season, has bright red fins. Called also red dace, and shiner. Applied also to Notropis ardens, of the Mississippi valley.
Redhibition (n.) The annulling of a sale, and the return by the buyer of the article sold, on account of some defect.
Redhorn (n.) Any species of a tribe of butterflies (Fugacia) including the common yellow species and the cabbage butterflies. The antennae are usually red.
Redintegration (n.) The law that objects which have been previously combined as part of a single mental state tend to recall or suggest one another; -- adopted by many philosophers to explain the phenomena of the association of ideas.
Redirect (a.) Applied to the examination of a witness, by the party calling him, after the cross-examination.
Redisseizin (n.) A disseizin by one who once before was adjudged to have dassezed the same person of the same lands, etc.; also, a writ which lay in such a case.
Redmouth (n.) Any one of several species of marine food fishes of the genus Diabasis, or Haemulon, of the Southern United States, having the inside of the mouth bright red. Called also flannelmouth, and grunt.
Redolent (a.) Diffusing odor or fragrance; spreading sweet scent; scented; odorous; smelling; -- usually followed by of.
Redouble (v. i.) To become greatly or repeatedly increased; to be multiplied; to be greatly augmented; as, the noise redoubles.
Redouble (v. t.) To double again or repeatedly; to increase by continued or repeated additions; to augment greatly; to multiply.
Redoubt (n.) A small, and usually a roughly constructed, fort or outwork of varying shape, commonly erected for a temporary purpose, and without flanking defenses, -- used esp. in fortifying tops of hills and passes, and positions in hostile territory.
Redoubt (n.) In permanent works, an outwork placed within another outwork. See F and i in Illust. of Ravelin.
Redoubtable (a.) Formidable; dread; terrible to foes; as, a redoubtable hero; hence, valiant; -- often in contempt or burlesque.
Redound (v. i.) To roll back, as a wave or flood; to be sent or driven back; to flow back, as a consequence or effect; to conduce; to contribute; to result.
Redowa (n.) A Bohemian dance of two kinds, one in triple time, like a waltz, the other in two-four time, like a polka. The former is most in use.
Redraft (n.) A new bill of exchange which the holder of a protected bill draws on the drawer or indorsers, in order to recover the amount of the protested bill with costs and charges.
Redraw (v. i.) To draw a new bill of exchange, as the holder of a protested bill, on the drawer or indorsers.
Redress (n.) A setting right, as of wrong, injury, or opression; as, the redress of grievances; hence, relief; remedy; reparation; indemnification.
Redress (v. t.) To make amends or compensation to; to relieve of anything unjust or oppressive; to bestow relief upon.
Redress (v. t.) To set right, as a wrong; to repair, as an injury; to make amends for; to remedy; to relieve from.
Redroot (n.) A name of several plants having red roots, as the New Jersey tea (see under Tea), the gromwell, the bloodroot, and the Lachnanthes tinctoria, an endogenous plant found in sandy swamps from Rhode Island to Florida.
Redshank (n.) A bare-legged person; -- a contemptuous appellation formerly given to the Scotch Highlanders, in allusion to their bare legs.
Redshank (n.) A common Old World limicoline bird (Totanus calidris), having the legs and feet pale red. The spotted redshank (T. fuscus) is larger, and has orange-red legs. Called also redshanks, redleg, and clee.
Redskin (n.) A common appellation for a North American Indian; -- so called from the color of the skin.
Redstart (n.) An American fly-catching warbler (Setophaga ruticilla). The male is black, with large patches of orange-red on the sides, wings, and tail. The female is olive, with yellow patches.
Redstreak (n.) A kind of apple having the skin streaked with red and yellow, -- a favorite English cider apple.
Redthroat (n.) A small Australian singing bird (Phyrrholaemus brunneus). The upper parts are brown, the center of the throat red.
Redtop (n.) A kind of grass (Agrostis vulgaris) highly valued in the United States for pasturage and hay for cattle; -- called also English grass, and in some localities herd's grass. See Illustration in Appendix. The tall redtop is Triodia seslerioides.
Reduce (n.) To bring to a certain state or condition by grinding, pounding, kneading, rubbing, etc.; as, to reduce a substance to powder, or to a pasty mass; to reduce fruit, wood, or paper rags, to pulp.
Reduce (n.) To bring to terms; to humble; to conquer; to subdue; to capture; as, to reduce a province or a fort.
Reduce (n.) To change the form of a quantity or expression without altering its value; as, to reduce fractions to their lowest terms, to a common denominator, etc.
Reduce (n.) To restore to its proper place or condition, as a displaced organ or part; as, to reduce a dislocation, a fracture, or a hernia.
Reduction (n.) The act or process of reducing. See Reduce, v. t., 6. and To reduce an equation, To reduce an expression, under Reduce, v. t.
Reduction (v. t.) The act, process, or result of reducing; as, the reduction of iron from its ores; the reduction of aldehyde from alcohol.
Reduction (v. t.) The bringing of a syllogism in one of the so-called imperfect modes into a mode in the first figure.
Reduction (v. t.) The preparation of the facts and measurements of observations in order to deduce a general result.
Reduction (v. t.) The process of making a copy of something, as a figure, design, or draught, on a smaller scale, preserving the proper proportions.
Redundancy (n.) Surplusage inserted in a pleading which may be rejected by the court without impairing the validity of what remains.
Redundant (a.) Exceeding what is natural or necessary; superabundant; exuberant; as, a redundant quantity of bile or food.
Reduplicate (a.) Valvate with the margins curved outwardly; -- said of the /stivation of certain flowers.
Reduplication (n.) A figure in which the first word of a verse is the same as the last word of the preceding verse.
Reduplication (n.) The doubling of a stem or syllable (more or less modified), with the effect of changing the time expressed, intensifying the meaning, or making the word more imitative; also, the syllable thus added; as, L. tetuli; poposci.
Reduvid (n.) Any hemipterous insect of the genus Redivius, or family Reduvidae. They live by sucking the blood of other insects, and some species also attack man.
Redwood (n.) A gigantic coniferous tree (Sequoia sempervirens) of California, and its light and durable reddish timber. See Sequoia.
Redwood (n.) An East Indian dyewood, obtained from Pterocarpus santalinus, Caesalpinia Sappan, and several other trees.
Reecho (v. i.) To give echoes; to return back, or be reverberated, as an echo; to resound; to be resonant.
Reed (n.) A frame having parallel flat stripe of metal or reed, between which the warp threads pass, set in the swinging lathe or batten of a loom for beating up the weft; a sley. See Batten.
Reed (n.) A name given to many tall and coarse grasses or grasslike plants, and their slender, often jointed, stems, such as the various kinds of bamboo, and especially the common reed of Europe and North America (Phragmites communis).
Reed (n.) A small piece of cane or wood attached to the mouthpiece of certain instruments, and set in vibration by the breath. In the clarinet it is a single fiat reed; in the oboe and bassoon it is double, forming a compressed tube.
Reed (n.) One of the thin pieces of metal, the vibration of which produce the tones of a melodeon, accordeon, harmonium, or seraphine; also attached to certain sets or registers of pipes in an organ.
Reedbird (n.) One of several small Asiatic singing birds of the genera Sch/nicola and Eurycercus; -- called also reed babbler.
Reeding (n.) A small convex molding; a reed (see Illust. (i) of Molding); one of several set close together to decorate a surface; also, decoration by means of reedings; -- the reverse of fluting.
Reedling (n.) The European bearded titmouse (Panurus biarmicus); -- called also reed bunting, bearded pinnock, and lesser butcher bird.
Reef (n.) A chain or range of rocks lying at or near the surface of the water. See Coral reefs, under Coral.
Reef (n.) A large vein of auriferous quartz; -- so called in Australia. Hence, any body of rock yielding valuable ore.
Reef (v. t.) That part of a sail which is taken in or let out by means of the reef points, in order to adapt the size of the sail to the force of the wind.
Reef (v. t.) To reduce the extent of (as a sail) by roiling or folding a certain portion of it and making it fast to the yard or spar.
Reef-band (n.) A piece of canvas sewed across a sail to strengthen it in the part where the eyelet holes for reefing are made.
Reek (v. i.) To emit vapor, usually that which is warm and moist; to be full of fumes; to steam; to smoke; to exhale.
Reel (n.) A device consisting of radial arms with horizontal stats, connected with a harvesting machine, for holding the stalks of grain in position to be cut by the knives.
Reel (n.) A frame with radial arms, or a kind of spool, turning on an axis, on which yarn, threads, lines, or the like, are wound; as, a log reel, used by seamen; an angler's reel; a garden reel.
Reel (n.) A lively dance of the Highlanders of Scotland; also, the music to the dance; -- often called Scotch reel.
Reel (n.) A machine on which yarn is wound and measured into lays and hanks, -- for cotton or linen it is fifty-four inches in circuit; for worsted, thirty inches.
Reenforce (v. t.) To strengthen with new force, assistance, material, or support; as, to reenforce an argument; to reenforce a garment; especially, to strengthen with additional troops, as an army or a fort, or with additional ships, as a fleet.
Reenforce (v.) An additional thickness of canvas, cloth, or the like, around an eyelet, buttonhole, etc.
Reenforce (v.) That part of a cannon near the breech which is thicker than the rest of the piece, so as better to resist the force of the exploding powder. See Illust. of Cannon.
Reenforcement (n.) That which reenforces; additional force; especially, additional troops or force to augment the strength of any army, or ships to strengthen a navy or fleet.
Reenter (v. t.) To cut deeper, as engraved lines on a plate of metal, when the engraving has not been deep enough, or the plate has become worn in printing.
Reentering (n.) The process of applying additional colors, by applications of printing blocks, to patterns already partly colored.
Reentry (n.) A resuming or retaking possession of what one has lately foregone; -- applied especially to land; the entry by a lessor upon the premises leased, on failure of the tenant to pay rent or perform the covenants in the lease.
Reestablish (v. t.) To establish anew; to fix or confirm again; to restore; as, to reestablish a covenant; to reestablish health.
Reeve (n.) an officer, steward, bailiff, or governor; -- used chiefly in compounds; as, shirereeve, now written sheriff; portreeve, etc.
Reeve (v. t.) To pass, as the end of a pope, through any hole in a block, thimble, cleat, ringbolt, cringle, or the like.
Reexchange (n.) The expense chargeable on a bill of exchange or draft which has been dishonored in a foreign country, and returned to the country in which it was made or indorsed, and then taken up.
Refer (v. i.) To carry the mind or thought; to direct attention; as, the preacher referred to the late election.
Refer (v. i.) To direct inquiry for information or a guarantee of any kind, as in respect to one's integrity, capacity, pecuniary ability, and the like; as, I referred to his employer for the truth of his story.
Refer (v. i.) To have recourse; to apply; to appeal; to betake one's self; as, to refer to a dictionary.
Refer (v. i.) To have relation or reference; to relate; to point; as, the figure refers to a footnote.
Refer (v. t.) To place in or under by a mental or rational process; to assign to, as a class, a cause, source, a motive, reason, or ground of explanation; as, he referred the phenomena to electrical disturbances.
Referable (a.) Capable of being referred, or considered in relation to something else; assignable; ascribable.
Referee (n.) One to whom a thing is referred; a person to whom a matter in dispute has been referred, in order that he may settle it.
Reference (n.) One of whom inquires can be made as to the integrity, capacity, and the like, of another.
Reference (n.) That which refers to something; a specific direction of the attention; as, a reference in a text-book.
Reference (n.) The act of referring, or the state of being referred; as, reference to a chart for guidance.
Reference (n.) The act of submitting a matter in dispute to the judgment of one or more persons for decision.
Reference (n.) The process of sending any matter, for inquiry in a cause, to a master or other officer, in order that he may ascertain facts and report to the court.
Referendary (n.) Formerly, an officer of state charged with the duty of procuring and dispatching diplomas and decrees.
Referendum (n.) A diplomatic agent's note asking for instructions from his government concerning a particular matter or point.
Referendum (n.) The right to approve or reject by popular vote a meassure passed upon by a legislature.
Referential (a.) Containing a reference; pointing to something out of itself; as, notes for referential use.
Refine (v. t.) To purify from what is gross, coarse, vulgar, inelegant, low, and the like; to make elegant or exellent; to polish; as, to refine the manners, the language, the style, the taste, the intellect, or the moral feelings.
Refine (v. t.) To reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state; to free from impurities; to free from dross or alloy; to separate from extraneous matter; to purify; to defecate; as, to refine gold or silver; to refine iron; to refine wine or sugar.
Refined (a.) Freed from impurities or alloy; purifed; polished; cultured; delicate; as; refined gold; refined language; refined sentiments.
Refinement (n.) That which is refined, elaborated, or polished to excess; an affected subtilty; as, refinements of logic.
Refinement (n.) The act of refining, or the state of being refined; as, the refinement or metals; refinement of ideas.
Refit (v. t.) To fit or prepare for use again; to repair; to restore after damage or decay; as, to refit a garment; to refit ships of war.
Reflect (v.) To bend back; to give a backwa/d turn to; to throw back; especially, to cause to return after striking upon any surface; as, a mirror reflects rays of light; polished metals reflect heat.
Reflecting (a.) Given to reflection or serious consideration; reflective; contemplative; as, a reflecting mind.
Reflection (n.) Result of meditation; thought or opinion after attentive consideration or contemplation; especially, thoughts suggested by truth.
Reflection (n.) The return of rays, beams, sound, or the like, from a surface. See Angle of reflection, below.
Reflection (n.) The transference of an excitement from one nerve fiber to another by means of the nerve cells, as in reflex action. See Reflex action, under Reflex.
Reflector (n.) Something having a polished surface for reflecting light or heat, as a mirror, a speculum, etc.
Reflex (a.) Of, pertaining to, or produced by, stimulus or excitation without the necessary intervention of consciousness.
Reflexibility (n.) The quality or capability of being reflexible; as, the reflexibility of the rays of light.
Reflexive (a.) Having for its direct object a pronoun which refers to the agent or subject as its antecedent; -- said of certain verbs; as, the witness perjured himself; I bethought myself. Applied also to pronouns of this class; reciprocal; reflective.
Reflorescence (n.) A blossoming anew of a plant after it has apparently ceased blossoming for the season.
Reflux (n.) A flowing back, as the return of a fluid; ebb; reaction; as, the flux and reflux of the tides.
Reform (n.) Amendment of what is defective, vicious, corrupt, or depraved; reformation; as, reform of elections; reform of government.
Reform (v. i.) To return to a good state; to amend or correct one's own character or habits; as, a man of settled habits of vice will seldom reform.
Reform (v. t.) To put into a new and improved form or condition; to restore to a former good state, or bring from bad to good; to change from worse to better; to amend; to correct; as, to reform a profligate man; to reform corrupt manners or morals.
Reformado (v. t.) An officer who, in disgrace, is deprived of his command, but retains his rank, and sometimes his pay.
Reformation (n.) Specifically (Eccl. Hist.), the important religious movement commenced by Luther early in the sixteenth century, which resulted in the formation of the various Protestant churches.
Reformation (n.) The act of reforming, or the state of being reformed; change from worse to better; correction or amendment of life, manners, or of anything vicious or corrupt; as, the reformation of manners; reformation of the age; reformation of abuses.
Reformed (a.) Retained in service on half or full pay after the disbandment of the company or troop; -- said of an officer.
Reformer (n.) One of those who commenced the reformation of religion in the sixteenth century, as Luther, Melanchthon, Zwingli, and Calvin.
Reformer (n.) One who effects a reformation or amendment; one who labors for, or urges, reform; as, a reformer of manners, or of abuses.
Refraction (n.) The change in the direction of ray of light, heat, or the like, when it enters obliquely a medium of a different density from that through which it has previously moved.
Refraction (n.) The correction which is to be deducted from the apparent altitude of a heavenly body on account of atmospheric refraction, in order to obtain the true altitude.
Refractive (a.) Serving or having power to refract, or turn from a direct course; pertaining to refraction; as, refractive surfaces; refractive powers.
Refractor (n.) A refracting telescope, in which the image to be viewed is formed by the refraction of light in passing through a convex lens.
Refractory (a.) Obstinate in disobedience; contumacious; stubborn; unmanageable; as, a refractory child; a refractory beast.
Refractory (a.) Resisting ordinary treatment; difficult of fusion, reduction, or the like; -- said especially of metals and the like, which do not readily yield to heat, or to the hammer; as, a refractory ore.
Refractory (n.) OPottery) A piece of ware covered with a vaporable flux and placed in a kiln, to communicate a glaze to the other articles.
Refrain (v. i.) To keep one's self from action or interference; to hold aloof; to forbear; to abstain.
Refrain (v.) The burden of a song; a phrase or verse which recurs at the end of each of the separate stanzas or divisions of a poetic composition.
Refrangible (a.) Capable of being refracted, or turned out of a direct course, in passing from one medium to another, as rays of light.
Refresh (a.) To make fresh again; to restore strength, spirit, animation, or the like, to; to relieve from fatigue or depression; to reinvigorate; to enliven anew; to reanimate; as, sleep refreshes the body and the mind.
Refresher (n.) An extra fee paid to counsel in a case that has been adjourned from one term to another, or that is unusually protracted.
Refreshment (n.) That which refreshes; means of restoration or reanimation; especially, an article of food or drink.
Refreshment (n.) The act of refreshing, or the state of being refreshed; restoration of strength, spirit, vigor, or liveliness; relief after suffering; new life or animation after depression.
Refrigerant (n.) That which makes to be cool or cold; specifically, a medicine or an application for allaying fever, or the symptoms of fever; -- used also figuratively.
Refrigerator (n.) An apparatus for rapidly cooling heated liquids or vapors, connected with a still, etc.
Refrigeratory (n.) In distillation, a vessel filled with cold water, surrounding the worm, the vapor in which is thereby condensed.
Refringency (n.) The power possessed by a substance to refract a ray; as, different substances have different refringencies.
Refringent (a.) Pertaining to, or possessing, refringency; refractive; refracting; as, a refringent prism of spar.
Refuge (n.) That which shelters or protects from danger, or from distress or calamity; a stronghold which protects by its strength, or a sanctuary which secures safety by its sacredness; a place inaccessible to an enemy.
Refugee (n.) Especially, one who, in times of persecution or political commotion, flees to a foreign power or country for safety; as, the French refugees who left France after the revocation of the edict of Nantes.
Refulgent (a.) Casting a bright light; radiant; brilliant; resplendent; shining; splendid; as, refulgent beams.
Refund (v. t.) To fund again or anew; to replace (a fund or loan) by a new fund; as, to refund a railroad loan.
Refusal (n.) The act of refusing; denial of anything demanded, solicited, or offered for acceptance.
Refusal (n.) The right of taking in preference to others; the choice of taking or refusing; option; as, to give one the refusal of a farm; to have the refusal of an employment.
Refuse (v. t.) To decline to accept; to reject; to deny the request or petition of; as, to refuse a suitor.
Refuse (v. t.) To throw back, or cause to keep back (as the center, a wing, or a flank), out of the regular aligment when troops ar/ about to engage the enemy; as, to refuse the right wing while the left wing attacks.
Refutation (n.) The act or process of refuting or disproving, or the state of being refuted; proof of falsehood or error; the overthrowing of an argument, opinion, testimony, doctrine, or theory, by argument or countervailing proof.
Refute (v. t.) To disprove and overthrow by argument, evidence, or countervailing proof; to prove to be false or erroneous; to confute; as, to refute arguments; to refute testimony; to refute opinions or theories; to refute a disputant.
Regain (v. t.) To gain anew; to get again; to recover, as what has escaped or been lost; to reach again.
Regal (n.) A small portable organ, played with one hand, the bellows being worked with the other, -- used in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
Regale (v. t.) To enerta/n in a regal or sumptuous manner; to enrtertain with something that delights; to gratify; to refresh; as, to regale the taste, the eye, or the ear.
Regalia (n. pl.) Hence, decorations or insignia of an office or order, as of Freemasons, Odd Fellows,etc.
Regalia (n. pl.) That which belongs to royalty. Specifically: (a) The rights and prerogatives of a king. (b) Royal estates and revenues. (c) Ensings, symbols, or paraphernalia of royalty.
Regalia (n.) A kind of cigar of large size and superior quality; also, the size in which such cigars are classed.
Regard (v. t.) State of being regarded, whether favorably or otherwise; estimation; repute; note; account.
Regard (v. t.) That view of the mind which springs from perception of value, estimable qualities, or anything that excites admiration; respect; esteem; reverence; affection; as, to have a high regard for a person; -- often in the plural.
Regard (v. t.) To consider and treat; to have a certain feeling toward; as, to regard one with favor or dislike.
Regard (v. t.) To have relation to, as bearing upon; to respect; to relate to; to touch; as, an argument does not regard the question; -- often used impersonally; as, I agree with you as regards this or that.
Regard (v. t.) To look closely at; to observe attentively; to pay attention to; to notice or remark particularly.
Regard (v. t.) To look upon, as in a certain relation; to hold as an popinion; to consider; as, to regard abstinence from wine as a duty; to regard another as a friend or enemy.
Regard (v. t.) To pay respect to; to treat as something of peculiar value, sanctity, or the like; to care for; to esteem.
Regardless (a.) Having no regard; heedless; careless; as, regardless of life, consequences, dignity.
Regatta (n.) Originally, a gondola race in Venice; now, a rowing or sailing race, or a series of such races.
Regency (a.) A body of men intrusted with vicarious government; as, a regency constituted during a king's minority, absence from the kingdom, or other disability.
Regency (a.) Especially, the office, jurisdiction, or dominion of a regent or vicarious ruler, or of a body of regents; deputed or vicarious government.
Regenerate (a.) Born anew; become Christian; renovated in heart; changed from a natural to a spiritual state.
Regenerate (v. t.) Hence, to make a radical change for the better in the character or condition of; as, to regenerate society.
Regenerate (v. t.) To cause to be spiritually born anew; to cause to become a Christian; to convert from sin to holiness; to implant holy affections in the heart of.
Regenerate (v. t.) To generate or produce anew; to reproduce; to give new life, strength, or vigor to.
Regeneration (n.) The entering into a new spiritual life; the act of becoming, or of being made, Christian; that change by which holy affectations and purposes are substituted for the opposite motives in the heart.
Regeneration (n.) The reproduction of a part which has been removed or destroyed; re-formation; -- a process especially characteristic of a many of the lower animals; as, the regeneration of lost feelers, limbs, and claws by spiders and crabs.
Regeneration (n.) The union of parts which have been severed, so that they become anatomically perfect; as, the regeneration of a nerve.
Regenerative (a.) Of or pertaining to regeneration; tending to regenerate; as, regenerative influences.
Regent (a.) A resident master of arts of less than five years' standing, or a doctor of less than twwo. They were formerly privileged to lecture in the schools.
Regent (a.) Especially, one invested with vicarious authority; one who governs a kingdom in the minority, absence, or disability of the sovereign.
Regent (a.) One of a governing board; a trustee or overseer; a superintendent; a curator; as, the regents of the Smithsonian Institution.
Regicidal (a.) Pertaining to regicide, or to one committing it; having the nature of, or resembling, regicide.
Regicide (n.) One who kills or who murders a king; specifically (Eng.Hist.), one of the judges who condemned Charles I. to death.
Regime (n.) Mode or system of rule or management; character of government, or of the prevailing social system.
Regimen (n.) A syntactical relation between words, as when one depends on another and is regulated by it in respect to case or mood; government.
Regimen (n.) a systematic course of diet, etc., pursed with a view to improving or preserving the health, or for the purpose of attaining some particular effect, as a reduction of flesh; -- sometimes used synonymously with hygiene.
Regimen (n.) Any regulation or remedy which is intended to produce beneficial effects by gradual operation
Regiment (n.) A body of men, either horse, foot, or artillery, commanded by a colonel, and consisting of a number of companies, usually ten.
Regimentals (n. pl.) The uniform worn by the officers and soldiers of a regiment; military dress; -- formerly used in the singular in the same sense.
Region (n.) One of the grand districts or quarters into which any space or surface, as of the earth or the heavens, is conceived of as divided; hence, in general, a portion of space or territory of indefinite extent; country; province; district; tract.
Region (n.) Tract, part, or space, lying about and including anything; neighborhood; vicinity; sphere.
Register (n.) A contrivance for automatically noting the performance of a machine or the rapidity of a process.
Register (n.) A machine for registering automatically the number of persons passing through a gateway, fares taken, etc.; a telltale.
Register (n.) A record containing a list and description of the merchant vessels belonging to a port or customs district.
Register (n.) A written account or entry; an official or formal enumeration, description, or record; a memorial record; a list or roll; a schedule.
Register (n.) One who registers or records; a registrar; a recorder; especially, a public officer charged with the duty of recording certain transactions or events; as, a register of deeds.
Register (n.) The correspondence of pages, columns, or lines on the opposite or reverse sides of the sheet.
Register (n.) The correspondence or adjustment of the several impressions in a design which is printed in parts, as in chromolithographic printing, or in the manufacture of paper hangings. See Register, v. i. 2.
Register (n.) To enter in a register; to record formally and distinctly, as for future use or service.
Register (v. i.) The compass of a voice or instrument; a specified portion of the compass of a voice, or a series of vocal tones of a given compass; as, the upper, middle, or lower register; the soprano register; the tenor register.
Registering (a.) Recording; -- applied to instruments; having an apparatus which registers; as, a registering thermometer. See Recording.
Registrant (n.) One who registers; esp., one who , by virtue of securing an official registration, obtains a certain right or title of possession, as to a trade-mark.
Registrar (n.) One who registers; a recorder; a keeper of records; as, a registrar of births, deaths, and marriages. See Register, n., 3.
Reglet (n.) A flat, narrow molding, used chiefly to separate the parts or members of compartments or panels from one another, or doubled, turned, and interlaced so as to form knots, frets, or other ornaments. See Illust. (12) of Column.
Regma (n.) A kind of dry fruit, consisting of three or more cells, each which at length breaks open at the inner angle.
Regrate (v. t.) To buy in large quantities, as corn, provisions, etc., at a market or fair, with the intention of selling the same again, in or near the same place, at a higher price, -- a practice which was formerly treated as a public offense.
Regrate (v. t.) To remove the outer surface of, as of an old hewn stone, so as to give it a fresh appearance.
Regress (n.) The act of passing back; passage back; return; retrogression. "The progress or regress of man".
Regret (v. t.) To experience regret on account of; to lose or miss with a sense of regret; to feel sorrow or dissatisfaction on account of (the happening or the loss of something); as, to regret an error; to regret lost opportunities or friends.
Regular (a.) A member of any religious order or community who has taken the vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience, and who has been solemnly recognized by the church.
Regular (a.) Belonging to a monastic order or community; as, regular clergy, in distinction dfrom the secular clergy.
Regular (a.) Constituted, selected, or conducted in conformity with established usages, rules, or discipline; duly authorized; permanently organized; as, a regular meeting; a regular physican; a regular nomination; regular troops.
Regular (a.) Having all the parts of the same kind alike in size and shape; as, a regular flower; a regular sea urchin.
Regularity (n.) The condition or quality of being regular; as, regularity of outline; the regularity of motion.
Regulate (v. t.) To adjust by rule, method, or established mode; to direct by rule or restriction; to subject to governing principles or laws.
Regulate (v. t.) To adjust, or maintain, with respect to a desired rate, degree, or condition; as, to regulate the temperature of a room, the pressure of steam, the speed of a machine, etc.
Regulate (v. t.) To put in good order; as, to regulate the disordered state of a nation or its finances.
Regulation (n.) A rule or order prescribed for management or government; prescription; a regulating principle; a governing direction; precept; law; as, the regulations of a society or a school.
Regulative (a.) Necessarily assumed by the mind as fundamental to all other knowledge; furnishing fundamental principles; as, the regulative principles, or principles a priori; the regulative faculty.
Regulator (n.) A clock, or other timepiece, used as a standard of correct time. See Astronomical clock (a), under Clock.
Regulator (n.) A member of a volunteer committee which, in default of the lawful authority, undertakes to preserve order and prevent crimes; also, sometimes, one of a band organized for the comission of violent crimes.
Regulize (v. t.) To reduce to regulus; to separate, as a metal from extraneous matter; as, to regulize antimony.
Regulus (n.) A star of the first magnitude in the constellation Leo; -- called also the Lion's Heart.
Regulus (n.) The button, globule, or mass of metal, in a more or less impure state, which forms in the bottom of the crucible in smelting and reduction of ores.
Regurgitate (v. t.) To throw or pour back, as from a deep or hollow place; to pour or throw back in great quantity.
Regurgitation (n.) the reversal of the natural direction in which the current or contents flow through a tube or cavity of the body.
Rehearsal (n.) The act of rehearsing; recital; narration; repetition; specifically, a private recital, performance, or season of practice, in preparation for a public exhibition or exercise.
Rehearse (v. t.) To recite or repeat in private for experiment and improvement, before a public representation; as, to rehearse a tragedy.
Reichsrath (n.) The parliament of Austria (exclusive of Hungary, which has its own diet, or parliament). It consists of an Upper and a Lower House, or a House of Lords and a House of Representatives.
Reichstag (n.) The Diet, or House of Representatives, of the German empire, which is composed of members elected for a term of three years by the direct vote of the people. See Bundesrath.
Reigle (n.) A hollow cut or channel for quiding anything; as, the reigle of a side post for a flood gate.
Reign (n.) The time during which a king, queen, or emperor possesses the supreme authority; as, it happened in the reign of Elizabeth.
Reign (n.) To possess or exercise sovereign power or authority; to exercise government, as a king or emperor;; to hold supreme power; to rule.
Reim (n.) A strip of oxhide, deprived of hair, and rendered pliable, -- used for twisting into ropes, etc.
Reimburse (v. t.) To make restoration or payment of an equivalent to (a person); to pay back to; to indemnify; -- often reflexive; as, to reimburse one's self by successful speculation.
Reimburse (v. t.) To replace in a treasury or purse, as an equivalent for what has been taken, lost, or expended; to refund; to pay back; to restore; as, to reimburse the expenses of a war.
Rein (n.) Hence, an instrument or means of curbing, restraining, or governing; government; restraint.
Rein (n.) The strap of a bridle, fastened to the curb or snaffle on each side, by which the rider or driver governs the horse.
Reindeer (n.) Any ruminant of the genus Rangifer, of the Deer family, found in the colder parts of both the Eastern and Western hemispheres, and having long irregularly branched antlers, with the brow tines palmate.
Reins (n. pl.) The inward impulses; the affections and passions; -- so called because formerly supposed to have their seat in the part of the body where the kidneys are.
Reinstate (v. t.) To place again in possession, or in a former state; to restore to a state from which one had been removed; to instate again; as, to reinstate a king in the possession of the kingdom.
Reinsurance (n.) A contract by which an insurer is insured wholly or in part against the risk he has incurred in insuring somebody else. See Reassurance.
Reinsure (v. t.) To insure, as life or property, in favor of one who has taken an insurance risk upon it.
Reintegrate (v. t.) To renew with regard to any state or quality; to restore; to bring again together into a whole, as the parts off anything; to reestablish; as, to reintegrate a nation.
Reis (n.) The word is used as a Portuguese designation of money of account, one hundred reis being about equal in value to eleven cents.
Reis Effendi () A title formerly given to one of the chief Turkish officers of state. He was chancellor of the empire, etc.
Reissner's membrane () The thin membrane which separates the canal of the cochlea from the vestibular scala in the internal ear.
Reiterative (n.) A word formed from another, or used to form another, by repetition; as, dillydally.
Reject (v. t.) To refuse to receive or to acknowledge; to decline haughtily or harshly; to repudiate.
Rejoice (v. i.) To feel joy; to experience gladness in a high degree; to have pleasurable satisfaction; to be delighted.
Rejoint (v. t.) Specifically (Arch.), to fill up the joints of, as stones in buildings when the mortar has been dislodged by age and the action of the weather.
Rejuvenescence (n.) A method of cell formation in which the entire protoplasm of an old cell escapes by rupture of the cell wall, and then develops a new cell wall. It is seen sometimes in the formation of zoospores, etc.
Relais (n.) A narrow space between the foot of the rampart and the scarp of the ditch, serving to receive the earth that may crumble off or be washed down, and prevent its falling into the ditch.
Relapse (v.) A sliding or falling back, especially into a former bad state, either of body or morals; backsliding; the state of having fallen back.
Relapse (v.) One who has relapsed, or fallen back, into error; a backslider; specifically, one who, after recanting error, returns to it again.
Relate (v. i.) To stand in some relation; to have bearing or concern; to pertain; to refer; -- with to.
Related (p. p. & a.) Allied by kindred; connected by blood or alliance, particularly by consanguinity; as, persons related in the first or second degree.
Related (p. p. & a.) Standing in relation or connection; as, the electric and magnetic forcec are closely related.
Relation (n.) Connection by consanguinity or affinity; kinship; relationship; as, the relation of parents and children.
Relation (n.) The act of relating or telling; also, that which is related; recital; account; narration; narrative; as, the relation of historical events.
Relation (n.) The carrying back, and giving effect or operation to, an act or proceeding frrom some previous date or time, by a sort of fiction, as if it had happened or begun at that time. In such case the act is said to take effect by relation.
Relative (a.) Arising from relation; resulting from connection with, or reference to, something else; not absolute.
Relative (a.) Characterizing or pertaining to chords and keys, which, by reason of the identify of some of their tones, admit of a natural transition from one to the other.
Relative (a.) Having relation or reference; referring; respecting; standing in connection; pertaining; as, arguments not relative to the subject.
Relative (n.) A person connected by blood or affinity; strictly, one allied by blood; a relation; a kinsman or kinswoman.
Relative (n.) A relative pronoun; a word which relates to, or represents, another word or phrase, called its antecedent; as, the relatives "who", "which", "that".
Relative (n.) One who, or that which, relates to, or is considered in its relation to, something else; a relative object or term; one of two object or term; one of two objects directly connected by any relation.
Relator (n.) A private person at whose relation, or in whose behalf, the attorney-general allows an information in the nature of a quo warranto to be filed.
Relax (n.) Hence, to relieve from attention or effort; to ease; to recreate; to divert; as, amusement relaxes the mind.
Relax (n.) To make lax or loose; to make less close, firm, rigid, tense, or the like; to slacken; to loosen; to open; as, to relax a rope or cord; to relax the muscles or sinews.
Relax (n.) To make less severe or rigorous; to abate the stringency of; to remit in respect to strenuousness, earnestness, or effort; as, to relax discipline; to relax one's attention or endeavors.
Relax (v. i.) To remit attention or effort; to become less diligent; to unbend; as, to relax in study.
Relaxation (n.) Remission from attention and effort; indulgence in recreation, diversion, or amusement.
Relaxation (n.) The act or process of relaxing, or the state of being relaxed; as, relaxation of the muscles; relaxation of a law.
Relay (n.) A supply of anything arranged beforehand for affording relief from time to time, or at successive stages; provision for successive relief.
Relay (n.) A supply of horses placced at stations to be in readiness to relieve others, so that a trveler may proceed without delay.
Relay (n.) A supply of hunting dogs or horses kept in readiness at certain places to relive the tired dogs or horses, and to continue the pursuit of the game if it comes that way.
Release (n.) A giving up or relinquishment of some right or claim; a conveyance of a man's right in lands or tenements to another who has some estate in possession; a quitclaim.
Release (n.) Discharge from obligation or responsibility, as from debt, penalty, or claim of any kind; acquittance.
Release (n.) The act of letting loose or freeing, or the state of being let loose or freed; liberation or discharge from restraint of any kind, as from confinement or bondage.
Release (n.) To let loose again; to set free from restraint, confinement, or servitude; to give liberty to, or to set at liberty; to let go.
Release (n.) To relieve from something that confines, burdens, or oppresses, as from pain, trouble, obligation, penalty.
Relegate (v. t.) To remove, usually to an inferior position; to consign; to transfer; specifically, to send into exile; to banish.
Relent (v. i.) To become less severe or intense; to become less hard, harsh, cruel, or the like; to soften in temper; to become more mild and tender; to feel compassion.
Relentless (a.) Unmoved by appeals for sympathy or forgiveness; insensible to the distresses of others; destitute of tenderness; unrelenting; unyielding; unpitying; as, a prey to relentless despotism.
Reliance (n.) Anything on which to rely; dependence; ground of trust; as, the boat was a poor reliance.
Reliance (n.) The act of relying, or the condition or quality of being reliant; dependence; confidence; trust; repose of mind upon what is deemed sufficient support or authority.
Relic (n.) Hence, a memorial; anything preserved in remembrance; as, relics of youthful days or friendships.
Relic (n.) That which remains; that which is left after loss or decay; a remaining portion; a remnant.
Relic (n.) The body from which the soul has departed; a corpse; especially, the body, or some part of the body, of a deceased saint or martyr; -- usually in the plural when referring to the whole body.
Reliction (n.) A leaving dry; a recession of the sea or other water, leaving dry land; land left uncovered by such recession.
Relief (n.) A fine or composition which the heir of a deceased tenant paid to the lord for the privilege of taking up the estate, which, on strict feudal principles, had lapsed or fallen to the lord on the death of the tenant.
Relief (n.) Release from a post, or from the performance of duty, by the intervention of others, by discharge, or by relay; as, a relief of a sentry.
Relief (n.) That which removes or lessens evil, pain, discomfort, uneasiness, etc.; that which gives succor, aid, or comfort; also, the person who relieves from performance of duty by taking the place of another; a relay.
Relief (n.) The act of relieving, or the state of being relieved; the removal, or partial removal, of any evil, or of anything oppressive or burdensome, by which some ease is obtained; succor; alleviation; comfort; ease; redress.
Relieve (v. t.) To cause to seem to rise; to put in relief; to give prominence or conspicuousness to; to set off by contrast.
Relieve (v. t.) To ease of any imposition, burden, wrong, or oppression, by judicial or legislative interposition, as by the removal of a grievance, by indemnification for losses, or the like; to right.
Relieve (v. t.) To free, wholly or partly, from any burden, trial, evil, distress, or the like; to give ease, comfort, or consolation to; to give aid, help, or succor to; to support, strengthen, or deliver; as, to relieve a besieged town.
Relieve (v. t.) To raise or remove, as anything which depresses, weighs down, or crushes; to render less burdensome or afflicting; to alleviate; to abate; to mitigate; to lessen; as, to relieve pain; to relieve the wants of the poor.
Relieve (v. t.) To raise up something in; to introduce a contrast or variety into; to remove the monotony or sameness of.
Relieve (v. t.) To release from a post, station, or duty; to put another in place of, or to take the place of, in the bearing of any burden, or discharge of any duty.
Religion (n.) A monastic or religious order subject to a regulated mode of life; the religious state; as, to enter religion.
Religion (n.) Specifically, conformity in faith and life to the precepts inculcated in the Bible, respecting the conduct of life and duty toward God and man; the Christian faith and practice.
Religion (n.) Strictness of fidelity in conforming to any practice, as if it were an enjoined rule of conduct.
Religious (a.) Of or pertaining to religion; concerned with religion; teaching, or setting forth, religion; set apart to religion; as, a religious society; a religious sect; a religious place; religious subjects, books, teachers, houses, wars.
Religious (a.) Possessing, or conforming to, religion; pious; godly; as, a religious man, life, behavior, etc.
Religious (n.) A person bound by monastic vows, or sequestered from secular concern, and devoted to a life of piety and religion; a monk or friar; a nun.
Relinquish (v. t.) To withdraw from; to leave behind; to desist from; to abandon; to quit; as, to relinquish a pursuit.
Relish (n.) A pleasing taste; flavor that gratifies the palate; hence, enjoyable quality; power of pleasing.
Relish (n.) That which is used to impart a flavor; specifically, something taken with food to render it more palatable or to stimulate the appetite; a condiment.
Relish (v. t.) To taste or eat with pleasure; to like the flavor of; to partake of with gratification; hence, to enjoy; to be pleased with or gratified by; to experience pleasure from; as, to relish food.
Reluct (v. i.) To strive or struggle against anything; to make resistance; to draw back; to feel or show repugnance or reluctance.
Reluctancy (n.) The state or quality of being reluctant; repugnance; aversion of mind; unwillingness; -- often followed by an infinitive, or by to and a noun, formerly sometimes by against.
Rely (v. i.) To rest with confidence, as when fully satisfied of the veracity, integrity, or ability of persons, or of the certainty of facts or of evidence; to have confidence; to trust; to depend; -- with on, formerly also with in.
Remain (n.) The posthumous works or productions, esp. literary works, of one who is dead; as, Cecil's
Remain (v. i.) To continue unchanged in place, form, or condition, or undiminished in quantity; to abide; to stay; to endure; to last.
Remain (v. i.) To stay behind while others withdraw; to be left after others have been removed or destroyed; to be left after a number or quantity has been subtracted or cut off; to be left as not included or comprised.
Remainder (n.) Anything that remains, or is left, after the separation and removal of a part; residue; remnant.
Remainder-man (n.) One who has an estate after a particular estate is determined. See Remainder, n., 3.
Remark (n.) The expression, in speech or writing, of something remarked or noticed; the mention of that which is worthy of attention or notice; hence, also, a casual observation, comment, or statement; as, a pertinent remark.
Remark (n.) To express in words or writing, as observed or noticed; to state; to say; -- often with a substantive clause; as, he remarked that it was time to go.
Remark (n.) To mark in a notable manner; to distinquish clearly; to make noticeable or conspicuous; to piont out.
Remarkable (a.) Worthy of being remarked or noticed; noticeable; conspicuous; hence, uncommon; extraordinary.
Remedial (a.) Affording a remedy; intended for a remedy, or for the removal or abatement of an evil; as, remedial treatment.
Remediless (a.) Not admitting of a remedy; incapable of being restored or corrected; incurable; irreparable; as, a remediless mistake or loss.
Remedy (n.) That which corrects or counteracts an evil of any kind; a corrective; a counteractive; reparation; cure; -- followed by for or against, formerly by to.
Remedy (n.) That which relieves or cures a disease; any medicine or application which puts an end to disease and restores health; -- with for; as, a remedy for the gout.
Remedy (n.) To apply a remedy to; to relieve; to cure; to heal; to repair; to redress; to correct; to counteract.
Remember (v. t.) To be capable of recalling when required; to keep in mind; to be continually aware or thoughtful of; to preserve fresh in the memory; to attend to; to think of with gratitude, affection, respect, or any other emotion.
Remember (v. t.) To recall to the mind of another, as in the friendly messages, remember me to him, he wishes to be remembered to you, etc.
Remembrance (n.) Power of remembering; reach of personal knowledge; period over which one's memory extends.
Remembrance (n.) That which serves to keep in or bring to mind; a memorial; a token; a memento; a souvenir; a memorandum or note of something to be remembered.
Remembrancer (n.) A term applied in England to several officers, having various functions, their duty originally being to bring certain matters to the attention of the proper persons at the proper time.
Remembrancer (n.) One who, or that which, serves to bring to, or keep in, mind; a memento; a memorial; a reminder.
Remind (v. t.) To put (one) in mind of something; to bring to the remembrance of; to bring to the notice or consideration of (a person).
Reminiscence (n.) That which is remembered, or recalled to mind; a statement or narration of remembered experience; a recollection; as, pleasing or painful reminiscences.
Reminiscence (n.) The act or power of recalling past experience; the state of being reminiscent; remembrance; memory.
Reminiscent (a.) Recalling to mind, or capable of recalling to mind; having remembrance; reminding one of something.
Remise (v. t.) To send, give, or grant back; to release a claim to; to resign or surrender by deed; to return.
Remiss (a.) Not energetic or exact in duty or business; not careful or prompt in fulfilling engagements; negligent; careless; tardy; behindhand; lagging; slack; hence, lacking earnestness or activity; languid; slow.
Remission (n.) A temporary and incomplete subsidence of the force or violence of a disease or of pain, as destinguished from intermission, in which the disease completely leaves the patient for a time; abatement.
Remission (n.) Discharge from that which is due; relinquishment of a claim, right, or obligation; pardon of transgression; release from forfeiture, penalty, debt, etc.
Remit (v. i.) To abate in force or in violence; to grow less intense; to become moderated; to abate; to relax; as, a fever remits; the severity of the weather remits.
Remit (v. t.) To send off or away; hence: (a) To refer or direct (one) for information, guidance, help, etc. "Remitting them . . . to the works of Galen." Sir T. Elyot. (b) To submit, refer, or leave (something) for judgment or decision.
Remit (v. t.) To transmit or send, esp. to a distance, as money in payment of a demand, account, draft, etc.; as, he remitted the amount by mail.
Remittance (n.) The act of transmitting money, bills, or the like, esp. to a distant place, as in satisfaction of a demand, or in discharge of an obligation.
Remittitur (n.) A remission or surrender, -- remittitur damnut being a remission of excess of damages.
Remnant (a.) That which remains after a part is removed, destroyed, used up, performed, etc.; residue.
Remonstrance (n.) Earnest presentation of reason in opposition to something; protest; expostulation.
Remonstrant (a.) Inclined or tending to remonstrate; expostulatory; urging reasons in opposition to something.
Remonstrant (n.) one of the Arminians who remonstrated against the attacks of the Calvinists in 1610, but were subsequently condemned by the decisions of the Synod of Dort in 1618. See Arminian.
Remonstrate (v. i.) To present and urge reasons in opposition to an act, measure, or any course of proceedings; to expostulate; as, to remonstrate with a person regarding his habits; to remonstrate against proposed taxation.
Remonstrate (v. t.) To point out; to show clearly; to make plain or manifest; hence, to prove; to demonstrate.
Remontant (a.) Rising again; -- applied to a class of roses which bloom more than once in a season; the hybrid perpetual roses, of which the Jacqueminot is a well-known example.
Remora (n.) Any one of several species of fishes belonging to Echeneis, Remora, and allied genera. Called also sucking fish.
Remorse (n.) The anguish, like gnawing pain, excited by a sense of guilt; compunction of conscience for a crime committed, or for the sins of one's past life.
Remorseless (a.) Being without remorse; having no pity; hence, destitute of sensibility; cruel; insensible to distress; merciless.
Remote (superl.) Hence, removed; not agreeing, according, or being related; -- in various figurative uses.
Remote (superl.) Removed to a distance; not near; far away; distant; -- said in respect to time or to place; as, remote ages; remote lands.
Remount (n.) The opportunity of, or things necessary for, remounting; specifically, a fresh horse, with his equipments; as, to give one a remount.
Remove (n.) The distance or space through which anything is removed; interval; distance; stage; hence, a step or degree in any scale of gradation; specifically, a division in an English public school; as, the boy went up two removes last year.
Remove (n.) The transfer of one's business, or of one's domestic belongings, from one location or dwelling house to another; -- in the United States usually called a move.
Remove (v. i.) To change place in any manner, or to make a change in place; to move or go from one residence, position, or place to another.
Remove (v. t.) To cause to leave a person or thing; to cause to cease to be; to take away; hence, to banish; to destroy; to put an end to; to kill; as, to remove a disease.
Remove (v. t.) To move away from the position occupied; to cause to change place; to displace; as, to remove a building.
Remunerate (v. t.) To pay an equivalent to for any service, loss, expense, or other sacrifice; to recompense; to requite; as, to remunerate men for labor.
Remuneration (n.) That which is given to remunerate; an equivalent given, as for services, loss, or sufferings.
Remunerative (a.) Affording remuneration; as, a remunerative payment for services; a remunerative business.
Renaissance (n.) The transitional movement in Europe, marked by the revival of classical learning and art in Italy in the 15th century, and the similar revival following in other countries.
Rencounter (n.) A causal combat or action; a sudden contest or fight without premeditation, as between individuals or small parties.
Rencounter (n.) A meeting of two persons or bodies; a collision; especially, a meeting in opposition or contest; a combat, action, or engagement.
Rencounter (v. i.) To meet unexpectedly; to encounter in a hostile manner; to come in collision; to skirmish.
Rend (v. t.) To separate into parts with force or sudden violence; to tear asunder; to split; to burst; as, powder rends a rock in blasting; lightning rends an oak.
Render (v. i.) To pass; to run; -- said of the passage of a rope through a block, eyelet, etc.; as, a rope renders well, that is, passes freely; also, to yield or give way.
Render (v. t.) To cause to be, or to become; as, to render a person more safe or more unsafe; to render a fortress secure.
Render (v. t.) To interpret; to set forth, represent, or exhibit; as, an actor renders his part poorly; a singer renders a passage of music with great effect; a painter renders a scene in a felicitous manner.
Render (v. t.) To try out or extract (oil, lard, tallow, etc.) from fatty animal substances; as, to render tallow.
Rendezvous (n.) Especially, the appointed place for troops, or for the ships of a fleet, to assemble; also, a place for enlistment.
Rendition (n.) The act of rendering; especially, the act of surrender, as of fugitives from justice, at the claim of a foreign government; also, surrender in war.
Renew (v. t.) Specifically, to substitute for (an old obligation or right) a new one of the same nature; to continue in force; to make again; as, to renew a lease, note, or patent.
Renew (v. t.) To make new again; to restore to freshness, perfection, or vigor; to give new life to; to rejuvenate; to re/stablish; to recreate; to rebuild.
Renne (v. t.) To plunder; -- only in the phrase "to rape and renne." See under Rap, v. t., to snatch.
Rennet (v.) The inner, or mucous, membrane of the fourth stomach of the calf, or other young ruminant; also, an infusion or preparation of it, used for coagulating milk.
Rennin (n.) A milk-clotting enzyme obtained from the true stomach (abomasum) of a suckling calf. Mol. wt. about 31,000. Also called chymosin, rennase, and abomasal enzyme.
Renounce (v. i.) To decline formally, as an executor or a person entitled to letters of administration, to take out probate or letters.
Renounce (v. t.) To declare against; to reject or decline formally; to refuse to own or acknowledge as belonging to one; to disclaim; as, to renounce a title to land or to a throne.
Renown (v.) The state of being much known and talked of; exalted reputation derived from the extensive praise of great achievements or accomplishments; fame; celebrity; -- always in a good sense.
Renowned (a.) Famous; celebrated for great achievements, for distinguished qualities, or for grandeur; eminent; as, a renowned king.
Rensselaerite (n.) A soft, compact variety of talc,, being an altered pyroxene. It is often worked in a lathe into inkstands and other articles.
Rent (n.) To grant the possession and enjoyment of, for a rent; to lease; as, the owwner of an estate or house rents it.
Rent (n.) To take and hold under an agreement to pay rent; as, the tennant rents an estate of the owner.
Rental (n.) A schedule, account, or list of rents, with the names of the tenants, etc.; a rent roll.
Rental (n.) A sum total of rents; as, an estate that yields a rental of ten thousand dollars a year.
Rente (n.) In France, interest payable by government on indebtedness; the bonds, shares, stocks, etc., which represent government indebtedness.
Renter (v. t.) To restore the original design of, by working in new warp; -- said with reference to tapestry.
Renter (v. t.) To sew together so that the seam is scarcely visible; to sew up with skill and nicety; to finedraw.
Renunciation (n.) Formal declination to take out letters of administration, or to assume an office, privilege, or right.
Renunciatory (a.) Pertaining to renunciation; containing or declaring a renunciation; as, renunciatory vows.
Reorganization (n.) The act of reorganizing; a reorganized existence; as, reorganization of the troops.
Rep (a.) Formed with a surface closely corded, or ribbed transversely; -- applied to textile fabrics of silk or wool; as, rep silk.
Rep (n.) A fabric made of silk or wool, or of silk and wool, and having a transversely corded or ribbed surface.
Rep-silver (n.) Money anciently paid by servile tenants to their lord, in lieu of the customary service of reaping his corn or grain.
Repair (n.) Condition with respect to soundness, perfectness, etc.; as, a house in good, or bad, repair; the book is out of repair.
Repair (n.) Restoration to a sound or good state after decay, waste, injury, or partial restruction; supply of loss; reparation; as, materials are collected for the repair of a church or of a city.
Repair (v. t.) To make amends for, as for an injury, by an equivalent; to indemnify for; as, to repair a loss or damage.
Repair (v. t.) To restore to a sound or good state after decay, injury, dilapidation, or partial destruction; to renew; to restore; to mend; as, to repair a house, a road, a shoe, or a ship; to repair a shattered fortune.
Reparable (a.) Capable of being repaired, restored to a sound or good state, or made good; restorable; as, a reparable injury.
Reparation (n.) The act of making amends or giving satisfaction or compensation for a wrong, injury, etc.; also, the thing done or given; amends; satisfaction; indemnity.
Reparation (n.) The act of renewing, restoring, etc., or the state of being renewed or repaired; as, the reparation of a bridge or of a highway; -- in this sense, repair is oftener used.
Repass (v. t.) To pass again; to pass or travel over in the opposite direction; to pass a second time; as, to repass a bridge or a river; to repass the sea.
Repay (v. t.) To make return or requital for; to recompense; -- in a good or bad sense; as, to repay kindness; to repay an injury.
Repayable (a.) Capable of being, or proper to be , repaid; due; as, a loan repayable in ten days; services repayable in kind.
Repeal (v. t.) To recall, as a deed, will, law, or statute; to revoke; to rescind or abrogate by authority, as by act of the legislature; as, to repeal a law.
Repealer (n.) One who repeals; one who seeks a repeal; specifically, an advocate for the repeal of the Articles of Union between Great Britain and Ireland.
Repeat (n.) A mark, or series of dots, placed before and after, or often only at the end of, a passage to be repeated in performance.
Repeat (n.) That which is repeated; as, the repeat of a pattern; that is, the repetition of the engraved figure on a roller by which an impression is produced (as in calico printing, etc.).
Repeat (v. t.) To go over again; to attempt, do, make, or utter again; to iterate; to recite; as, to repeat an effort, an order, or a poem.
Repeater (n.) A watch with a striking apparatus which, upon pressure of a spring, will indicate the time, usually in hours and quarters.
Repeater (n.) An instrument for resending a telegraphic message automatically at an intermediate point.
Repeating (a.) Doing the same thing over again; accomplishing a given result many times in succession; as, a repeating firearm; a repeating watch.
Repel (v. t.) To drive back; to force to return; to check the advance of; to repulse as, to repel an enemy or an assailant.
Repel (v. t.) To resist or oppose effectually; as, to repel an assault, an encroachment, or an argument.
Repent (v. i.) To be sorry for sin as morally evil, and to seek forgiveness; to cease to love and practice sin.
Repent (v. i.) To change the mind, or the course of conduct, on account of regret or dissatisfaction.
Repentance (n.) The act of repenting, or the state of being penitent; sorrow for what one has done or omitted to do; especially, contrition for sin.
Repercussion (n.) In a vaginal examination, the act of imparting through the uterine wall with the finger a shock to the fetus, so that it bounds upward, and falls back again against the examining finger.
Repercussion (n.) The act of driving back, or the state of being driven back; reflection; reverberation; as, the repercussion of sound.
Repercussive (a.) Tending or able to repercuss; having the power of sending back; causing to reverberate.
Repertoire (n.) A list of dramas, operas, pieces, parts, etc., which a company or a person has rehearsed and is prepared to perform.
Repertory (n.) A place in which things are disposed in an orderly manner, so that they can be easily found, as the index of a book, a commonplace book, or the like.
Repetend (n.) That part of a circulating decimal which recurs continually, ad infinitum: -- sometimes indicated by a dot over the first and last figures; thus, in the circulating decimal .728328328 + (otherwise .7/8/), the repetend is 283.
Repetition (n.) Reiteration, or repeating the same word, or the same sense in different words, for the purpose of making a deeper impression on the audience.
Repetition (n.) The act of repeating, singing, or playing, the same piece or part a second time; reiteration of a note.
Repine (v. i.) To continue pining; to feel inward discontent which preys on the spirits; to indulge in envy or complaint; to murmur.
Replaceable (a.) Admitting of having its place supplied by a like thing or an equivalent; as, the lost book is replaceable.
Replaceable (a.) Capable of being replaced (by), or of being exchanged (for); as, the hydrogen of acids is replaceable by metals or by basic radicals.
Replenish (v. t.) To fill again after having been diminished or emptied; to stock anew; hence, to fill completely; to cause to abound.
Replica (v. & n.) A copy of a work of art, as of a picture or statue, made by the maker of the original.
Replicated (a.) Folded over or backward; folded back upon itself; as, a replicate leaf or petal; a replicate margin of a shell.
Reply (v. i.) Figuratively, to do something in return for something done; as, to reply to a signal; to reply to the fire of a battery.
Reply (v. i.) That which is said, written, or done in answer to what is said, written, or done by another; an answer; a response.
Report (v. i.) To furnish in writing an account of a speech, the proceedings at a meeting, the particulars of an occurrence, etc., for publication.
Report (v. i.) To make a report, or response, in respect of a matter inquired of, a duty enjoined, or information expected; as, the committee will report at twelve o'clock.
Report (v. t.) A sketch, or a fully written account, of a speech, debate, or the proceedings of a public meeting, legislative body, etc.
Report (v. t.) A story or statement circulating by common talk; a rumor; hence, fame; repute; reputation.
Report (v. t.) An account or statement of a judicial opinion or decision, or of case argued and determined in a court of law, chancery, etc.; also, in the plural, the volumes containing such reports; as, Coke's Reports.
Report (v. t.) An account or statement of the results of examination or inquiry made by request or direction; relation.
Report (v. t.) To give an account of; to relate; to tell; to circulate publicly, as a story; as, in the common phrase, it is reported.
Report (v. t.) To give an official account or statement of; as, a treasurer reports the receipts and expenditures.
Report (v. t.) To make a statement of the conduct of, especially in an unfavorable sense; as, to report a servant to his employer.
Report (v. t.) To make minutes of, as a speech, or the doings of a public body; to write down from the lips of a speaker.
Report (v. t.) To return or present as the result of an examination or consideration of any matter officially referred; as, the committee reported the bill witth amendments, or reported a new bill, or reported the results of an inquiry.
Report (v. t.) To write an account of for publication, as in a newspaper; as, to report a public celebration or a horse race.
Reporter (n.) An officer or person who makes authorized statements of law proceedings and decisions, or of legislative debates.
Reporter (n.) One who reports speeches, the proceedings of public meetings, news, etc., for the newspapers.
Reportorial (a.) Of or pertaining to a reporter or reporters; as, the reportorial staff of a newspaper.
Repose (v.) Rest of mind; tranquillity; freedom from uneasiness; also, a composed manner or deportment.
Repose (v.) That harmony or moderation which affords rest for the eye; -- opposed to the scattering and division of a subject into too many unconnected parts, and also to anything which is overstrained; as, a painting may want repose.
Repose (v.) To cause to stop or to rest after motion; hence, to deposit; to lay down; to lodge; to reposit.
Repose (v.) To lay at rest; to cause to be calm or quiet; to compose; to rest, -- often reflexive; as, to repose one's self on a couch.
Reposit (v. t.) To cause to rest or stay; to lay away; to lodge, as for safety or preservation; to place; to store.
Repository (n.) A place where things are or may be reposited, or laid up, for safety or preservation; a depository.
Repousse (a.) Ornamented with patterns in relief made by pressing or hammering on the reverse side; -- said of thin metal, or of a vessel made of thin metal.
Reprehend (v. t.) To reprove or reprimand with a view of restraining, checking, or preventing; to make charge of fault against; to disapprove of; to chide; to blame; to censure.
Represent (v. t.) To bring a sensation of into the mind or sensorium; to cause to be known, felt, or apprehended; to present.
Represent (v. t.) To exhibit to another mind in language; to show; to give one's own impressions and judgement of; to bring before the mind; to set forth; sometimes, to give an account of; to describe.
Represent (v. t.) To form or image again in consciousness, as an object of cognition or apprehension (something which was originally apprehended by direct presentation). See Presentative, 3.
Represent (v. t.) To portray by mimicry or action of any kind; to act the part or character of; to personate; as, to represent Hamlet.
Represent (v. t.) To portray by pictoral or plastic art; to delineate; as, to represent a landscape in a picture, a horse in bronze, and the like.
Represent (v. t.) To present again or anew; to present by means of something standing in the place of; to exhibit the counterpart or image of; to typify.
Represent (v. t.) To serve as a sign or symbol of; as, mathematical symbols represent quantities or relations; words represent ideas or things.
Representation (n.) A description or statement; as, the representation of an historian, of a witness, or an advocate.
Representation (n.) A dramatic performance; as, a theatrical representation; a representation of Hamlet.
Representation (n.) A likeness, a picture, or a model; as, a representation of the human face, or figure, and the like.
Representation (n.) Any collateral statement of fact, made orally or in writing, by which an estimate of the risk is affected, or either party is influenced.
Representation (n.) The body of those who act as representatives of a community or society; as, the representation of a State in Congress.
Representative (a.) Bearing the character or power of another; acting for another or others; as, a council representative of the people.
Representative (a.) Conducted by persons chosen to represent, or act as deputies for, the people; as, a representative government.
Representative (a.) Giving, or existing as, a transcript of what was originally presentative knowledge; as, representative faculties; representative knowledge. See Presentative, 3 and Represent, 8.
Representative (a.) Serving or fitted to present the full characters of the type of a group; typical; as, a representative genus in a family.
Representative (a.) Similar in general appearance, structure, and habits, but living in different regions; -- said of certain species and varieties.
Representative (n.) A member of the lower or popular house in a State legislature, or in the national Congress.
Representative (n.) A species or variety which, in any region, takes the place of a similar one in another region.
Representative (n.) An agent, deputy, or substitute, who supplies the place of another, or others, being invested with his or their authority.
Representative (n.) One who, or that which, represents (anything); that which exhibits a likeness or similitude.
Repress (v. t.) To press back or down effectually; to crush down or out; to quell; to subdue; to supress; as, to repress sedition or rebellion; to repress the first risings of discontent.
Repression (n.) The act of repressing, or state of being repressed; as, the repression of evil and evil doers.
Reprieve (n.) A temporary suspension of the execution of a sentence, especially of a sentence of death.
Reprieve (v. t.) To delay the punishment of; to suspend the execution of sentence on; to give a respite to; to respite; as, to reprieve a criminal for thirty days.
Reprimand (n.) To reprove publicly and officially, in execution of a sentence; as, the court ordered him to be reprimanded.
Reprimer (n.) A machine or implement for applying fresh primers to spent cartridge shells, so that the shells be used again.
Reprint (n.) A second or a new impression or edition of any printed work; specifically, the publication in one country of a work previously published in another.
Reprisal (n.) The act of retorting on an enemy by inflicting suffering or death on a prisoner taken from him, in retaliation for an act of inhumanity.
Reprise (n.) Deductions and duties paid yearly out of a manor and lands, as rent charge, rent seck, pensions, annuities, and the like.
Reproach (v. t.) To attribute blame to; to allege something disgraceful against; to charge with a fault; to censure severely or contemptuously; to upbraid.
Reproach (v. t.) To come back to, or come home to, as a matter of blame; to bring shame or disgrace upon; to disgrace.
Reproach (v.) The act of reproaching; censure mingled with contempt; contumelious or opprobrious language toward any person; abusive reflections; as, severe reproach.
Reprobate (a.) Abandoned to punishment; hence, morally abandoned and lost; given up to vice; depraved.
Reprobate (a.) Not enduring proof or trial; not of standard purity or fineness; disallowed; rejected.
Reprobate (v. t.) To disapprove with detestation or marks of extreme dislike; to condemn as unworthy; to disallow; to reject.
Reprobation (n.) The act of reprobating; the state of being reprobated; strong disapproval or censure.
Reprobation (n.) The predestination of a certain number of the human race as reprobates, or objects of condemnation and punishment.
Reproduce (v. t.) To bring forward again; as, to reproduce a witness; to reproduce charges; to reproduce a play.
Reproduce (v. t.) To make an image or other representation of; to portray; to cause to exist in the memory or imagination; to make a copy of; as, to reproduce a person's features in marble, or on canvas; to reproduce a design.
Reproof (n.) An expression of blame or censure; especially, blame expressed to the face; censure for a fault; chiding; reproach.
Reptile (n.) An animal that crawls, or moves on its belly, as snakes,, or by means of small, short legs, as lizards, and the like.
Reptilia (n. pl.) A class of air-breathing oviparous vertebrates, usually covered with scales or bony plates. The heart generally has two auricles and one ventricle. The development of the young is the same as that of birds.
Republic (a.) A state in which the sovereign power resides in the whole body of the people, and is exercised by representatives elected by them; a commonwealth. Cf. Democracy, 2.
Republican (a.) Consonant with the principles of a republic; as, republican sentiments or opinions; republican manners.
Republican (n.) A South African weaver bird (Philetaerus socius). These weaver birds build many nests together, under a large rooflike shelter, which they make of straw.
Republican (n.) The American cliff swallow. The cliff swallows build their nests side by side, many together.
Republicanism (n.) A republican form or system of government; the principles or theory of republican government.
Republicanize (v. t.) To change, as a state, into a republic; to republican principles; as, France was republicanized; to republicanize the rising generation.
Republication (n.) A second publication, or a new publication of something before published, as of a former will, of a volume already published, or the like; specifically, the publication in one country of a work first issued in another; a reprint.
Republish (v. t.) To publish anew; specifically, to publish in one country (a work first published in another); also, to revive (a will) by re/xecution or codicil.
Repudiate (v. t.) To divorce, put away, or discard, as a wife, or a woman one has promised to marry.
Repudiate (v. t.) To refuse to acknowledge or to pay; to disclaim; as, the State has repudiated its debts.
Repudiation (n.) The act of repudiating, or the state of being repuddiated; as, the repudiation of a doctrine, a wife, a debt, etc.
Repugnancy (n.) The state or condition of being repugnant; opposition; contrariety; especially, a strong instinctive antagonism; aversion; reluctance; unwillingness, as of mind, passions, principles, qualities, and the like.
Repulse (n.) The act of repelling or driving back; also, the state of being repelled or driven back.
Repulse (v. t.) To repel by discourtesy, coldness, or denial; to reject; to send away; as, to repulse a suitor or a proffer.
Repulsion (n.) The power, either inherent or due to some physical action, by which bodies, or the particles of bodies, are made to recede from each other, or to resist each other's nearer approach; as, molecular repulsion; electrical repulsion.
Reputable (a.) Having, or worthy of, good repute; held in esteem; honorable; praiseworthy; as, a reputable man or character; reputable conduct.
Reputation (v. t.) Specifically: Good reputation; favorable regard; public esteem; general credit; good name.
Reputation (v. t.) The character imputed to a person in the community in which he lives. It is admissible in evidence when he puts his character in issue, or when such reputation is otherwise part of the issue of a case.
Reputation (v. t.) The estimation in which one is held; character in public opinion; the character attributed to a person, thing, or action; repute.
Repute (n.) Character reputed or attributed; reputation, whether good or bad; established opinion; public estimate.
Repute (n.) Specifically: Good character or reputation; credit or honor derived from common or public opinion; -- opposed to disrepute.
Request (n.) A state of being desired or held in such estimation as to be sought after or asked for; demand.
Request (n.) The act of asking for anything desired; expression of desire or demand; solicitation; prayer; petition; entreaty.
Request (v. t.) To ask for (something); to express desire ffor; to solicit; as, to request his presence, or a favor.
Requin (n.) The man-eater, or white shark (Carcharodon carcharias); -- so called on account of its causing requiems to be sung.
Require (v. t.) To demand; to insist upon having; to claim as by right and authority; to exact; as, to require the surrender of property.
Requirement (n.) That which is required; an imperative or authoritative command; an essential condition; something needed or necessary; a need.
Requisite (a.) Required by the nature of things, or by circumstances; so needful that it can not be dispensed with; necessary; indispensable.
Requisition (n.) A demand by the invader upon the people of an invaded country for supplies, as of provision, forage, transportation, etc.
Requisition (n.) A formal application by one officer to another for things needed in the public service; as, a requisition for clothing, troops, or money.
Requisition (n.) A formal demand made by one state or government upon another for the surrender or extradition of a fugitive from justice.
Requisition (n.) A written or normal call; an invitation; a summons; as, a reqisition for a public meeting.
Requisition (n.) That which is required by authority; especially, a quota of supplies or necessaries.
Requisition (v. t.) To make a reqisition on or for; as, to requisition a district for forage; to requisition troops.
Requisition (v. t.) To present a requisition to; to summon request; as, to requisition a person to be a candidate.
Requisitor (n.) One who makes reqisition; esp., one authorized by a requisition to investigate facts.
Requital (n.) The act of requiting; also, that which requites; return, good or bad, for anything done; in a good sense, compensation; recompense; as, the requital of services; in a bad sense, retaliation, or punishment; as, the requital of evil deeds.
Requite (v. t.) To repay; in a good sense, to recompense; to return (an equivalent) in good; to reward; in a bad sense, to retaliate; to return (evil) for evil; to punish.
Reredos (n.) The open hearth, upon which fires were lighted, immediately under the louver, in the center of ancient halls.
Resaw (v. t.) To saw again; specifically, to saw a balk, or a timber, which has already been squared, into dimension lumber, as joists, boards, etc.
Rescind (v. t.) Specifically, to vacate or make void, as an act, by the enacting authority or by superior authority; to repeal; as, to rescind a law, a resolution, or a vote; to rescind a decree or a judgment.
Rescission (n.) The act of rescinding, abrogating, annulling, or vacating; as, the rescission of a law, decree, or judgment.
Rescript (v. t.) The answer of an emperor when formallyconsulted by particular persons on some difficult question; hence, an edict or decree.
Rescriptive (a.) Pertaining to, or answering the purpose of, a rescript; hence, deciding; settling; determining.
Rescue (v. t.) To free or deliver from any confinement, violence, danger, or evil; to liberate from actual restraint; to remove or withdraw from a state of exposure to evil; as, to rescue a prisoner from the enemy; to rescue seamen from destruction.
Research (n.) Diligent inquiry or examination in seeking facts or principles; laborious or continued search after truth; as, researches of human wisdom.
Reseat (v. t.) To put a new seat, or new seats, in; as, to reseat a theater; to reseat a chair or trousers.
Resection (n.) The removal of the articular extremity of a bone, or of the ends of the bones in a false articulation.
Reseizer (n.) The taking of lands into the hands of the king where a general livery, or oustre le main, was formerly mis-sued, contrary to the form and order of law.
Resemble (v. t.) To be like or similar to; to bear the similitude of, either in appearance or qualities; as, these brothers resemble each other.
Resent (v. t.) In a bad sense, to take ill; to consider as an injury or affront; to be indignant at.
Resent (v. t.) To recognize; to perceive, especially as if by smelling; -- associated in meaning with sent, the older spelling of scent to smell. See Resent, v. i.
Resentment (n.) In a bad sense, strong displeasure; anger; hostility provoked by a wrong or injury experienced.
Resentment (n.) The state of holding something in the mind as a subject of contemplation, or of being inclined to reflect upon something; a state of consciousness; conviction; feeling; impression.
Reservation (n.) A clause in an instrument by which some new thing is reserved out of the thing granted, and not in esse before.
Reservation (n.) A term of canon law, which signifies that the pope reserves to himself appointment to certain benefices.
Reservation (n.) A tract of the public land reserved for some special use, as for schools, for the use of Indians, etc.
Reservation (n.) Something withheld, either not expressed or disclosed, or not given up or brought forward.
Reservation (n.) The act of reserving, or keeping back; concealment, or withholding from disclosure; reserve.
Reservation (n.) The portion of the sacramental elements reserved for purposes of devotion and for the communion of the absent and sick.
Reserve (n.) A body of troops in the rear of an army drawn up for battle, reserved to support the other lines as occasion may require; a force or body of troops kept for an exigency.
Reserve (n.) A tract of land reserved, or set apart, for a particular purpose; as, the Connecticut Reserve in Ohio, originally set apart for the school fund of Connecticut; the Clergy Reserves in Canada, for the support of the clergy.
Reserve (v. t.) Hence, to keep in store for future or special use; to withhold from present use for another purpose or time; to keep; to retain.
Reserved (a.) Kept for future or special use, or for an exigency; as, reserved troops; a reserved seat in a theater.
Reserved (a.) Restrained from freedom in words or actions; backward, or cautious, in communicating one's thoughts and feelings; not free or frank.
Reservoir (n.) A place where anything is kept in store; especially, a place where water is collected and kept for use when wanted, as to supply a fountain, a canal, or a city by means of aqueducts, or to drive a mill wheel, or the like.
Reservoir (n.) A small intercellular space, often containing resin, essential oil, or some other secreted matter.
Resettlement (n.) Act of settling again, or state of being settled again; as, the resettlement of lees.
Reship (v. i.) To engage one's self again for service on board of a vessel after having been discharged.
Reship (v. t.) To ship again; to put on board of a vessel a second time; to send on a second voyage; as, to reship bonded merchandise.
Reside (v. i.) To dwell permanently or for a considerable time; to have a settled abode for a time; to abide continuosly; to have one's domicile of home; to remain for a long time.
Reside (v. i.) To have a seat or fixed position; to inhere; to lie or be as in attribute or element.
Residence (n.) The act or fact of residing, abiding, or dwelling in a place for some continuance of time; as, the residence of an American in France or Italy for a year.
Residence (n.) The place where one resides; an abode; a dwelling or habitation; esp., a settled or permanent home or domicile.
Residency (n.) A political agency at a native court in British India, held by an officer styled the Resident; also, a Dutch commercial colony or province in the East Indies.
Resident (a.) Dwelling, or having an abode, in a place for a continued length of time; residing on one's own estate; -- opposed to nonresident; as, resident in the city or in the country.
Resident (n.) A diplomatic representative who resides at a foreign court; -- a term usualy applied to ministers of a rank inferior to that of ambassadors. See the Note under Minister, 4.
Residual (n.) The difference of the results obtained by observation, and by computation from a formula.
Residuary (a.) Consisting of residue; as, residuary matter; pertaining to the residue, or part remaining; as, the residuary advantage of an estate.
Residue (n.) Any positive or negative number that differs from a given number by a multiple of a given modulus; thus, if 7 is the modulus, and 9 the given number, the numbers -5, 2, 16, 23, etc., are residues.
Residue (n.) That part of a testeator's estate wwhich is not disposed of in his will by particular and special legacies and devises, and which remains after payment of debts and legacies.
Residue (n.) That which remains after a part is taken, separated, removed, or designated; remnant; remainder.
Residue (n.) That which remains of a molecule after the removal of a portion of its constituents; hence, an atom or group regarded as a portion of a molecule; -- used as nearly equivalent to radical, but in a more general sense.
Residuum (n.) That which is left after any process of separation or purification; that which remains after certain specified deductions are made; residue.
Resignation (n.) The act of resigning or giving up, as a claim, possession, office, or the like; surrender; as, the resignation of a crown or comission.
Resignation (n.) The state of being resigned or submissive; quiet or patient submission; unresisting acquiescence; as, resignation to the will and providence of God.
Resiliency (n.) The act of resiling, springing back, or rebounding; as, the resilience of a ball or of sound.
Resiliency (n.) The mechanical work required to strain an elastic body, as a deflected beam, stretched spring, etc., to the elastic limit; also, the work performed by the body in recovering from such strain.
Resist (v. t.) To strive against; to endeavor to counteract, defeat, or frustrate; to act in opposition to; to oppose.
Resolute (v. t. & i.) Having a decided purpose; determined; resolved; fixed in a determination; hence, bold; firm; steady.
Resolutely (adv.) In a resolute manner; with fixed purpose; boldly; firmly; steadily; with perseverance.
Resolution (n.) The act or process of solving; solution; as, the resolution of an equation or problem.
Resolution (n.) The act, operation, or process of resolving. Specifically: (a) The act of separating a compound into its elements or component parts. (b) The act of analyzing a complex notion, or solving a vexed question or difficult problem.
Resolution (n.) The passing of a dissonant into a consonant chord by the rising or falling of the note which makes the discord.
Resolution (n.) The state of being resolved, settled, or determined; firmness; steadiness; constancy; determination.
Resolutioner (n.) One who makes a resolution; one who joins with others in a declaration or resolution; specifically, one of a party in the Scottish Church in the 17th century.
Resolvable (a.) Admitting of being resolved; admitting separation into constituent parts, or reduction to first principles; admitting solution or explanation; as, resolvable compounds; resolvable ideas or difficulties.
Resolve (n.) That which has been resolved on or determined; decisive conclusion; fixed purpose; determination; also, legal or official determination; a legislative declaration; a resolution.
Resolve (v. i.) To be separated into its component parts or distinct principles; to undergo resolution.
Resolve (v. i.) To cause to perceive or understand; to acquaint; to inform; to convince; to assure; to make certain.
Resolve (v. i.) To change or convert by resolution or formal vote; -- used only reflexively; as, the house resolved itself into a committee of the whole.
Resolve (v. i.) To determine or decide in purpose; to make ready in mind; to fix; to settle; as, he was resolved by an unexpected event.
Resolve (v. i.) To form a purpose; to make a decision; especially, to determine after reflection; as, to resolve on a better course of life.
Resolve (v. i.) To let the tones (as of a discord) follow their several tendencies, resulting in a concord.
Resolve (v. i.) To separate the component parts of; to reduce to the constituent elements; -- said of compound substances; hence, sometimes, to melt, or dissolve.
Resolve (v. i.) To solve, as a problem, by enumerating the several things to be done, in order to obtain what is required; to find the answer to, or the result of.
Resolved (p. p. & a.) Having a fixed purpose; determined; resolute; -- usually placed after its noun; as, a man resolved to be rich.
Resolvent (n.) That which has power to disperse inflammatory or other tumors; a discutient; anything which aids the absorption of effused products.
Resolver (n.) That which clears up and removes difficulties, and makes the mind certain or determined.
Resonant (a.) Returning, or capable of returning, sound; fitted to resound; resounding; echoing back.
Resort (v.) The act of going to, or making application; a betaking one's self; the act of visiting or seeking; recourse; as, a place of popular resort; -- often figuratively; as, to have resort to force.
Resound (v. t.) To praise or celebrate with the voice, or the sound of instruments; to extol with sounds; to spread the fame of.
Resource (n.) Pecuniary means; funds; money, or any property that can be converted into supplies; available means or capabilities of any kind.
Resource (n.) That to which one resorts orr on which one depends for supply or support; means of overcoming a difficulty; resort; expedient.
Respect (v. t.) To have regard to; to have reference to; to relate to; as, the treaty particularly respects our commerce.
Respect (v. t.) To take notice of; to regard with special attention; to regard as worthy of special consideration; hence, to care for; to heed.
Respect (v.) Particular; point regarded; point of view; as, in this respect; in any respect; in all respects.
Respect (v.) The act of noticing with attention; the giving particular consideration to; hence, care; caution.
Respectability (n.) The state or quality of being respectable; the state or quality which deserves or commands respect.
Respectable (a.) Moderate in degree of excellence or in number; as, a respectable performance; a respectable audience.
Respectable (a.) Worthy of respect; fitted to awaken esteem; deserving regard; hence, of good repute; not mean; as, a respectable citizen.
Respecting (prep.) With regard or relation to; regarding; concerning; as, respecting his conduct there is but one opinion.
Respective (a.) Looking towardl having reference to; relative, not absolute; as, the respective connections of society.
Respective (a.) Relating to particular persons or things, each to each; particular; own; as, they returned to their respective places of abode.
Respectively (adv.) As relating to each; particularly; as each belongs to each; as each refers to each in order; as, let each man respectively perform his duty.
Respiration (n.) The act of resping or breathing; the act of taking in and giving out air; the aggregate of those processes bu which oxygen is introduced into the system, and carbon dioxide, or carbonic acid, removed.
Respiratory (a.) Of or pertaining to respiration; serving for respiration; as, the respiratory organs; respiratory nerves; the respiratory function; respiratory changes.
Respire (v. i.) To breathe; to inhale air into the lungs, and exhale it from them, successively, for the purpose of maintaining the vitality of the blood.
Respite (n.) Temporary intermission of labor, or of any process or operation; interval of rest; pause; delay.
Resplendency (n.) The quality or state of being resplendent; brilliant luster; vivid brightness; splendor.
Respond (v. i.) To render satisfaction; to be answerable; as, the defendant is held to respond in damages.
Respond (v. i.) To say somethin in return; to answer; to reply; as, to respond to a question or an argument.
Respond (v. i.) To show some effect in return to a force; to act in response; to accord; to correspond; to suit.
Respondent (n.) One who answers in certain suits or proceedings, generally those which are not according to the course of the common law, as in equity and admiralty causes, in petitions for partition, and the like; -- distinquished from appellant.
Respondent (n.) One who maintains a thesis in reply, and whose province it is to refute objections, or overthrow arguments; -- distinguished from opponent.
Respondentia (n.) A loan upon goods laden on board a ship. It differs from bottomry, which is a loan on the ship itself.
Response (n.) A repetition of the given subject in a fugue by another part on the fifth above or fourth below.
Response (n.) The answer of the people or congregation to the priest or clergyman, in the litany and other parts of divine service.
Responsibility (n.) That for which anyone is responsible or accountable; as, the resonsibilities of power.
Responsibility (n.) The state of being responsible, accountable, or answerable, as for a trust, debt, or obligation.
Responsible (a.) Able to respond or answer for one's conduct and obligations; trustworthy, financially or otherwise; as, to have a responsible man for surety.
Responsible (a.) Involving responsibility; involving a degree of accountability on the part of the person concerned; as, a responsible office.
Responsible (a.) Liable to respond; likely to be called upon to answer; accountable; answerable; amenable; as, a guardian is responsible to the court for his conduct in the office.
Rest (n.) A place where one may rest, either temporarily, as in an inn, or permanently, as, in an abode.
Rest (n.) A state of quiet or repose; a cessation from motion or labor; tranquillity; as, rest from mental exertion; rest of body or mind.
Rest (n.) A surplus held as a reserved fund by a bank to equalize its dividends, etc.; in the Bank of England, the balance of assets above liabilities.
Rest (n.) Silence in music or in one of its parts; the name of the character that stands for such silence. They are named as notes are, whole, half, quarter,etc.
Rest (n.) That on which anything rests or leans for support; as, a rest in a lathe, for supporting the cutting tool or steadying the work.
Rest (n.) That which is left, or which remains after the separation of a part, either in fact or in contemplation; remainder; residue.
Rest (n.) To cease from action or motion, especially from action which has caused weariness; to desist from labor or exertion.
Rest (n.) To lean in confidence; to trust; to rely; to repose without anxiety; as, to rest on a man's promise.
Restiform (a.) Formed like a rope; -- applied especially to several ropelike bundles or masses of fibers on the dorsal side of the medulla oblongata.
Restitution (v.) That which is offered or given in return for what has been lost, injured, or destroved; compensation.
Restitution (v.) The act of restoring anything to its rightful owner, or of making good, or of giving an equivalent for any loss, damage, or injury; indemnification.
Restitution (v.) The act of returning to, or recovering, a former state; as, the restitution of an elastic body.
Restitution (v.) The movement of rotetion which usually occurs in childbirth after the head has been delivered, and which causes the latter to point towards the side to which it was directed at the beginning of labor.
Restive (a.) Uneasy; restless; averse to standing still; fidgeting about; -- applied especially to horses.
Restless (a.) Not satisfied to be at rest or in peace; averse to repose or quiet; eager for change; discontented; as, restless schemers; restless ambition; restless subjects.
Restoration (n.) The act of restoring or bringing back to a former place, station, or condition; the fact of being restored; renewal; reestablishment; as, the restoration of friendship between enemies; the restoration of peace after war.
Restoration (n.) The state of being restored; recovery of health, strength, etc.; as, restoration from sickness.
Restorationist (n.) One who believes in a temporary future punishment and a final restoration of all to the favor and presence of God; a Universalist.
Restore (v. t.) To bring back from a state of injury or decay, or from a changed condition; as, to restore a painting, statue, etc.
Restore (v. t.) To bring back to its former state; to bring back from a state of ruin, decay, disease, or the like; to repair; to renew; to recover.
Restore (v. t.) To form a picture or model of, as of something lost or mutilated; as, to restore a ruined building, city, or the like.
Restore (v. t.) To give or bring back, as that which has been lost., or taken away; to bring back to the owner; to replace.
Restrain (v. t.) To draw back again; to hold back from acting, proceeding, or advancing, either by physical or moral force, or by any interposing obstacle; to repress or suppress; to keep down; to curb.
Restraint (n.) The act or process of restraining, or of holding back or hindering from motion or action, in any manner; hindrance of the will, or of any action, physical or mental.
Restrict (v. t.) To restrain within bounds; to limit; to confine; as, to restrict worlds to a particular meaning; to restrict a patient to a certain diet.
Restriction (n.) The act of restricting, or state of being restricted; confinement within limits or bounds.
Restrictive (a.) Serving or tending to restrict; limiting; as, a restrictive particle; restrictive laws of trade.
Result (n.) That which results; the conclusion or end to which any course or condition of things leads, or which is obtained by any process or operation; consequence or effect; as, the result of a course of action; the result of a mathematical operation.
Result (n.) The decision or determination of a council or deliberative assembly; a resolve; a decree.
Result (v. i.) To come out, or have an issue; to terminate; to have consequences; -- followed by in; as, this measure will result in good or in evil.
Result (v. i.) To proceed, spring, or rise, as a consequence, from facts, arguments, premises, combination of circumstances, consultation, thought, or endeavor.
Resultant (a.) Resulting or issuing from a combination; existing or following as a result or consequence.
Resume (v. t.) To begin again; to recommence, as something which has been interrupted; as, to resume an argument or discourse.
Resumption (n.) The act of resuming; as, the resumption of a grant, of delegated powers, of an argument, of specie payments, etc.
Resumption (n.) The taking again into the king's hands of such lands or tenements as he had granted to any man on false suggestions or other error.
Resupinate (a.) Inverted in position; appearing to be upside down or reversed, as the flowers of the orchis and the leaves of some plants.
Resurrect (v. t.) To reanimate; to restore to life; to bring to view (that which was forgotten or lost).
Resurrection (n.) Especially, the rising again from the dead; the resumption of life by the dead; as, the resurrection of Jesus Christ; the general resurrection of all the dead at the Day of Judgment.
Resuscitate (v. t.) To revivify; to revive; especially, to recover or restore from apparent death; as, to resuscitate a drowned person; to resuscitate withered plants.
Ret (v. t.) To prepare for use, as flax, by separating the fibers from the woody part by process of soaking, macerating, and other treatment.
Retail (n.) To distribute in small portions or at second hand; to tell again or to many (what has been told or done); to report; as, to retail slander.
Retail (n.) To sell in small quantities, as by the single yard, pound, gallon, etc.; to sell directly to the consumer; as, to retail cloth or groceries.
Retail (v.) The sale of commodities in small quantities or parcels; -- opposed to wholesale; sometimes, the sale of commodities at second hand.
Retain (v. t.) To continue to hold; to keep in possession; not to lose, part with, or dismiss; to retrain from departure, escape, or the like.
Retain (v. t.) To keep in pay; to employ by a preliminary fee paid; to hire; to engage; as, to retain a counselor.
Retainer (n.) A fee paid to engage a lawyer or counselor to maintain a cause, or to prevent his being employed by the opposing party in the case; -- called also retaining fee.
Retainer (n.) Hence, a servant, not a domestic, but occasionally attending and wearing his master's livery.
Retaliate (v. i.) To return like for like; specifically, to return evil for evil; as, to retaliate upon an enemy.
Retaliate (v. t.) To return the like for; to repay or requite by an act of the same kind; to return evil for (evil). [Now seldom used except in a bad sense.]
Retaliation (n.) The act of retaliating, or of returning like for like; retribution; now, specifically, the return of evil for evil; e.g., an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth.
Retard (v. t.) To keep delaying; to continue to hinder; to prevent from progress; to render more slow in progress; to impede; to hinder; as, to retard the march of an army; to retard the motion of a ship; -- opposed to accelerate.
Retard (v. t.) To put off; to postpone; as, to retard the attacks of old age; to retard a rupture between nations.
Retardation (n.) The act of retarding; hindrance; the act of delaying; as, the retardation of the motion of a ship; -- opposed to acceleration.
Retardation (n.) The keeping back of an approaching consonant chord by prolonging one or more tones of a previous chord into the intermediate chord which follows; -- differing from suspension by resolving upwards instead of downwards.
Rete (n.) A net or network; a plexus; particularly, a network of blood vessels or nerves, or a part resembling a network.
Retene (n.) A white crystalline hydrocarbon, polymeric with benzene. It is extracted from pine tar, and is also found in certain fossil resins.
Retention (n.) The right of withholding a debt, or of retaining property until a debt due to the person claiming the right be duly paid; a lien.
Retentor (n.) A muscle which serves to retain an organ or part in place, esp. when retracted. See Illust. of Phylactolemata.
Retepore (n.) Any one of several species of bryozoans of the genus Retepora. They form delicate calcareous corals, usually composed of thin fenestrated fronds.
Retiarius (n.) A gladiator armed with a net for entangling his adversary and a trident for despatching him.
Reticence (n.) A figure by which a person really speaks of a thing while he makes a show as if he would say nothingon the subject.
Reticence (n.) The quality or state of being reticent, or keeping silence; the state of holding one's tonque; refraining to speak of that which is suggested; uncommunicativeness.
Reticular (a.) Having the form of a net, or of network; formed with interstices; retiform; as, reticular cartilage; a reticular leaf.
Reticularia (n. pl.) An extensive division of rhizopods in which the pseudopodia are more or less slender and coalesce at certain points, forming irregular meshes. It includes the shelled Foraminifera, together with some groups which lack a true shell.
Reticulated (a.) Having veins, fibers, or lines crossing like the threads or fibers of a network; as, a reticulate leaf; a reticulated surface; a reticulated wing of an insect.
Reticulated (a.) Resembling network; having the form or appearance of a net; netted; as, a reticulated structure.
Reticulation (n.) The quality or state of being reticulated, or netlike; that which is reticulated; network; an organization resembling a net.
Reticule (n..) A little bag, originally of network; a woman's workbag, or a little bag to be carried in the hand.
Reticule (n..) A system of wires or lines in the focus of a telescope or other instrument; a reticle.
Reticulum (n.) The second stomach of ruminants, in which folds of the mucous membrane form hexagonal cells; -- also called the honeycomb stomach.
Retiform (a.) Composed of crossing lines and interstices; reticular; netlike; as, the retiform coat of the eye.
Retina (n.) The delicate membrane by which the back part of the globe of the eye is lined, and in which the fibers of the optic nerve terminate. See Eye.
Retinaculum (n.) A connecting band; a fraenum; as, the retinacula of the ileocaecal and ileocolic valves.
Retinaculum (n.) A small gland or process to which bodies are attached; as, the glandular retinacula to which the pollinia of orchids are attached, or the hooks which support the seeds in many acanthaceous plants.
Retinaculum (n.) One of the annular ligaments which hold the tendons close to the bones at the larger joints, as at the wrist and ankle.
Retinalite (n.) A translucent variety of serpentine, of a honey yellow or greenish yellow color, having a waxy resinlike luster.
Retineum (n.) That part of the eye of an invertebrate which corresponds in function with the retina of a vertebrate.
Retinic (a.) Of or pertaining to resin; derived from resin; specifically, designating an acid found in certain fossil resins and hydrocarbons.
Retinite (n.) An inflammable mineral resin, usually of a yellowish brown color, found in roundish masses, sometimes with coal.
Retinophora (n.) One of group of two to four united cells which occupy the axial part of the ocelli, or ommatidia, of the eyes of invertebrates, and contain the terminal nerve fibrillae. See Illust. under Ommatidium.
Retinue (n.) The body of retainers who follow a prince or other distinguished person; a train of attendants; a suite.
Retinula (n.) One of the group of pigmented cells which surround the retinophorae of invertebrates. See Illust. under Ommatidium.
Retirade (n.) A kind of retrenchment, as in the body of a bastion, which may be disputed inch by inch after the defenses are dismantled. It usually consists of two faces which make a reentering angle.
Retire (n.) A call sounded on a bugle, announcing to skirmishers that they are to retire, or fall back.
Retire (v. i.) To go back or return; to draw back or away; to keep aloof; to withdraw or retreat, as from observation; to go into privacy; as, to retire to his home; to retire from the world, or from notice.
Retire (v. i.) To retreat from action or danger; to withdraw for safety or pleasure; as, to retire from battle.
Retire (v. i.) To withdraw from a public station, or from business; as, having made a large fortune, he retired.
Retire (v. t.) To cause to retire; specifically, to designate as no longer qualified for active service; to place on the retired list; as, to retire a military or naval officer.
Retire (v. t.) To withdraw from circulation, or from the market; to take up and pay; as, to retire bonds; to retire a note.
Retirement (n.) A place of seclusion or privacy; a place to which one withdraws or retreats; a private abode.
Retirement (n.) The act of retiring, or the state of being retired; withdrawal; seclusion; as, the retirement of an officer.
Retiring (a.) Of or pertaining to retirement; causing retirement; suited to, or belonging to, retirement.
Retort (n.) To return, as an argument, accusation, censure, or incivility; as, to retort the charge of vanity.
Retort (v. t.) The return of, or reply to, an argument, charge, censure, incivility, taunt, or witticism; a quick and witty or severe response.
Retouch (v. t.) To touch again, or rework, in order to improve; to revise; as, to retouch a picture or an essay.
Retrace (v. t.) To go back, in or over (a previous course); to go over again in a reverse direction; as, to retrace one's steps; to retrace one's proceedings.
Retract (v. t.) To draw back; to draw up or shorten; as, the cat can retract its claws; to retract a muscle.
Retract (v. t.) To withdraw; to recall; to disavow; to recant; to take back; as, to retract an accusation or an assertion.
Retractile (a.) Capable of retraction; capable of being drawn back or up; as, the claws of a cat are retractile.
Retraction (n.) The act of retracting or shortening; as, the retraction of a severed muscle; the retraction of a sinew.
Retraction (n.) The act of retracting, or drawing back; the state of being retracted; as, the retraction of a cat's claws.
Retraction (n.) The act of withdrawing something advanced, stated, claimed, or done; declaration of change of opinion; recantation.
Retraction (n.) The state or condition of a part when drawn back, or towards the center of the body.
Retractor (n.) In breech-loading firearms, a device for withdrawing a cartridge shell from the barrel.
Retraxit (n.) The withdrawing, or open renunciation, of a suit in court by the plaintiff, by which he forever lost his right of action.
Retreat (n.) A period of several days of withdrawal from society to a religious house for exclusive occupation in the duties of devotion; as, to appoint or observe a retreat.
Retreat (n.) A signal given in the army or navy, by the beat of a drum or the sounding of trumpet or bugle, at sunset (when the roll is called), or for retiring from action.
Retreat (n.) The act of retiring or withdrawing one's self, especially from what is dangerous or disagreeable.
Retreat (n.) The retiring of an army or body of men from the face of an enemy, or from any ground occupied to a greater distance from the enemy, or from an advanced position.
Retreat (n.) The withdrawing of a ship or fleet from an enemy for the purpose of avoiding an engagement or escaping after defeat.
Retreat (v. i.) To make a retreat; to retire from any position or place; to withdraw; as, the defeated army retreated from the field.
Retrench (v. i.) To cause or suffer retrenchment; specifically, to cut down living expenses; as, it is more reputable to retrench than to live embarrassed.
Retrenchment (n.) A work constructed within another, to prolong the defense of the position when the enemy has gained possession of the outer work; or to protect the defenders till they can retreat or obtain terms for a capitulation.
Retrial (n.) A secdond trial, experiment, or test; a second judicial trial, as of an accused person.
Retribute (v. t.) To pay back; to give in return, as payment, reward, or punishment; to requite; as, to retribute one for his kindness; to retribute just punishment to a criminal.
Retribution (n.) That which is given in repayment or compensation; return suitable to the merits or deserts of, as an action; commonly, condign punishment for evil or wrong.
Retributory (a.) Of or pertaining to retribution; of the nature of retribution; involving retribution or repayment; as, retributive justice; retributory comforts.
Retrieve (v. i.) To discover and bring in game that has been killed or wounded; as, a dog naturally inclined to retrieve.
Retrieve (v. t.) To find again; to recover; to regain; to restore from loss or injury; as, to retrieve one's character; to retrieve independence.
Retriever (n.) A dor, or a breed of dogs, chiefly employed to retrieve, or to find and recover game birds that have been killed or wounded.
Retro- () A prefix or combining form signifying backward, back; as, retroact, to act backward; retrospect, a looking back.
Retroactive (a.) Fitted or designed to retroact; operating by returned action; affecting what is past; retrospective.
Retrocedent (a.) Disposed or likely to retrocede; -- said of diseases which go from one part of the body to another, as the gout.
Retrocession (n.) Metastasis of an eruption or a tumor from the surface to the interior of the body.
Retrochoir (n.) Any extension of a church behind the high altar, as a chapel; also, in an apsidal church, all the space beyond the line of the back or eastern face of the altar.
Retrograde (a.) Apparently moving backward, and contrary to the succession of the signs, that is, from east to west, as a planet.
Retrograde (a.) Declining from a better to a worse state; as, a retrograde people; retrograde ideas, morals, etc.
Retrograde (a.) Tending or moving backward; having a backward course; contrary; as, a retrograde motion; -- opposed to progressive.
Retrograde (v. i.) Hence, to decline from a better to a worse condition, as in morals or intelligence.
Retrograde (v. i.) To go in a retrograde direction; to move, or appear to move, backward, as a planet.
Retrogressive (a.) Passing from a higher to a lower condition; declining from a more perfect state of organization; regressive.
Retrogressive (a.) Tending to retrograde; going or moving backward; declining from a better to a worse state.
Retrospective (a.) Having reference to what is past; affecting things past; retroactive; as, a retrospective law.
Retrospective (a.) Looking backward; contemplating things past; -- opposed to prospective; as, a retrospective view.
Retroversion (n.) A turning or bending backward; also, the state of being turned or bent backward; displacement backwards; as, retroversion of the uterus.
Retry (v. t.) To try (esp. judicially) a second time; as, to retry a case; to retry an accused person.
Retting (n.) The act or process of preparing flax for use by soaking, maceration, and kindred processes; -- also called rotting. See Ret.
Retund (v. t.) To blunt; to turn, as an edge; figuratively, to cause to be obtuse or dull; as, to retund confidence.
Return (n.) An official account, report, or statement, rendered to the commander or other superior officer; as, the return of men fit for duty; the return of the number of the sick; the return of provisions, etc.
Return (n.) The act of returning (intransitive), or coming back to the same place or condition; as, the return of one long absent; the return of health; the return of the seasons, or of an anniversary.
Return (n.) The act of returning (transitive), or sending back to the same place or condition; restitution; repayment; requital; retribution; as, the return of anything borrowed, as a book or money; a good return in tennis.
Return (n.) The certificate of an officer stating what he has done in execution of a writ, precept, etc., indorsed on the document.
Return (n.) The profit on, or advantage received from, labor, or an investment, undertaking, adventure, etc.
Return (n.) The rendering back or delivery of writ, precept, or execution, to the proper officer or court.
Return (v. i.) To come back, or begin again, after an interval, regular or irregular; to appear again.
Return (v. t.) To bring or send back to a tribunal, or to an office, with a certificate of what has been done; as, to return a writ.
Return (v. t.) To bring, carry, send, or turn, back; as, to return a borrowed book, or a hired horse.
Return (v. t.) To lead in response to the lead of one's partner; as, to return a trump; to return a diamond for a club.
Return (v. t.) To render, as an account, usually an official account, to a superior; to report officially by a list or statement; as, to return a list of stores, of killed or wounded; to return the result of an election.
Returnable (a.) Legally required to be returned, delivered, given, or rendered; as, a writ or precept returnable at a certain day; a verdict returnable to the court.
Reunion (n.) A second union; union formed anew after separation, secession, or discord; as, a reunion of parts or particles of matter; a reunion of parties or sects.
Reunion (n.) An assembling of persons who have been separated, as of a family, or the members of a disbanded regiment; an assembly so composed.
Reveal (n.) The side of an opening for a window, doorway, or the like, between the door frame or window frame and the outer surface of the wall; or, where the opening is not filled with a door, etc., the whole thickness of the wall; the jamb.
Reveal (v. t.) Specifically, to communicate (that which could not be known or discovered without divine or supernatural instruction or agency).
Reveal (v. t.) To make known (that which has been concealed or kept secret); to unveil; to disclose; to show.
Reveille (n.) The beat of drum, or bugle blast, about break of day, to give notice that it is time for the soldiers to rise, and for the sentinels to forbear challenging.
Revelation (n.) Specifically, the last book of the sacred canon, containing the prophecies of St. John; the Apocalypse.
Revelation (n.) The act of revealing, disclosing, or discovering to others what was before unknown to them.
Revenge (n.) The disposition to revenge; a malignant wishing of evil to one who has done us an injury.
Revenge (v. t.) To inflict injury for, in a spiteful, wrong, or malignant spirit; to wreak vengeance for maliciously.
Revenue (n.) That which returns, or comes back, from an investment; the annual rents, profits, interest, or issues of any species of property, real or personal; income.
Revenue (n.) The annual yield of taxes, excise, customs, duties, rents, etc., which a nation, state, or municipality collects and receives into the treasury for public use.
Reverberate (v. i.) To be driven back; to be reflected or repelled, as rays of light; to be echoed, as sound.
Reverberate (v. t.) To return or send back; to repel or drive back; to echo, as sound; to reflect, as light, as light or heat.
Reverberate (v. t.) To send or force back; to repel from side to side; as, flame is reverberated in a furnace.
Revere (v. t.) To regard with reverence, or profound respect and affection, mingled with awe or fear; to venerate; to reverence; to honor in estimation.
Reverence (n.) A person entitled to be revered; -- a title applied to priests or other ministers with the pronouns his or your; sometimes poetically to a father.
Reverence (n.) Profound respect and esteem mingled with fear and affection, as for a holy being or place; the disposition to revere; veneration.
Reverence (n.) That which deserves or exacts manifestations of reverence; reverend character; dignity; state.
Reverence (v. t.) To regard or treat with reverence; to regard with respect and affection mingled with fear; to venerate.
Reverent (a.) Disposed to revere; impressed with reverence; submissive; humble; respectful; as, reverent disciples.
Reverent (a.) Expressing reverence, veneration, devotion, or submission; as, reverent words; reverent behavior.
Reverential (a.) Proceeding from, or expressing, reverence; having a reverent quality; reverent; as, reverential fear or awe.
Reversal (n.) A change or overthrowing; as, the reversal of a judgment, which amounts to an official declaration that it is false; the reversal of an attainder, or of an outlawry, by which the sentence is rendered void.
Reversal (n.) The act of reversing; the causing to move or face in an opposite direction, or to stand or lie in an inverted position; as, the reversal of a rotating wheel; the reversal of objects by a convex lens.
Reverse (a.) That which appears or is presented when anything, as a lance, a line, a course of conduct, etc., is reverted or turned contrary to its natural direction.
Reverse (a.) That which is directly opposite or contrary to something else; a contrary; an opposite.
Reverse (a.) The act of reversing; complete change; reversal; hence, total change in circumstances or character; especially, a change from better to worse; misfortune; a check or defeat; as, the enemy met with a reverse.
Reverse (a.) The back side; as, the reverse of a drum or trench; the reverse of a medal or coin, that is, the side opposite to the obverse. See Obverse.
Reverse (a.) To overthrow by a contrary decision; to make void; to under or annual for error; as, to reverse a judgment, sentence, or decree.
Reverse (a.) Turned backward; having a contrary or opposite direction; hence; opposite or contrary in kind; as, the reverse order or method.
Reversed (a.) Turned side for side, or end for end; changed to the contrary; specifically (Bot. & Zool.), sinistrorse or sinistral; as, a reversed, or sinistral, spiral or shell.
Reversible (a.) Capable of being reversed; as, a chair or seat having a reversible back; a reversible judgment or sentence.
Reversible (a.) Hence, having a pattern or finished surface on both sides, so that either may be used; -- said of fabrics.
Reversion (n.) A payment which is not to be received, or a benefit which does not begin, until the happening of some event, as the death of a living person.
Reversionary (a.) Of or pertaining to a reversion; involving a reversion; to be enjoyed in succession, or after the termination of a particular estate; as, a reversionary interest or right.
Reversioner (n.) One who has a reversion, or who is entitled to lands or tenements, after a particular estate granted is terminated.
Revert (v. i.) To change back, as from a soluble to an insoluble state or the reverse; thus, phosphoric acid in certain fertilizers reverts.
Revert (v. i.) To return to the proprietor after the termination of a particular estate granted by him.
Revert (v. i.) To return, wholly or in part, towards some preexistent form; to take on the traits or characters of an ancestral type.
Reverted (a.) Turned back; reversed. Specifically: (Her.) Bent or curved twice, in opposite directions, or in the form of an S.
Revertent (n.) A remedy which restores the natural order of the inverted irritative motions in the animal system.
Revery (n.) A loose or irregular train of thought occurring in musing or mediation; deep musing; daydream.
Revest (v. i.) To take effect or vest again, as a title; to revert to former owner; as, the title or right revests in A after alienation.
Revestiary (n.) The apartment, in a church or temple, where the vestments, etc., are kept; -- now contracted into vestry.
Revetment (v. t.) A facing of wood, stone, or any other material, to sustain an embankment when it receives a slope steeper than the natural slope; also, a retaining wall.
Review (n.) A periodical containing critical essays upon matters of interest, as new productions in literature, art, etc.
Review (n.) A second or repeated view; a reexamination; a retrospective survey; a looking over again; as, a review of one's studies; a review of life.
Review (n.) An examination with a view to amendment or improvement; revision; as, an author's review of his works.
Review (n.) An inspection, as of troops under arms or of a naval force, by a high officer, for the purpose of ascertaining the state of discipline, equipments, etc.
Review (n.) To go over with critical examination, in order to discover exellences or defects; hence, to write a critical notice of; as, to review a new novel.
Review (n.) To make a formal or official examination of the state of, as troops, and the like; as, to review a regiment.
Review (n.) To reconsider; to revise, as a manuscript before printing it, or a book for a new edition.
Review (n.) To reexamine judically; as, a higher court may review the proceedings and judgments of a lower one.
Reviewer (n.) One who reviews or reexamines; an inspector; one who examines publications critically, and publishes his opinion upon their merits; a professional critic of books.
Revisal (n.) The act of revising, or reviewing and reexamining for correction and improvement; revision; as, the revisal of a manuscript; the revisal of a proof sheet; the revisal of a treaty.
Revise (v. t.) To compare (a proof) with a previous proof of the same matter, and mark again such errors as have not been corrected in the type.
Revise (v. t.) To look at again for the detection of errors; to reexamine; to review; to look over with care for correction; as, to revise a writing; to revise a translation.
Revise (v. t.) To review, alter, and amend; as, to revise statutes; to revise an agreement; to revise a dictionary.
Revision (n.) The act of revising; reexamination for correction; review; as, the revision of a book or writing, or of a proof sheet; a revision of statutes.
Revival (n.) Reanimation from a state of langour or depression; -- applied to the health, spirits, and the like.
Revival (n.) Renewed interest in religion, after indifference and decline; a period of religious awakening; special religious interest.
Revival (n.) Renewed pursuit, or cultivation, or flourishing state of something, as of commerce, arts, agriculture.
Revival (n.) Restoration of force, validity, or effect; renewal; as, the revival of a debt barred by limitation; the revival of a revoked will, etc.
Revivalist (n.) A clergyman or layman who promotes revivals of religion; an advocate for religious revivals; sometimes, specifically, a clergyman, without a particular charge, who goes about to promote revivals. Also used adjectively.
Revive (v. i.) Hence, to recover from a state of neglect or disuse; as, to revive letters or learning.
Revive (v. i.) Hence, to recover from a state of oblivion, obscurity, neglect, or depression; as, classical learning revived in the fifteenth century.
Revive (v. i.) To raise from coma, languor, depression, or discouragement; to bring into action after a suspension.
Revive (v. i.) To renew in the mind or memory; to bring to recollection; to recall attention to; to reawaken.
Revive (v. i.) To restore or reduce to its natural or metallic state; as, to revive a metal after calcination.
Revive (v. i.) To return to life; to recover life or strength; to live anew; to become reanimated or reinvigorated.
Revivification (n.) Renewal of life; restoration of life; the act of recalling, or the state of being recalled, to life.
Revivor (n.) Revival of a suit which is abated by the death or marriage of any of the parties, -- done by a bill of revivor.
Revocation (n.) The act by which one, having the right, annuls an act done, a power or authority given, or a license, gift, or benefit conferred; repeal; reversal; as, the revocation of an edict, a power, a will, or a license.
Revocatory (a.) Of or pertaining to revocation; tending to, or involving, a revocation; revoking; recalling.
Revoke (v. i.) To fail to follow suit when holding a card of the suit led, in violation of the rule of the game; to renege.
Revoke (v. t.) Hence, to annul, by recalling or taking back; to repeal; to rescind; to cancel; to reverse, as anything granted by a special act; as, , to revoke a will, a license, a grant, a permission, a law, or the like.
Revolt (n.) Hence, to be faithless; to desert one party or leader for another; especially, to renounce allegiance or subjection; to rise against a government; to rebel.
Revolt (n.) The act of revolting; an uprising against legitimate authority; especially, a renunciation of allegiance and subjection to a government; rebellion; as, the revolt of a province of the Roman empire.
Revolt (n.) To be disgusted, shocked, or grossly offended; hence, to feel nausea; -- with at; as, the stomach revolts at such food; his nature revolts at cruelty.
Revolt (n.) To turn away; to abandon or reject something; specifically, to turn away, or shrink, with abhorrence.
Revolt (v. t.) To do violence to; to cause to turn away or shrink with abhorrence; to shock; as, to revolt the feelings.
Revolting (a.) Causing abhorrence mixed with disgust; exciting extreme repugnance; loathsome; as, revolting cruelty.
Revolution (n.) A fundamental change in political organization, or in a government or constitution; the overthrow or renunciation of one government, and the substitution of another, by the governed.
Revolution (n.) A total or radical change; as, a revolution in one's circumstances or way of living.
Revolution (n.) Return to a point before occupied, or to a point relatively the same; a rolling back; return; as, revolution in an ellipse or spiral.
Revolution (n.) The act of revolving, or turning round on an axis or a center; the motion of a body round a fixed point or line; rotation; as, the revolution of a wheel, of a top, of the earth on its axis, etc.
Revolution (n.) The space measured by the regular return of a revolving body; the period made by the regular recurrence of a measure of time, or by a succession of similar events.
Revolutionary (a.) Of or pertaining to a revolution in government; tending to, or promoting, revolution; as, revolutionary war; revolutionary measures; revolutionary agitators.
Revolve (v. i.) To turn or roll round on, or as on, an axis, like a wheel; to rotate, -- which is the more specific word in this sense.
Revolve (v. t.) Hence, to turn over and over in the mind; to reflect repeatedly upon; to consider all aspects of.
Revolver (n.) One who, or that which, revolves; specifically, a firearm ( commonly a pistol) with several chambers or barrels so arranged as to revolve on an axis, and be discharged in succession by the same lock; a repeater.
Revolving (a.) Making a revolution or revolutions; rotating; -- used also figuratively of time, seasons, etc., depending on the revolution of the earth.
Revulsion (n.) The act of turning or diverting any disease from one part of the body to another. It resembles derivation, but is usually applied to a more active form of counter irritation.
Reward (n.) Compensation or remuneration for services; a sum of money paid or taken for doing, or forbearing to do, some act.
Reward (n.) That which is given in return for good or evil done or received; esp., that which is offered or given in return for some service or attainment, as for excellence in studies, for the return of something lost, etc.; recompense; requital.
Reward (v. t.) To give in return, whether good or evil; -- commonly in a good sense; to requite; to recompense; to repay; to compensate.
Reword (v. t.) To alter the wording of; to restate in other words; as, to reword an idea or a passage.
Rh/tic (a.) Pertaining to, or of the same horizon as, certain Mesozoic strata of the Rhetian Alps. These strata are regarded as closing the Triassic period. See the Chart of Geology.
Rhabdite (n.) A minute smooth rodlike or fusiform structure found in the tissues of many Turbellaria.
Rhabdocoela (n. pl.) A suborder of Turbellaria including those that have a simple cylindrical, or saclike, stomach, without an intestine.
Rhabdolith (n.) A minute calcareous rodlike structure found both at the surface and the bottom of the ocean; -- supposed by some to be a calcareous alga.
Rhabdom (n.) One of numerous minute rodlike structures formed of two or more cells situated behind the retinulae in the compound eyes of insects, etc. See Illust. under Ommatidium.
Rhabdopleura (n.) A genus of marine Bryozoa in which the tubular cells have a centralchitinous axis and the tentacles are borne on a bilobed lophophore. It is the type of the order Pterobranchia, or Podostomata
Rhachilla (n.) A branch of inflorescence; the zigzag axis on which the florets are arranged in the spikelets of grasses.
Rhachiodont (a.) Having gular teeth formed by a peculiar modification of the inferior spines of some of the vertebrae, as certain South African snakes (Dasypeltis) which swallow birds' eggs and use these gular teeth to crush them.
Rhachis (n.) The continued stem or midrib of a pinnately compound leaf, as in a rose leaf or a fern.
Rhachis (n.) The shaft of a feather. The rhachis of the after-shaft, or plumule, is called the hyporhachis.
Rhadamanthus (n.) One of the three judges of the infernal regions; figuratively, a strictly just judge.
Rhamnaceous (a.) Of or pertaining to a natural order of shrubs and trees (Rhamnaceae, or Rhamneae) of which the buckthorn (Rhamnus) is the type. It includes also the New Jersey tea, the supple-jack, and one of the plants called lotus (Zizyphus).
Rhamnus (n.) A genus of shrubs and small trees; buckthorn. The California Rhamnus Purshianus and the European R. catharticus are used in medicine. The latter is used for hedges.
Rhamphorhynchus (n.) A genus of pterodactyls in which the elongated tail supported a leathery expansion at the tip.
Rhaphe (n.) The continuation of the seed stalk along the side of an anatropous ovule or seed, forming a ridge or seam.
Rhaphides (n. pl.) Minute transparent, often needle-shaped, crystals found in the tissues of plants.
Rhapsodist (n.) Anciently, one who recited or composed a rhapsody; especially, one whose profession was to recite the verses of Hormer and other epic poets.
Rhapsodist (n.) Hence, one who recites or sings poems for a livelihood; one who makes and repeats verses extempore.
Rhapsodist (n.) One who writes or speaks disconnectedly and with great excitement or affectation of feeling.
Rhapsody (n.) A composition irregular in form, like an improvisation; as, Liszt's "Hungarian Rhapsodies."
Rhapsody (n.) A disconnected series of sentences or statements composed under excitement, and without dependence or natural connection; rambling composition.
Rhapsody (n.) A recitation or song of a rhapsodist; a portion of an epic poem adapted for recitation, or usually recited, at one time; hence, a division of the Iliad or the Odyssey; -- called also a book.
Rhatanhy (n.) The powerfully astringent root of a half-shrubby Peruvian plant (Krameria triandra). It is used in medicine and to color port wine.
Rhea (n.) Any one of three species of large South American ostrichlike birds of the genera Rhea and Pterocnemia. Called also the American ostrich.
Rheic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid (commonly called chrysophanic acid) found in rhubarb (Rheum).
Rheochord (n.) A metallic wire used for regulating the resistance of a circuit, or varying the strength of an electric current, by inserting a greater or less length of it in the circuit.
Rheometer (n.) An instrument for measuring currents, especially the force or intensity of electrical currents; a galvanometer.
Rheostat (n.) A contrivance for adjusting or regulating the strength of electrical currents, operating usually by the intercalation of resistance which can be varied at will.
Rhetian (a.) Pertaining to the ancient Rhaeti, or Rhaetians, or to Rhaetia, their country; as, the Rhetian Alps, now the country of Tyrol and the Grisons.
Rhetoric (n.) Hence, artificial eloquence; fine language or declamation without conviction or earnest feeling.
Rhetorical (a.) Of or pertaining to rhetoric; according to, or exhibiting, rhetoric; oratorical; as, the rhetorical art; a rhetorical treatise; a rhetorical flourish.
Rhetorician (n.) An orator; specifically, an artificial orator without genuine eloquence; a declaimer.
Rheumatic (a.) Of or pertaining to rheumatism; as, rheumatic pains or affections; affected with rheumatism; as, a rheumatic old man; causing rheumatism; as, a rheumatic day.
Rheumatism (n.) A general disease characterized by painful, often multiple, local inflammations, usually affecting the joints and muscles, but also extending sometimes to the deeper organs, as the heart.
Rheumides (n. pl.) The class of skin disease developed by the dartrous diathesis. See under Dartrous.
Rhigolene (n.) A mixture of volatile hydrocarbons intermediate between gsolene and cymogene. It is obtained in the purification of crude petroleum, and is used as a refregerant.
Rhinencephalon (n.) The division of the brain in front of the prosencephalon, consisting of the two olfactory lobes from which the olfactory nerves arise.
Rhinestone (n.) A colorless stone of high luster, made of paste. It is much used as an inexpensive ornament.
Rhinolophid (n.) Any species of the genus Rhinilophus, or family Rhinolophidae, having a horseshoe-shaped nasal crest; a horseshoe bat.
Rhinoplasty (n.) Plastic surgery of the nose to correct deformity or to replace lost tissue. Tissue may be transplanted from the patient's cheek, forehead, arm, etc., or even from another person.
Rhinopome (n.) Any old-world bat of the genus Rhinopoma. The rhinopomes have a long tail extending beyond the web, and inhabit caves and tombs.
Rhinoscleroma (n.) A rare disease of the skin, characterized by the development of very hard, more or less flattened, prominences, appearing first upon the nose and subsequently upon the neighboring parts, esp. the lips, palate, and throat.
Rhinoscopy (n.) The examination or study of the soft palate, posterior nares, etc., by means of a laryngoscopic mirror introduced into the pharynx.
Rhipidoglossa (n. pl.) A division of gastropod mollusks having a large number of long, divergent, hooklike, lingual teeth in each transverse row. It includes the scutibranchs. See Illustration in Appendix.
Rhipipter (n.) One of the Rhipiptera, a group of insects having wings which fold like a fan; a strepsipter.
Rhizocarpous (a.) Having perennial rootstocks or bulbs, but annual flowering stems; -- said of all perennial herbs.
Rhizocephala (n. pl.) A division of Pectostraca including saclike parasites of Crustacea. They adhere by rootlike extensions of the head. See Illusration in Appendix.
Rhizogen (n.) One of a proposed class of flowering plants growning on the roots of other plants and destitute of green foliage.
Rhizostomata (n. pl.) A suborder of Medusae which includes very large species without marginal tentacles, but having large mouth lobes closely united at the edges. See Illust. in Appendix.
Rhodammonium (a.) Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, rhodium and ammonia; -- said of certain complex compounds.
Rhodanic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid (commonly called sulphocyanic acid) which frms a red color with ferric salts.
Rhodium (n.) A rare element of the light platinum group. It is found in platinum ores, and obtained free as a white inert metal which it is very difficult to fuse. Symbol Rh. Atomic weight 104.1. Specific gravity 12.
Rhodizonic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, a colorless crystalline substance (called rhodizonic acid, and carboxylic acid) obtained from potassium carboxide and from certain quinones. It forms brilliant red, yellow, and purple salts.
Rhodochrosite (n.) Manganese carbonate, a rose-red mineral sometimes occuring crystallized, but generally massive with rhombohedral cleavage like calcite; -- called also dialogite.
Rhododendron (n.) A genus of shrubs or small trees, often having handsome evergreen leaves, and remarkable for the beauty of their flowers; rosebay.
Rhodonite (n.) Manganese spar, or silicate of manganese, a mineral occuring crystallised and in rose-red masses. It is often used as an ornamental stone.
Rhodophane (n.) The red pigment contained in the inner segments of the cones of the retina in animals. See Chromophane.
Rhombogene (n.) A dicyemid which produces infusorialike embryos; -- opposed to nematogene. See Dicyemata.
Rhombohedral (a.) Related to the rhombohedron; presenting the form of a rhombohedron, or a form derivable from a rhombohedron; relating to a system of forms including the rhombohedron and scalenohedron.
Rhomboid (n.) An oblique-angled parallelogram like a rhomb, but having only the opposite sides equal, the length and with being different.
Rhonchus (n.) An adventitious whistling or snoring sound heard on auscultation of the chest when the air channels are partially obstructed. By some writers the term rhonchus is used as equivalent to rale in its widest sense. See Rale.
Rhopalic (a.) Applied to a line or verse in which each successive word has one more syllable than the preceding.
Rhopalocera (n. pl.) A division of Lepidoptera including all the butterflies. They differ from other Lepidoptera in having club-shaped antennae.
Rhotacism (n.) An oversounding, or a misuse, of the letter r; specifically (Phylol.), the tendency, exhibited in the Indo-European languages, to change s to r, as wese to were.
Rhubarb (n.) The large and fleshy leafstalks of Rheum Rhaponticum and other species of the same genus. They are pleasantly acid, and are used in cookery. Called also pieplant.
Rhumb (n.) A line which crosses successive meridians at a constant angle; -- called also rhumb line, and loxodromic curve. See Loxodromic.
Rhusma (n.) A mixtire of caustic lime and orpiment, or tersulphide of arsenic, -- used in the depilation of hides.
Rhyme (n.) An expression of thought in numbers, measure, or verse; a composition in verse; a rhymed tale; poetry; harmony of language.
Rhyme (n.) Verses, usually two, having this correspondence with each other; a couplet; a poem containing rhymes.
Rhynchobdellea (n. pl.) A suborder of leeches including those that have a protractile proboscis, without jaws. Clepsine is the type.
Rhynchonella (n.) A genus of brachiopods of which some species are still living, while many are found fossil.
Rhynchophora (n. pl.) A group of Coleoptera having a snoutlike head; the snout beetles, curculios, or weevils.
Rhysimeter (n.) An instrument, acting on the principle of Pitot's tube, for measuring the velocity of a fluid current, the speed of a ship, etc.
Rhythm (n.) A division of lines into short portions by a regular succession of arses and theses, or percussions and remissions of voice on words or syllables.
Rhythm (n.) In the widest sense, a dividing into short portions by a regular succession of motions, impulses, sounds, accents, etc., producing an agreeable effect, as in music poetry, the dance, or the like.
Rhythm (n.) Movement in musical time, with periodical recurrence of accent; the measured beat or pulse which marks the character and expression of the music; symmetry of movement and accent.
Rial (n.) A gold coin formerly current in England, of the value of ten shillings sterling in the reign of Henry VI., and of fifteen shillings in the reign of Elizabeth.
Riant (a.) Laughing; laughable; exciting gayety; gay; merry; delightful to the view, as a landscape.
Rib (n.) A projecting mold, or group of moldings, forming with others a pattern, as on a ceiling, ornamental door, or the like.
Rib (n.) One of the curved bones attached to the vertebral column and supporting the lateral walls of the thorax.
Rib (n.) One of the timbers, or bars of iron or steel, that branch outward and upward from the keel, to support the skin or planking, and give shape and strength to the vessel.
Ribaldry (n.) The talk of a ribald; low, vulgar language; indecency; obscenity; lewdness; -- now chiefly applied to indecent language, but formerly, as by Chaucer, also to indecent acts or conduct.
Ribaudequin (n.) An engine of war used in the Middle Ages, consisting of a protected elevated staging on wheels, and armed in front with pikes. It was (after the 14th century) furnished with small cannon.
Ribband (n.) A long, narrow strip of timber bent and bolted longitudinally to the ribs of a vessel, to hold them in position, and give rigidity to the framework.
Ribbing (n.) An assemblage or arrangement of ribs, as the timberwork for the support of an arch or coved ceiling, the veins in the leaves of some plants, ridges in the fabric of cloth, or the like.
Ribbon (n.) A fillet or narrow woven fabric, commonly of silk, used for trimming some part of a woman's attire, for badges, and other decorative purposes.
Ribbonwood (n.) A malvaceous tree (Hoheria populnea) of New Zealand, the bark of which is used for cordage.
Ribwort (n.) A species of plantain (Plantago lanceolata) with long, narrow, ribbed leaves; -- called also rib grass, ripple grass, ribwort plantain.
Rice-shell (n.) Any one of numerous species of small white polished marine shells of the genus Olivella.
Rich (superl.) Abounding in humor; exciting amusement; entertaining; as, the scene was a rich one; a rich incident or character.
Rich (superl.) Composed of valuable or costly materials or ingredients; procured at great outlay; highly valued; precious; sumptuous; costly; as, a rich dress; rich silk or fur; rich presents.
Rich (superl.) Having an abundance of material possessions; possessed of a large amount of property; well supplied with land, goods, or money; wealthy; opulent; affluent; -- opposed to poor.
Rich (superl.) Hence, in general, well supplied; abounding; abundant; copious; bountiful; as, a rich treasury; a rich entertainment; a rich crop.
Rich (superl.) Yielding large returns; productive or fertile; fruitful; as, rich soil or land; a rich mine.
Riches (a.) That which makes one rich; an abundance of land, goods, money, or other property; wealth; opulence; affluence.
Richweed (n.) An herb (Pilea pumila) of the Nettle family, having a smooth, juicy, pellucid stem; -- called also clearweed.
Ricinelaidic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, an isomeric modification of ricinoleic acid obtained as a white crystalline solid.
Ricinelaidin (n.) The glycerin salt of ricinelaidic acid, obtained as a white crystalline waxy substance by treating castor oil with nitrous acid.
Ricinic (a.) Pertaining to, or derived from, castor oil; formerly, designating an acid now called ricinoleic acid.
Ricinoleic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, a fatty acid analogous to oleic acid, obtained from castor oil as an oily substance, C/H/O/ with a harsh taste. Formerly written ricinolic.
Ricinolein (n.) The glycerin salt of ricinoleic acid, occuring as a characteristic constituent of castor oil; -- formerly called palmin.
Ricinus (n.) A genus of plants of the Spurge family, containing but one species (R. communis), the castor-oil plant. The fruit is three-celled, and contains three large seeds from which castor oil iss expressed. See Palma Christi.
Rick (n.) A stack or pile, as of grain, straw, or hay, in the open air, usually protected from wet with thatching.
Ricochet (n.) A rebound or skipping, as of a ball along the ground when a gun is fired at a low angle of elevation, or of a fiat stone thrown along the surface of water.
Ricochet (v. i.) To skip with a rebound or rebounds, as a flat stone on the surface of water, or a cannon ball on the ground. See Ricochet, n.
Riddle (n.) A sieve with coarse meshes, usually of wire, for separating coarser materials from finer, as chaff from grain, cinders from ashes, or gravel from sand.
Riddle (n.) Something proposed to be solved by guessing or conjecture; a puzzling question; an ambiguous proposition; an enigma; hence, anything ambiguous or puzzling.
Riddle (v. t.) To perforate so as to make like a riddle; to make many holes in; as, a house riddled with shot.
Riddle (v. t.) To separate, as grain from the chaff, with a riddle; to pass through a riddle; as, riddle wheat; to riddle coal or gravel.
Ride (n.) A road or avenue cut in a wood, or through grounds, to be used as a place for riding; a riding.
Ride (v. i.) To be borne in a carriage; as, to ride in a coach, in a car, and the like. See Synonym, below.
Ride (v. i.) To support a rider, as a horse; to move under the saddle; as, a horse rides easy or hard, slow or fast.
Rider (n.) A small forked weight which straddles the beam of a balance, along which it can be moved in the manner of the weight on a steelyard.
Rider (n.) An interior rib occasionally fixed in a ship's hold, reaching from the keelson to the beams of the lower deck, to strengthen her frame.
Rider (n.) Formerly, an agent who went out with samples of goods to obtain orders; a commercial traveler.
Ridge (n.) A raised line or strip, as of ground thrown up by a plow or left between furrows or ditches, or as on the surface of metal, cloth, or bone, etc.
Ridge (n.) A range of hills or mountains, or the upper part of such a range; any extended elevation between valleys.
Ridge (n.) The intersection of two surface forming a salient angle, especially the angle at the top between the opposite slopes or sides of a roof or a vault.
Ridge (v. t.) To form a ridge of; to furnish with a ridge or ridges; to make into a ridge or ridges.
Ridgeband (n.) The part of a harness which passes over the saddle, and supports the shafts of a cart; -- called also ridgerope, and ridger.
Ridiculosity (n.) The quality or state of being ridiculous; ridiculousness; also, something ridiculous.
Ridiculous (a.) Fitted to excite ridicule; absurd and laughable; unworthy of serious consideration; as, a ridiculous dress or behavior.
Riding (a.) Used for riding, or when riding; devoted to riding; as, a riding whip; a riding habit; a riding day.
Riding (n.) One of the three jurisdictions into which the county of York, in England, is divided; -- formerly under the government of a reeve. They are called the North, the East, and the West, Riding.
Ridotto (n.) A favorite Italian public entertainment, consisting of music and dancing, -- held generally on fast eves.
Rietboc (n.) The reedbuck, a South African antelope (Cervicapra arundinacea); -- so called from its frequenting dry places covered with high grass or reeds. Its color is yellowish brown. Called also inghalla, and rietbok.
Riffle (n.) A trough or sluice having cleats, grooves, or steps across the bottom for holding quicksilver and catching particles of gold when auriferous earth is washed; also, one of the cleats, grooves, or steps in such a trough. Also called ripple.
Rifle (n.) A gun, the inside of whose barrel is grooved with spiral channels, thus giving the ball a rotary motion and insuring greater accuracy of fire. As a military firearm it has superseded the musket.
Rifle (v. t.) To grove; to channel; especially, to groove internally with spiral channels; as, to rifle a gun barrel or a cannon.
Riflebird (n.) Any one of several species of beautiful birds of Australia and New Guinea, of the genera Ptiloris and Craspidophora, allied to the paradise birds.
Rig (n.) The peculiar fitting in shape, number, and arrangement of sails and masts, by which different types of vessels are distinguished; as, schooner rig, ship rig, etc. See Illustration in Appendix.
Rig (v. t.) To dress; to equip; to clothe, especially in an odd or fanciful manner; -- commonly followed by out.
Riga fir () A species of pine (Pinus sylvestris), and its wood, which affords a valuable timber; -- called also Scotch pine, and red / yellow deal. It grows in all parts of Europe, in the Caucasus, and in Siberia.
Rigadoon (n.) A gay, lively dance for one couple, -- said to have been borrowed from Provence in France.
Rigging (n.) DRess; tackle; especially (Naut.), the ropes, chains, etc., that support the masts and spars of a vessel, and serve as purchases for adjusting the sails, etc. See Illustr. of Ship and Sails.
Right (a.) A just judgment or action; that which is true or proper; justice; uprightness; integrity.
Right (a.) According with truth; passing a true judgment; conforming to fact or intent; not mistaken or wrong; not erroneous; correct; as, this is the right faith.
Right (a.) Conformed to the constitution of man and the will of God, or to justice and equity; not deviating from the true and just; according with truth and duty; just; true.
Right (a.) Fit; suitable; proper; correct; becoming; as, the right man in the right place; the right way from London to Oxford.
Right (a.) In some legislative bodies of Europe (as in France), those members collectively who are conservatives or monarchists. See Center, 5.
Right (a.) That which justly belongs to one; that which one has a claim to possess or own; the interest or share which anyone has in a piece of property; title; claim; interest; ownership.
Right (a.) That which one has a legal or social claim to do or to exact; legal power; authority; as, a sheriff has a right to arrest a criminal.
Right (a.) The straight course; adherence to duty; obedience to lawful authority, divine or human; freedom from guilt, -- the opposite of moral wrong.
Right (a.) To bring or restore to the proper or natural position; to set upright; to make right or straight (that which has been wrong or crooked); to correct.
Right (a.) To do justice to; to relieve from wrong; to restore rights to; to assert or regain the rights of; as, to right the oppressed; to right one's self; also, to vindicate.
Right (a.) Upright; erect from a base; having an upright axis; not oblique; as, right ascension; a right pyramid or cone.
Right (adv.) According to fact or truth; actually; truly; really; correctly; exactly; as, to tell a story right.
Right (adv.) According to the law or will of God; conforming to the standard of truth and justice; righteously; as, to live right; to judge right.
Right (adv.) In a great degree; very; wholly; unqualifiedly; extremely; highly; as, right humble; right noble; right valiant.
Right (adv.) In a right or straight line; directly; hence; straightway; immediately; next; as, he stood right before me; it went right to the mark; he came right out; he followed right after the guide.
Right whale () Any other whale that produces valuable whalebone, as the Atlantic, or Biscay, right whale (Balaena cisarctica), and the Pacific right whale (B. Sieboldii); a bone whale.
Right whale () The bowhead, Arctic, or Greenland whale (Balaena mysticetus), from whose mouth the best whalebone is obtained.
Right-about (n.) A turning directly about by the right, so as to face in the opposite direction; also, the quarter directly opposite; as, to turn to the right-about.
Right-hand (a.) Situated or being on the right; nearer the right hand than the left; as, the right-hand side, room, or road.
Right-handed (a.) Having the same direction or course as the movement of the hands of a watch seen in front; -- said of the motion of a revolving object looked at from a given direction.
Right-handed (a.) Having the whorls rising from left to right; dextral; -- said of spiral shells. See Illust. of Scalaria.
Righteous (a.) Doing, or according with, that which is right; yielding to all their due; just; equitable; especially, free from wrong, guilt, or sin; holy; as, a righteous man or act; a righteous retribution.
Righteousness (n.) The quality or state of being righteous; holiness; purity; uprightness; rectitude.
Righteousness (n.) The state of being right with God; justification; the work of Christ, which is the ground of justification.
Rightful (a.) Belonging, held, or possessed by right, or by just claim; as, a rightful inheritance; rightful authority.
Rightful (a.) Having the right or just claim according to established laws; being or holding by right; as, the rightful heir to a throne or an estate; a rightful king.
Rightly (adv.) According to justice; according to the divine will or moral rectitude; uprightly; as, duty rightly performed.
Rigid (a.) Hence, not lax or indulgent; severe; inflexible; strict; as, a rigid father or master; rigid discipline; rigid criticism; a rigid sentence.
Rigidity (n.) The quality or state of being rigid; want of pliability; the quality of resisting change of form; the amount of resistance with which a body opposes change of form; -- opposed to flexibility, ductility, malleability, and softness.
Rigoll (n.) A musical instrument formerly in use, consisting of several sticks bound together, but separated by beads, and played with a stick with a ball at its end.
Rigor (n.) A sense of chilliness, with contraction of the skin; a convulsive shuddering or tremor, as in the chill preceding a fever.
Rigor (n.) Exactness without allowance, deviation, or indulgence; strictness; as, the rigor of criticism; to execute a law with rigor; to enforce moral duties with rigor; -- opposed to lenity.
Rigor (n.) Severity of climate or season; inclemency; as, the rigor of the storm; the rigors of winter.
Rigor (n.) Stiffness of opinion or temper; rugged sternness; hardness; relentless severity; hard-heartedness; cruelty.
Rigsdaler (n.) A Danish coin worth about fifty-four cents. It was the former unit of value in Denmark.
Riksdaler (n.) A Swedish coin worth about twenty-seven cents. It was formerly the unit of value in Sweden.
Rille (n.) One of certain narrow, crooked valleys seen, by aid of the telescope, on the surface of the moon.
Rim (n.) The border, edge, or margin of a thing, usually of something circular or curving; as, the rim of a kettle or basin.
Rimbase (n.) A short cylinder connecting a trunnion with the body of a cannon. See Illust. of Cannon.
Rimmer (n.) An implement for cutting, trimming, or ornamenting the rim of anything, as the edges of pies, etc.; also, a reamer.
Rind (n.) The external covering or coat, as of flesh, fruit, trees, etc.; skin; hide; bark; peel; shell.
Rinderpest (n.) A highly contagious distemper or murrain, affecting neat cattle, and less commonly sheep and goats; -- called also cattle plague, Russian cattle plague, and steppe murrain.
Rinforzando (a.) Increasing; strengthening; -- a direction indicating a sudden increase of force (abbreviated rf., rfz.) Cf. Forzando, and Sforzando.
Ring (n.) A clique; an exclusive combination of persons for a selfish purpose, as to control the market, distribute offices, obtain contracts, etc.
Ring (n.) An elastic band partly or wholly encircling the spore cases of ferns. See Illust. of Sporangium.
Ring (n.) An instrument, formerly used for taking the sun's altitude, consisting of a brass ring suspended by a swivel, with a hole at one side through which a solar ray entering indicated the altitude on the graduated inner surface opposite.
Ring (n.) Any loud sound; the sound of numerous voices; a sound continued, repeated, or reverberated.
Ring (n.) Specifically, a circular ornament of gold or other precious material worn on the finger, or attached to the ear, the nose, or some other part of the person; as, a wedding ring.
Ring (n.) The solid generated by the revolution of a circle, or other figure, about an exterior straight line (as an axis) lying in the same plane as the circle or other figure.
Ring (v. t.) To make a ring around by cutting away the bark; to girdle; as, to ring branches or roots.
Ringbone (n.) A morbid growth or deposit of bony matter between or on the small pastern and the great pastern bones.
Ringdove (n.) A European wild pigeon (Columba palumbus) having a white crescent on each side of the neck, whence the name. Called also wood pigeon, and cushat.
Ringent (a.) Having the lips widely separated and gaping like an open mouth; as a ringent bilabiate corolla.
Ringleader (n.) Opprobriously, a leader of a body of men engaged in the violation of law or in an illegal enterprise, as rioters, mutineers, or the like.
Ringleader (n.) The leader of a circle of dancers; hence, the leader of a number of persons acting together; the leader of a herd of animals.
Ringtail (n.) A light sail set abaft and beyong the leech of a boom-and-gaff sail; -- called also ringsail.
Ringtoss (n.) A game in which the object is to toss a ring so that it will catch upon an upright stick.
Rink (n.) An artificial sheet of ice, generally under cover, used for skating; also, a floor prepared for skating on with roller skates, or a building with such a floor.
Rinse (v. t.) To cleancse by the introduction of water; -- applied especially to hollow vessels; as, to rinse a bottle.
Rinse (v. t.) To wash lightly; to cleanse with a second or repeated application of water after washing.
Riot (n.) The tumultuous disturbance of the public peace by an unlawful assembly of three or more persons in the execution of some private object.
Riot (v. i.) To engage in riot; to act in an unrestrained or wanton manner; to indulge in excess of luxury, feasting, or the like; to revel; to run riot; to go to excess.
Rip (n.) A term applied to a mean, worthless thing or person, as to a scamp, a debauchee, or a prostitute, or a worn-out horse.
Rip (v. t.) To tear up for search or disclosure, or for alteration; to search to the bottom; to discover; to disclose; -- usually with up.
Ripe (superl.) Ready for reaping or gathering; having attained perfection; mature; -- said of fruits, seeds, etc.; as, ripe grain.
Ripen (v. i.) To grow ripe; to become mature, as grain, fruit, flowers, and the like; as, grapes ripen in the sun.
Ripeness (n.) The state or quality of being ripe; maturity;; completeness; perfection; as, the ripeness of grain; ripeness of manhood; ripeness of judgment.
Ripidolite (n.) A translucent mineral of a green color and micaceous structure, belonging to the chlorite group; a hydrous silicate of alumina, magnesia, and iron; -- called also clinochlore.
Ripieno (a.) Filling up; supplementary; supernumerary; -- a term applied to those instruments which only swell the mass or tutti of an orchestra, but are not obbligato.
Ripple (n.) A little wave or undulation; a sound such as is made by little waves; as, a ripple of laughter.
Ripple (n.) a small wave on the surface of water or other liquids for which the driving force is not gravity, but surface tension.
Ripple (n.) the residual AC component in the DC current output from a rectifier, expressed as a percentage of the steady component of the current.
Ripple (v. i.) To become fretted or dimpled on the surface, as water when agitated or running over a rough bottom; to be covered with small waves or undulations, as a field of grain.
Ripple (v. i.) To make a sound as of water running gently over a rough bottom, or the breaking of ripples on the shore.
Ripple (v. t.) To fret or dimple, as the surface of running water; to cover with small waves or undulations; as, the breeze rippled the lake.
Ripple (v.) An implement, with teeth like those of a comb, for removing the seeds and seed vessels from flax, broom corn, etc.
Ripply (a.) Having ripples; as, ripply water; hence, resembling the sound of rippling water; as, ripply laughter; a ripply cove.
Riprap (n.) A foundation or sustaining wall of stones thrown together without order, as in deep water or on a soft bottom.
Ripsaw (v. t.) A handsaw with coarse teeth which have but a slight set, used for cutting wood in the direction of the fiber; -- called also ripping saw.
Rise (n.) The distance through which anything rises; as, the rise of the thermometer was ten degrees; the rise of the river was six feet; the rise of an arch or of a step.
Rise (v.) To be lifted, or to admit of being lifted, from the imposing stone without dropping any of the type; -- said of a form.
Rise (v.) To become apparent; to emerge into sight; to come forth; to appear; as, an eruption rises on the skin; the land rises to view to one sailing toward the shore.
Rise (v.) To become more and more dignified or forcible; to increase in interest or power; -- said of style, thought, or discourse; as, to rise in force of expression; to rise in eloquence; a story rises in interest.
Rise (v.) To become perceptible to other senses than sight; as, a noise rose on the air; odor rises from the flower.
Rise (v.) To grow upward; to attain a certain height; as, this elm rises to the height of seventy feet.
Rise (v.) To move from a lower position to a higher; to ascend; to mount up. Specifically: -- (a) To go upward by walking, climbing, flying, or any other voluntary motion; as, a bird rises in the air; a fish rises to the bait.
Rise (v.) To reach a higher level by increase of quantity or bulk; to swell; as, a river rises in its bed; the mercury rises in the thermometer.
Rise (v.) To swell or puff up in the process of fermentation; to become light, as dough, and the like.
Rise (v.) To terminate an official sitting; to adjourn; as, the committee rose after agreeing to the report.
Rising (a.) Attaining a higher place; taking, or moving in, an upward direction; appearing above the horizon; ascending; as, the rising moon.
Rising (a.) Growing; advancing to adult years and to the state of active life; as, the rising generation.
Risk (n.) To expose to risk, hazard, or peril; to venture; as, to risk goods on board of a ship; to risk one's person in battle; to risk one's fame by a publication.
Rissoid (n.) Any one of very numerous species of small spiral gastropods of the genus Rissoa, or family Rissoidae, found both in fresh and salt water.
Rite (n.) The act of performing divine or solemn service, as established by law, precept, or custom; a formal act of religion or other solemn duty; a solemn observance; a ceremony; as, the rites of freemasonry.
Ritornello (n.) A short intermediate symphony, or instrumental passage, in the course of a vocal piece; an interlude.
Ritornello (n.) A short return or repetition; a concluding symphony to an air, often consisting of the burden of the song.
Ritual (n.) A prescribed form of performing divine service in a particular church or communion; as, the Jewish ritual.
Ritual (n.) Hence, the code of ceremonies observed by an organization; as, the ritual of the freemasons.
Ritualism (n.) A system founded upon a ritual or prescribed form of religious worship; adherence to, or observance of, a ritual.
Rival (a.) Having the same pretensions or claims; standing in competition for superiority; as, rival lovers; rival claims or pretensions.
Rival (n.) One who is in pursuit of the same object as another; one striving to reach or obtain something which another is attempting to obtain, and which one only can posses; a competitor; as, rivals in love; rivals for a crown.
Rival (v. t.) To stand in competition with; to strive to gain some object in opposition to; as, to rival one in love.
Rive (v. t.) To rend asunder by force; to split; to cleave; as, to rive timber for rails or shingles.
River (n.) A large stream of water flowing in a bed or channel and emptying into the ocean, a sea, a lake, or another stream; a stream larger than a rivulet or brook.
Rivet (v. t.) Hence, to fasten firmly; to make firm, strong, or immovable; as, to rivet friendship or affection.
Rivet (v. t.) To spread out the end or point of, as of a metallic pin, rod, or bolt, by beating or pressing, so as to form a sort of head.
Riveting (n.) The act of joining with rivets; the act of spreading out and clinching the end, as of a rivet, by beating or pressing.
Ro-setta stone () A stone found at Rosetta, in Egypt, bearing a trilingual inscription, by aid of which, with other inscriptions, a key was obtained to the hieroglyphics of ancient Egypt.
Roach (n.) A convex curve or arch cut in the edge of a sail to prevent chafing, or to secure a better fit.
Roach (n.) A European fresh-water fish of the Carp family (Leuciscus rutilus). It is silver-white, with a greenish back.
Roach-backed (a.) Having a back like that of roach; -- said of a horse whose back a convex instead of a concave curve.
Road (n.) A place where one may ride; an open way or public passage for vehicles, persons, and animals; a track for travel, forming a means of communication between one city, town, or place, and another.
Road (n.) A place where ships may ride at anchor at some distance from the shore; a roadstead; -- often in the plural; as, Hampton Roads.
Roadbed (n.) In railroads, the bed or foundation on which the superstructure (ties, rails, etc.) rests; in common roads, the whole material laid in place and ready for travel.
Roadside (n.) Land adjoining a road or highway; the part of a road or highway that borders the traveled part. Also used ajectively.
Roadster (n.) A clumsy vessel that works its way from one anchorage to another by means of the tides.
Roadster (n.) A horse that is accustomed to traveling on the high road, or is suitable for use on ordinary roads.
Roam (v. i.) To go from place to place without any certain purpose or direction; to rove; to wander.
Roan (a.) Having a bay, chestnut, brown, or black color, with gray or white thickly interspersed; -- said of a horse.
Roan (n.) A kind of leather used for slippers, bookbinding, etc., made from sheepskin, tanned with sumac and colored to imitate ungrained morocco.
Roar (n.) A loud, continuous, and confused sound; as, the roar of a cannon, of the wind, or the waves; the roar of ocean.
Roar (v. i.) To make a loud, confused sound, as winds, waves, passing vehicles, a crowd of persons when shouting together, or the like.
Roaring (n.) A loud, deep, prolonged sound, as of a large beast, or of a person in distress, anger, mirth, etc., or of a noisy congregation.
Roaring (n.) An affection of the windpipe of a horse, causing a loud, peculiar noise in breathing under exertion; the making of the noise so caused. See Roar, v. i., 5.
Roast (n.) That which is roasted; a piece of meat which has been roasted, or is suitable for being roasted.
Roast (v. t.) To cook by exposure to radiant heat before a fire; as, to roast meat on a spit, or in an oven open toward the fire and having reflecting surfaces within; also, to cook in a close oven.
Roast (v. t.) To cook by surrounding with hot embers, ashes, sand, etc.; as, to roast a potato in ashes.
Roast (v. t.) To dry and parch by exposure to heat; as, to roast coffee; to roast chestnuts, or peanuts.
Rob (n.) The inspissated juice of ripe fruit, obtained by evaporation of the juice over a fire till it acquires the consistence of a sirup. It is sometimes mixed with honey or sugar.
Rob (v. t.) To deprive of, or withhold from, unjustly or injuriously; to defraud; as, to rob one of his rest, or of his good name; a tree robs the plants near it of sunlight.
Rob (v. t.) To take (something) away from by force; to strip by stealing; to plunder; to pillage; to steal from.
Rob (v. t.) To take the property of (any one) from his person, or in his presence, feloniously, and against his will, by violence or by putting him in fear.
Robber (n.) One who robs; in law, one who feloniously takes goods or money from the person of another by violence or by putting him in fear.
Robbin (n.) A kind of package in which pepper and other dry commodities are sometimes exported from the East Indies. The robbin of rice in Malabar weighs about 84 pounds.
Robe (v. t.) A skin of an animal, especially, a skin of the bison, dressed with the fur on, and used as a wrap.
Robe (v. t.) An outer garment; a dress of a rich, flowing, and elegant style or make; hence, a dress of state, rank, office, or the like.
Robin (n.) A small European singing bird (Erythacus rubecula), having a reddish breast; -- called also robin redbreast, robinet, and ruddock.
Robin (n.) An American singing bird (Merula migratoria), having the breast chestnut, or dull red. The upper parts are olive-gray, the head and tail blackish. Called also robin redbreast, and migratory thrush.
Robin (n.) Any one of several species of Australian warblers of the genera Petroica, Melanadrays, and allied genera; as, the scarlet-breasted robin (Petroica mullticolor).
Robinia (n.) A genus of leguminous trees including the common locust of North America (Robinia Pseudocacia).
Robust (a.) Evincing strength; indicating vigorous health; strong; sinewy; muscular; vigorous; sound; as, a robust body; robust youth; robust health.
Rocambole (n.) A name of Allium Scorodoprasum and A. Ascalonium, two kinds of garlic, the latter of which is also called shallot.
Roccellic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, a dibasic acid of the oxalic series found in archil (Roccella tinctoria, etc.), and other lichens, and extracted as a white crystalline substance C17H32O4.
Roccellin (n.) A red dyestuff, used as a substitute for cochineal, archil, etc. It consists of the sodium salt of a complex azo derivative of naphtol.
Roche alum () A kind of alum occuring in small fragments; -- so called from Rocca, in Syria, whence alum is said to have been obtained; -- also called rock alum.
Rochet (n.) A linen garment resembling the surplise, but with narrower sleeves, also without sleeves, worn by bishops, and by some other ecclesiastical dignitaries, in certain religious ceremonies.
Rock (n.) A distaff used in spinning; the staff or frame about which flax is arranged, and from which the thread is drawn in spinning.
Rock (n.) Any natural deposit forming a part of the earth's crust, whether consolidated or not, including sand, earth, clay, etc., when in natural beds.
Rock (n.) Fig.: Anything which causes a disaster or wreck resembling the wreck of a vessel upon a rock.
Rock (v. i.) To move or be moved backward and forward; to be violently agitated; to reel; to totter.
Rock (v. t.) To cause to sway backward and forward, as a body resting on a support beneath; as, to rock a cradle or chair; to cause to vibrate; to cause to reel or totter.
Rocker (n.) Any implement or machine working with a rocking motion, as a trough mounted on rockers for separating gold dust from gravel, etc., by agitation in water.
Rocket (v. i.) To rise straight up; said of birds; usually in the present participle or as an adjective.
Rocketer (n.) A bird, especially a pheasant, which, being flushed, rises straight in the air like a rocket.
Rockfish (n.) Any one of several California scorpaenoid food fishes of the genus Sebastichthys, as the red rockfish (S. ruber). They are among the most important of California market fishes. Called also rock cod, and garrupa.
Rocking-stone (n.) A stone, often of great size and weight, resting upon another stone, and so exactly poised that it can be rocked, or slightly moved, with but little force.
Rockling (n.) Any species of small marine fishes of the genera Onos and Rhinonemus (formerly Motella), allied to the cod. They have three or four barbels.
Rockrose (n.) A name given to any species of the genus Helianthemum, low shrubs or herbs with yellow flowers, especially the European H. vulgare and the American frostweed, H. Canadense.
Rocky (a.) Full of, or abounding in, rocks; consisting of rocks; as, a rocky mountain; a rocky shore.
Rocoa (n.) The orange-colored pulp covering the seeds of the tropical plant Bixa Orellana, from which annotto is prepared. See Annoto.
Rococo (n.) A florid style of ornamentation which prevailed in Europe in the latter part of the eighteenth century.
Rod (n.) A kind of sceptor, or badge of office; hence, figuratively, power; authority; tyranny; oppression.
Rod (n.) A member used in tension, as for sustaining a suspended weight, or in tension and compression, as for transmitting reciprocating motion, etc.; a connecting bar.
Rod (n.) A straight and slender stick; a wand; hence, any slender bar, as of wood or metal (applied to various purposes).
Rodent (v. t.) Gnawing; biting; corroding; (Med.) applied to a destructive variety of cancer or ulcer.
Rodentia (a.) An order of mammals having two (rarely four) large incisor teeth in each jaw, distant from the molar teeth. The rats, squirrels, rabbits, marmots, and beavers belong to this order.
Roe (n.) The ova or spawn of fishes and amphibians, especially when still inclosed in the ovarian membranes. Sometimes applied, loosely, to the sperm and the testes of the male.
Roebuck (n.) A small European and Asiatic deer (Capreolus capraea) having erect, cylindrical, branched antlers, forked at the summit. This, the smallest European deer, is very nimble and graceful. It always prefers a mountainous country, or high grounds.
Rogation (n.) The demand, by the consuls or tribunes, of a law to be passed by the people; a proposed law or decree.
Rogatory (a.) Seeking information; authorized to examine witnesses or ascertain facts; as, a rogatory commission.
Rogue (n.) An elephant that has separated from a herd and roams about alone, in which state it is very savage.
Rogue (n.) One who is pleasantly mischievous or frolicsome; hence, often used as a term of endearment.
Roil (v.) To disturb, as the temper; to ruffle the temper of; to rouse the passion of resentment in; to perplex.
Roil (v.) To render turbid by stirring up the dregs or sediment of; as, to roil wine, cider, etc. , in casks or bottles; to roil a spring.
Role (n.) A part, or character, performed by an actor in a drama; hence, a part of function taken or assumed by any one; as, he has now taken the role of philanthropist.
Roll (n.) To apply (one line or surface) to another without slipping; to bring all the parts of (one line or surface) into successive contact with another, in suck manner that at every instant the parts that have been in contact are equal.
Roll (n.) To bind or involve by winding, as in a bandage; to inwrap; -- often with up; as, to roll up a parcel.
Roll (n.) To cause to revolve by turning over and over; to move by turning on an axis; to impel forward by causing to turn over and over on a supporting surface; as, to roll a wheel, a ball, or a barrel.
Roll (n.) To drive or impel forward with an easy motion, as of rolling; as, a river rolls its waters to the ocean.
Roll (n.) To press or level with a roller; to spread or form with a roll, roller, or rollers; as, to roll a field; to roll paste; to roll steel rails, etc.
Roll (n.) To utter copiously, esp. with sounding words; to utter with a deep sound; -- often with forth, or out; as, to roll forth some one's praises; to roll out sentences.
Roll (n.) To wrap round on itself; to form into a spherical or cylindrical body by causing to turn over and over; as, to roll a sheet of paper; to roll parchment; to roll clay or putty into a ball.
Roll (v. i.) To be wound or formed into a cylinder or ball; as, the cloth rolls unevenly; the snow rolls well.
Roll (v. i.) To beat a drum with strokes so rapid that they can scarcely be distinguished by the ear.
Roll (v. i.) To incline first to one side, then to the other; to rock; as, there is a great difference in ships about rolling; in a general semse, to be tossed about.
Roll (v. i.) To move, as a curved object may, along a surface by rotation without sliding; to revolve upon an axis; to turn over and over; as, a ball or wheel rolls on the earth; a body rolls on an inclined plane.
Roll (v. i.) To perform a periodical revolution; to move onward as with a revolution; as, the rolling year; ages roll away.
Roll (v.) A document written on a piece of parchment, paper, or other materials which may be rolled up; a scroll.
Roll (v.) A quantity of cloth wound into a cylindrical form; as, a roll of carpeting; a roll of ribbon.
Roll (v.) One of a set of revolving cylinders, or rollers, between which metal is pressed, formed, or smoothed, as in a rolling mill; as, to pass rails through the rolls.
Roll (v.) The oscillating movement of a vessel from side to side, in sea way, as distinguished from the alternate rise and fall of bow and stern called pitching.
Roll (v.) The uniform beating of a drum with strokes so rapid as scarcely to be distinguished by the ear.
Roller (n.) A cylinder coated with a composition made principally of glue and molassess, with which forms of type are inked previously to taking an impression from them.
Roller (n.) A long, belt-formed towel, to be suspended on a rolling cylinder; -- called also roller towel.
Roller (n.) Any one of numerous species of Old World picarian birds of the family Coraciadae. The name alludes to their habit of suddenly turning over or "tumbling" in flight.
Roller (n.) One of series of long, heavy waves which roll in upon a coast, sometimes in calm weather.
Roller (n.) One who, or that which, rolls; especially, a cylinder, sometimes grooved, of wood, stone, metal, etc., used in husbandry and the arts.
Rollic (v. i.) To move or play in a careless, swaggering manner, with a frolicsome air; to frolic; to sport; commonly in the form rollicking.
Rolling (a.) Rotating on an axis, or moving along a surface by rotation; turning over and over as if on an axis or a pivot; as, a rolling wheel or ball.
Rolling-pin (n.) A cylindrical piece of wood or other material, with which paste or dough may be rolled out and reduced to a proper thickness.
Rolly-poly (n.) A kind of pudding made of paste spread with fruit, rolled into a cylindrical form, and boiled or steamed.
Roman (a.) Expressed in letters, not in figures, as I., IV., i., iv., etc.; -- said of numerals, as distinguished from the Arabic numerals, 1, 4, etc.
Roman (a.) Of or pertaining to Rome, or the Roman people; like or characteristic of Rome, the Roman people, or things done by Romans; as, Roman fortitude; a Roman aqueduct; Roman art.
Roman (a.) Upright; erect; -- said of the letters or kind of type ordinarily used, as distinguished from Italic characters.
Roman (n.) A native, or permanent resident, of Rome; a citizen of Rome, or one upon whom certain rights and privileges of a Roman citizen were conferred.
Romance (n.) A dreamy, imaginative habit of mind; a disposition to ignore what is real; as, a girl full of romance.
Romance (n.) A short lyric tale set to music; a song or short instrumental piece in ballad style; a romanza.
Romance (n.) An adventure, or series of extraordinary events, resembling those narrated in romances; as, his courtship, or his life, was a romance.
Romance (n.) The languages, or rather the several dialects, which were originally forms of popular or vulgar Latin, and have now developed into Italian. Spanish, French, etc. (called the Romanic languages).
Romanesque (a.) Somewhat resembling the Roman; -- applied sometimes to the debased style of the later Roman empire, but esp. to the more developed architecture prevailing from the 8th century to the 12th.
Romanic (n.) Of or pertaining to any or all of the various languages which, during the Middle Ages, sprung out of the old Roman, or popular form of Latin, as the Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, French, Provencal, etc.
Romanic (n.) Related to the Roman people by descent; -- said especially of races and nations speaking any of the Romanic tongues.
Romantic (a.) Characterized by strangeness or variety; suggestive of adventure; suited to romance; wild; picturesque; -- applied to scenery; as, a romantic landscape.
Romantic (a.) Entertaining ideas and expectations suited to a romance; as, a romantic person; a romantic mind.
Romantic (a.) Of or pertaining to romance; involving or resembling romance; hence, fanciful; marvelous; extravagant; unreal; as, a romantic tale; a romantic notion; a romantic undertaking.
Romantic (a.) Of or pertaining to the style of the Christian and popular literature of the Middle Ages, as opposed to the classical antique; of the nature of, or appropriate to, that style; as, the romantic school of poets.
Romeite (n.) A mineral of a hyacinth or honey-yellow color, occuring in square octahedrons. It is an antimonate of calcium.
Romic (n.) A method of notation for all spoken sounds, proposed by Mr. Sweet; -- so called because it is based on the common Roman-letter alphabet. It is like the palaeotype of Mr. Ellis in the general plan, but simpler.
Romish (a.) Belonging or relating to Rome, or to the Roman Catholic Church; -- frequently used in a disparaging sense; as, the Romish church; the Romish religion, ritual, or ceremonies.
Rompu (a.) Broken, as an ordinary; cut off, or broken at the top, as a chevron, a bend, or the like.
Roncador (n.) Any one of several species of California sciaenoid food fishes, especially Roncador Stearnsi, which is an excellent market fish, and the red roncador (Corvina, / Johnius, saturna).
Ronchil (n.) An American marine food fish (Bathymaster signatus) of the North Pacific coast, allied to the tilefish.
Ronde (n.) A kind of script in which the heavy strokes are nearly upright, giving the characters when taken together a round look.
Rondeau (n.) A species of lyric poetry so composed as to contain a refrain or repetition which recurs according to a fixed law, and a limited number of rhymes recurring also by rule.
Rondel (n.) Specifically, a particular form of rondeau containing fourteen lines in two rhymes, the refrain being a repetition of the first and second lines as the seventh and eighth, and again as the thirteenth and fourteenth.
Rondle (n.) A round mass, plate, or disk; especially (Metal.), the crust or scale which forms upon the surface of molten metal in the crucible.
Rondo (n.) A composition, vocal or instrumental, commonly of a lively, cheerful character, in which the first strain recurs after each of the other strains.
Roof (n.) That which resembles, or corresponds to, the covering or the ceiling of a house; as, the roof of a cavern; the roof of the mouth.
Rookery (n.) A dilapidated building with many rooms and occupants; a cluster of dilapidated or mean buildings.
Room (n.) A particular portion of space appropriated for occupancy; a place to sit, stand, or lie; a seat.
Room (n.) Especially, space in a building or ship inclosed or set apart by a partition; an apartment or chamber.
Room (n.) Place or position in society; office; rank; post; station; also, a place or station once belonging to, or occupied by, another, and vacated.
Room (n.) Possibility of admission; ability to admit; opportunity to act; fit occasion; as, to leave room for hope.
Room (n.) Unobstructed spase; space which may be occupied by or devoted to any object; compass; extent of place, great or small; as, there is not room for a house; the table takes up too much room.
Roommate (n.) One of twe or more occupying the same room or rooms; one who shares the occupancy of a room or rooms; a chum.
Root (n.) A primitive form of speech; one of the earliest terms employed in language; a word from which other words are formed; a radix, or radical.
Root (n.) An edible or esculent root, especially of such plants as produce a single root, as the beet, carrot, etc.; as, the root crop.
Root (n.) That factor of a quantity which when multiplied into itself will produce that quantity; thus, 3 is a root of 9, because 3 multiplied into itself produces 9; 3 is the cube root of 27.
Root (n.) That which resembles a root in position or function, esp. as a source of nourishment or support; that from which anything proceeds as if by growth or development; as, the root of a tooth, a nail, a cancer, and the like.
Root (n.) The fundamental tone of any chord; the tone from whose harmonics, or overtones, a chord is composed.
Root (n.) The underground portion of a plant, whether a true root or a tuber, a bulb or rootstock, as in the potato, the onion, or the sweet flag.
Root (v. i.) Hence, to seek for favor or advancement by low arts or groveling servility; to fawn servilely.
Root (v. t.) To plant and fix deeply in the earth, or as in the earth; to implant firmly; hence, to make deep or radical; to establish; -- used chiefly in the participle; as, rooted trees or forests; rooted dislike.
Rootcap (n.) A mass of parenchymatous cells which covers and protects the growing cells at the end of a root; a pileorhiza.
Rootery (n.) A pile of roots, set with plants, mosses, etc., and used as an ornamental object in gardening.
Rootstock (n.) A perennial underground stem, producing leafly s/ems or flower stems from year to year; a rhizome.
Rope (n.) A large, stout cord, usually one not less than an inch in circumference, made of strands twisted or braided together. It differs from cord, line, and string, only in its size. See Cordage.
Rope (n.) A row or string consisting of a number of things united, as by braiding, twining, etc.; as, a rope of onions.
Rope (v. i.) To be formed into rope; to draw out or extend into a filament or thread, as by means of any glutinous or adhesive quality.
Rope (v. t.) To draw, as with a rope; to entice; to inveigle; to decoy; as, to rope in customers or voters.
Rope (v. t.) To partition, separate, or divide off, by means of a rope, so as to include or exclude something; as, to rope in, or rope off, a plot of ground; to rope out a crowd.
Ropeband (n.) A small piece of spun yarn or marline, used to fasten the head of the sail to the spar.
Ropedancer (n.) One who dances, walks, or performs acrobatic feats, on a rope extended through the air at some height.
Ropy (a.) capable of being drawn into a thread, as a glutinous substance; stringy; viscous; tenacious; glutinous; as ropy sirup; ropy lees.
Rorqual (n.) A very large North Atlantic whalebone whale (Physalus antiquorum, or Balaenoptera physalus). It has a dorsal fin, and strong longitudinal folds on the throat and belly. Called also razorback.
Rosaceous (a.) Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants (Rosaceae) of which the rose is the type. It includes also the plums and cherries, meadowsweet, brambles, the strawberry, the hawthorn, applies, pears, service trees, and quinces.
Rosacic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid (called also lithic acid) found in certain red precipitates of urine. See Uric.
Rosalia (n.) A form of melody in which a phrase or passage is successively repeated, each time a step or half step higher; a melodic sequence.
Rosary (n.) A chapelet; a garland; a series or collection, as of beautiful thoughts or of literary selections.
Rosary (n.) A coin bearing the figure of a rose, fraudulently circulated in Ireland in the 13th century for a penny.
Rosary (n.) A series of prayers (see Note below) arranged to be recited in order, on beads; also, a string of beads by which the prayers are counted.
Roscoelite (n.) A green micaceous mineral occurring in minute scales. It is essentially a silicate of aluminia and potash containing vanadium.
Rose (n.) A flower and shrub of any species of the genus Rosa, of which there are many species, mostly found in the morthern hemispere
Rose (n.) A perforated nozzle, as of a pipe, spout, etc., for delivering water in fine jets; a rosehead; also, a strainer at the foot of a pump.
Rose (n.) The card of the mariner's compass; also, a circular card with radiating lines, used in other instruments.
Rose-colored (a.) Uncommonly beautiful; hence, extravagantly fine or pleasing; alluring; as, rose-colored anticipations.
Rose-cut (a.) Cut flat on the reverse, and with a convex face formed of triangular facets in rows; -- said of diamonds and other precious stones. See Rose diamond, under Rose. Cf. Brilliant, n.
Rose-pink (a.) Having a pink color like that of the rose, or like the pigment called rose pink. See Rose pink, under Rose.
Rose-rial (n.) A name of several English gold coins struck in different reigns and having having different values; a rose noble.
Roseate (a.) resembling a rose in color or fragrance; esp., tinged with rose color; blooming; as, roseate beauty; her roseate lips.
Rosebay (n.) An herb (Epilobium spicatum) with showy purple flowers, common in Europe and North America; -- called also great willow herb.
Rosefinch (n.) Any one of numerous species of Asiatic finches of the genera Carpodacus, and Propasser, and allied genera, in which the male is more or less colored with rose red.
Rosefish (n.) A large marine scorpaenoid food fish (Sebastes marinus) found on the northern coasts of Europe and America. called also red perch, hemdurgan, Norway haddok, and also, erroneously, snapper, bream, and bergylt.
Rosella (n.) A beautiful Australian parrakeet (Platycercus eximius) often kept as a cage bird. The head and back of the neck are scarlet, the throat is white, the back dark green varied with lighter green, and the breast yellow.
Roselle (n.) a malvaceous plant (Hibiscus Sabdariffa) cultivated in the east and West Indies for its fleshy calyxes, which are used for making tarts and jelly and an acid drink.
Roseo- () A prefix (also used adjectively) signifying rose-red; specifically used to designate certain rose-red compounds (called roseo-cobaltic compounds) of cobalt with ammonia. Cf. Luteo-.
Roseroot (n.) A fleshy-leaved herb (Rhodiola rosea); rosewort; -- so called because the roots have the odor of roses.
Rosetta wood () An east Indian wood of a reddish orange color, handsomely veined with darker marks. It is occasionally used for cabinetwork.
Rosette (n.) An imitation of a rose by means of ribbon or other material, -- used as an ornament or a badge.
Rosette (n.) Any structure having a flowerlike form; especially, the group of five broad ambulacra on the upper side of the spatangoid and clypeastroid sea urchins. See Illust. of Spicule, and Sand dollar, under Sand.
Roseworm (n.) The larva of any one of several species of lepidopterous insects which feed upon the leaves, buds, or blossoms of the rose, especially Cacaecia rosaceana, which rolls up the leaves for a nest, and devours both the leaves and buds.
Rosicrucian (n.) One who, in the 17th century and the early part of the 18th, claimed to belong to a secret society of philosophers deeply versed in the secrets of nature, -- the alleged society having existed, it was stated, several hundred years.
Rosin (n.) The hard, amber-colored resin left after distilling off the volatile oil of turpentine; colophony.
Rosinweed (n.) A name given in California to various composite plants which secrete resins or have a resinous smell.
Rosmarine (n.) A fabulous sea animal which was reported to climb by means of its teeth to the tops of rocks to feed upon the dew.
Rossel current () A portion of the southern equatorial current flowing westward from the Fiji Islands to New Guinea.
Rostellum (n.) A small beaklike process or extension of some part; a small rostrum; as, the rostellum of the stigma of violets, or of the operculum of many mosses; the rostellum on the head of a tapeworm.
Roster (n.) A register or roll showing the order in which officers, enlisted men, companies, or regiments are called on to serve.
Rostral (a.) Of or pertaining to the beak or snout of an animal, or the beak of a ship; resembling a rostrum, esp., the rostra at Rome, or their decorations.
Rostrifera (n. pl.) A division of pectinibranchiate gastropods, having the head prolonged into a snout which is not retractile.
Rostrum (n.) Hence, a stage for public speaking; the pulpit or platform occupied by an orator or public speaker.
Rostrum (n.) The anterior, often spinelike, prolongation of the carapace of a crustacean, as in the lobster and the prawn.
Rosy (superl.) Resembling a rose in color, form, or qualities; blooming; red; blushing; also, adorned with roses.
Rot (n.) A disease or decay in fruits, leaves, or wood, supposed to be caused by minute fungi. See Bitter rot, Black rot, etc., below.
Rot (n.) A fatal distemper which attacks sheep and sometimes other animals. It is due to the presence of a parasitic worm in the liver or gall bladder. See 1st Fluke, 2.
Rot (v. t.) To expose, as flax, to a process of maceration, etc., for the purpose of separating the fiber; to ret.
Rot (v. t.) To make putrid; to cause to be wholly or partially decomposed by natural processes; as, to rot vegetable fiber.
Rota (n.) A short-lived political club established in 1659 by J.Harrington to inculcate the democratic doctrine of election of the principal officers of the state by ballot, and the annual retirement of a portion of Parliament.
Rota (n.) A species of zither, played like a guitar, used in the Middle Ages in church music; -- written also rotta.
Rota (n.) An ecclesiastical court of Rome, called also Rota Romana, that takes cognizance of suits by appeal. It consists of twelve members.
Rotalite (n.) Any fossil foraminifer of the genus Rotalia, abundant in the chalk formation. See Illust. under Rhizopod.
Rotary (a.) Turning, as a wheel on its axis; pertaining to, or resembling, the motion of a wheel on its axis; rotatory; as, rotary motion.
Rotate (a.) Having the parts spreading out like a wheel; wheel-shaped; as, a rotate spicule or scale; a rotate corolla, i.e., a monopetalous corolla with a flattish border, and no tube or a very short one.
Rotate (v. i.) To cause to succeed in turn; esp., to cause to succeed some one, or to be succeeded by some one, in office.
Rotate (v. i.) To perform any act, function, or operation in turn, to hold office in turn; as, to rotate in office.
Rotation (a.) Pertaining to, or resulting from, rotation; of the nature of, or characterized by, rotation; as, rotational velocity.
Rotator (n.) that which gives a rotary or rolling motion, as a muscle which partially rotates or turns some part on its axis.
Rotatory (a.) Producing rotation of the plane of polarization; as, the rotatory power of bodies on light. See the Note under polarization.
Rotche (n.) A very small arctic sea bird (Mergulus alle, or Alle alle) common on both coasts of the Atlantic in winter; -- called also little auk, dovekie, rotch, rotchie, and sea dove.
Rote (n.) A frequent repetition of forms of speech without attention to the meaning; mere repetition; as, to learn rules by rote.
Rote (n.) A kind of guitar, the notes of which were produced by a small wheel or wheel-like arrangement; an instrument similar to the hurdy-gurdy.
Rotella (n.) Any one of numerous species of small, polished, brightcolored gastropods of the genus Rotella, native of tropical seas.
Rotten (a.) Not firm or trusty; unsound; defective; treacherous; unsafe; as, a rotten plank, bone, stone.
Rotunda (a.) A round building; especially, one that is round both on the outside and inside, like the Pantheon at Rome. Less properly, but very commonly, used for a large round room; as, the rotunda of the Capitol at Washington.
Roturier (n.) A person who is not of noble birth; specif., a freeman who during the prevalence of feudalism held allodial land.
Rouge (n.) A cosmetic used for giving a red color to the cheeks or lips. The best is prepared from the dried flowers of the safflower, but it is often made from carmine.
Rouge (n.) A red amorphous powder consisting of ferric oxide. It is used in polishing glass, metal, or gems, and as a cosmetic, etc. Called also crocus, jeweler's rouge, etc.
Rough (n.) Hastily or carelessly done; wanting finish; incomplete; as, a rough estimate; a rough draught.
Rough (n.) Having inequalities, small ridges, or points, on the surface; not smooth or plain; as, a rough board; a rough stone; rough cloth.
Rough (n.) Loud and hoarse; offensive to the ear; harsh; grating; -- said of sound, voice, and the like; as, a rough tone; rough numbers.
Rough (n.) Marked by coarseness; shaggy; ragged; disordered; -- said of dress, appearance, or the like; as, a rough coat.
Rough (v. t.) To cut or make in a hasty, rough manner; -- with out; as, to rough out a carving, a sketch.
Rough-grained (a.) Having a rough grain or fiber; hence, figuratively, having coarse traits of character; not polished; brisque.
Roughcast (n.) A kind of plastering made of lime, with a mixture of shells or pebbles, used for covering buildings.
Roughcast (v. t.) To plaster with a mixture of lime and shells or pebbles; as, to roughcast a building.
Roughhew (v. t.) To give the first form or shape to; to form rudely; to shape approximately and rudely; to roughcast.
Roughleg (n.) Any one of several species of large hawks of the genus Archibuteo, having the legs feathered to the toes. Called also rough-legged hawk, and rough-legged buzzard.
Roughrider (n.) One who breaks horses; especially (Mil.), a noncommissioned officer in the British cavalry, whose duty is to assist the riding master.
Roughscuff (n.) A rough, coarse fellow; collectively, the lowest class of the people; the rabble; the riffraff.
Roughstrings (n. pl.) Pieces of undressed timber put under the steps of a wooden stair for their support.
Roughtail (n.) Any species of small ground snakes of the family Uropeltidae; -- so called from their rough tails.
Roulade (n.) A smoothly running passage of short notes (as semiquavers, or sixteenths) uniformly grouped, sung upon one long syllable, as in Handel's oratorios.
Roulette (n.) A game of chance, in which a small ball is made to move round rapidly on a circle divided off into numbered red and black spaces, the one on which it stops indicating the result of a variety of wagers permitted by the game.
Roulette (n.) A similar wheel used to roughen the surface of a plate, as in making alterations in a mezzotint.
Roulette (n.) A small toothed wheel used by engravers to roll over a plate in order to order to produce rows of dots.
Roulette (n.) the curve traced by any point in the plane of a given curve when the latter rolls, without sliding, over another fixed curve. See Cycloid, and Epycycloid.
Rounce (n.) The handle by which the bed of a hand press, holding the form of type, etc., is run in under the platen and out again; -- sometimes applied to the whole apparatus by which the form is moved under the platen.
Rounceval (a.) Large; strong; -- from the gigantic bones shown at Roncesvalles, and alleged to be those of old heroes.
Round (a.) Full and smoothly expanded; not defective or abrupt; finished; polished; -- said of style, or of authors with reference to their style.
Round (a.) Full; complete; not broken; not fractional; approximately in even units, tens, hundreds, thousands, etc.; -- said of numbers.
Round (a.) Having a curved outline or form; especially, one like the arc of a circle or an ellipse, or a portion of the surface of a sphere; rotund; bulging; protuberant; not angular or pointed; as, a round arch; round hills.
Round (a.) Having every portion of the surface or of the circumference equally distant from the center; spherical; circular; having a form approaching a spherical or a circular shape; orbicular; globular; as, a round ball.
Round (a.) Modified, as a vowel, by contraction of the lip opening, making the opening more or less round in shape; rounded; labialized; labial. See Guide to Pronunciation, / 11.
Round (a.) Outspoken; plain and direct; unreserved; unqualified; not mincing; as, a round answer; a round oath.
Round (adv.) By or in a circuit; by a course longer than the direct course; back to the starting point.
Round (adv.) Circularly; in a circular form or manner; by revolving or reversing one's position; as, to turn one's head round; a wheel turns round.
Round (adv.) From one side or party to another; as to come or turn round, -- that is, to change sides or opinions.
Round (n.) A brewer's vessel in which the fermentation is concluded, the yeast escaping through the bunghole.
Round (n.) A course ending where it began; a circuit; a beat; especially, one freguently or regulary traversed; also, the act of traversing a circuit; as, a watchman's round; the rounds of the postman.
Round (n.) A course of action or conduct performed by a number of persons in turn, or one after another, as if seated in a circle.
Round (n.) A series of changes or events ending where it began; a series of like events recurring in continuance; a cycle; a periodical revolution; as, the round of the seasons; a round of pleasures.
Round (n.) A short vocal piece, resembling a catch in which three or four voices follow each other round in a species of canon in the unison.
Round (n.) Ammunition for discharging a piece or pieces once; as, twenty rounds of ammunition were given out.
Round (n.) The step of a ladder; a rundle or rung; also, a crosspiece which joins and braces the legs of a chair.
Round (n.) The time during which prize fighters or boxers are in actual contest without an intermission, as prescribed by their rules; a bout.
Round (prep.) On every side of, so as to encompass or encircle; around; about; as, the people atood round him; to go round the city; to wind a cable round a windlass.
Round (v. t.) To bring to fullness or completeness; to complete; hence, to bring to a fit conclusion.
Round (v. t.) To go round wholly or in part; to go about (a corner or point); as, to round a corner; to round Cape Horn.
Round (v. t.) To make circular, spherical, or cylindrical; to give a round or convex figure to; as, to round a silver coin; to round the edges of anything.
Round-arm (a.) Applied to the method delivering the ball in bowling, by swinging the arm horizontally.
Round-up (n.) The act of collecting or gathering together scattered cattle by riding around them and driving them in.
Roundabout (n.) A horizontal wheel or frame, commonly with wooden horses, etc., on which children ride; a merry-go-round.
Rounded (a.) Modified by contraction of the lip opening; labialized; labial. See Guide to Pronunciation, / 11.
Roundel (a.) A small circular shield, sometimes not more than a foot in diameter, used by soldiers in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries.
Roundelay (n.) A tune in which a simple strain is often repeated; a simple rural strain which is short and lively.
Rounder (n.) An English game somewhat resembling baseball; also, another English game resembling the game of fives, but played with a football.
Roundfish (n.) A lake whitefish (Coregonus quadrilateralis), less compressed than the common species. It is very abundant in British America and Alaska.
Roundfish (n.) Any ordinary market fish, exclusive of flounders, sole, halibut, and other flatfishes.
Roundhead (n.) A nickname for a Puritan. See Roundheads, the, in the Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction.
Roundhouse (n.) A cabin or apartament on the after part of the quarter-deck, having the poop for its roof; -- sometimes called the coach.
Rounding (n.) Modifying a speech sound by contraction of the lip opening; labializing; labialization. See Guide to Pronunciation, / 11.
Rounding (n.) Small rope, or strands of rope, or spun yarn, wound round a rope to keep it from chafing; -- called also service.
Roundly (adv.) Without regard to detail; in gross; comprehensively; generally; as, to give numbers roundly.
Roundness (n.) Fullness; smoothness of flow; as, the roundness of a period; the roundness of a note; roundness of tone.
Roundness (n.) The quality or state of being round in shape; as, the roundness of the globe, of the orb of the sun, of a ball, of a bowl, a column, etc.
Roundsman (n.) A patrolman; also, a policeman who acts as an inspector over the rounds of the patrolmen.
Rousant (a.) Rising; -- applied to a bird in the attitude of rising; also, sometmes, to a bird in profile with wings addorsed.
Rouse (v. i. & t.) To pull or haul strongly and all together, as upon a rope, without the assistance of mechanical appliances.
Rouse (v.) To cause to start from a covert or lurking place; as, to rouse a deer or other animal of the chase.
Rouse (v.) To excite to lively thought or action from a state of idleness, languor, stupidity, or indifference; as, to rouse the faculties, passions, or emotions.
Roussette (n.) A fruit bat, especially the large species (Pieropus vulgaris) inhabiting the islands of the Indian ocean. It measures about a yard across the expanded wings.
Roustabout (n.) A laborer, especially a deck hand, on a river steamboat, who moves the cargo, loads and unloads wood, and the like; in an opprobrious sense, a shiftless vagrant who lives by chance jobs.
Rout (n.) A disturbance of the peace by persons assembled together with intent to do a thing which, if executed, would make them rioters, and actually making a motion toward the executing thereof.
Route (n.) The course or way which is traveled or passed, or is to be passed; a passing; a course; a road or path; a march.
Router (n.) A plane with a hooked tool protruding far below the sole, for smoothing the bottom of a cavity.
Routine (n.) A round of business, amusement, or pleasure, daily or frequently pursued; especially, a course of business or offical duties regularly or frequently returning.
Routine (n.) Any regular course of action or procedure rigidly adhered to by the mere force of habit.
Rove (n.) A roll or sliver of wool or cotton drawn out and slighty twisted, preparatory to further process; a roving.
Rove (v. i.) Hence, to wander; to ramble; to rauge; to go, move, or pass without certain direction in any manner, by sailing, walking, riding, flying, or otherwise.
Rove (v. i.) To shoot at rovers; hence, to shoot at an angle of elevation, not at point-blank (rovers usually being beyond the point-blank range).
Rove (v. t.) To twist slightly; to bring together, as slivers of wool or cotton, and twist slightly before spinning.
Rover (v. i.) A ball which has passed through all the hoops and would go out if it hit the stake but is continued in play; also, the player of such a ball.
Roving (n.) A roll or sliver of wool or cotton drawn out and slightly twisted; a rove. See 2d Rove, 2.
Roving (n.) The operatin of forming the rove, or slightly twisted sliver or roll of wool or cotton, by means of a machine for the purpose, called a roving frame, or roving machine.
Row (n.) A series of persons or things arranged in a continued line; a line; a rank; a file; as, a row of trees; a row of houses or columns.
Row (v. t.) To propel with oars, as a boat or vessel, along the surface of water; as, to row a boat.
Rowel (n.) A roll of hair, silk, etc., passed through the flesh of horses, answering to a seton in human surgery.
Rowport (n.) An opening in the side of small vessels of war, near the surface of the water, to facilitate rowing in calm weather.
Roxburgh (n.) A style of bookbinding in which the back is plain leather, the sides paper or cloth, the top gilt-edged, but the front and bottom left uncut.
Royal (a.) Kingly; pertaining to the crown or the sovereign; suitable for a king or queen; regal; as, royal power or prerogative; royal domains; the royal family; royal state.
Royal (a.) Under the patronage of royality; holding a charter granted by the sovereign; as, the Royal Academy of Arts; the Royal Society.
Royal (n.) One of the soldiers of the first regiment of foot of the British army, formerly called the Royals, and supposed to be the oldest regular corps in Europe; -- now called the Royal Scots.
Royal (n.) One of the upper or distal branches of an antler, as the third and fourth tynes of the antlers of a stag.
Royalist (n.) An adherent of a king (as of Charles I. in England, or of the Bourbons in france); one attached to monarchical government.
Royalty (n.) A share of the product or profit (as of a mine, forest, etc.), reserved by the owner for permitting another to use the property.
Royalty (n.) Hence (Com.), a duty paid by a manufacturer to the owner of a patent or a copyright at a certain rate for each article manufactured; or, a percentage paid to the owner of an article by one who hires the use of it.
Royalty (n.) That which is due to a sovereign, as a seigniorage on gold and silver coined at the mint, metals taken from mines, etc.; the tax exacted in lieu of such share; imperiality.
Royalty (n.) The state of being royal; the condition or quality of a royal person; kingship; kingly office; sovereignty.
Rub (n.) A stone, commonly flat, used to sharpen cutting tools; a whetstone; -- called also rubstone.
Rub (n.) That which rubs; that which tends to hinder or obstruct motion or progress; hindrance; obstruction, an impediment; especially, a difficulty or obstruction hard to overcome; a pinch.
Rub (v. i.) To move along the surface of a body with pressure; to grate; as, a wheel rubs against the gatepost.
Rub (v. i.) To move or pass with difficulty; as, to rub through woods, as huntsmen; to rub through the world.
Rub (v. t.) To cause (a body) to move with pressure and friction along a surface; as, to rub the hand over the body.
Rub (v. t.) To move over the surface of (a body) with pressure and friction; to graze; to chafe; as, the boat rubs the ground.
Rub (v. t.) To scour; to burnish; to polish; to brighten; to cleanse; -- often with up or over; as, to rub up silver.
Rub (v. t.) To subject (a body) to the action of something moving over its surface with pressure and friction, especially to the action of something moving back and forth; as, to rub the flesh with the hand; to rub wood with sandpaper.
Ruba-dub (n.) The sound of a drum when continuously beaten; hence, a clamorous, repeated sound; a clatter.
Rubber (n.) In some games, as whist, the odd game, as the third or the fifth, when there is a tie between the players; as, to play the rubber; also, a contest determined by the winning of two out of three games; as, to play a rubber of whist.
Rubber (n.) Something that chafes or annoys; hence, something that grates on the feelings; a sarcasm; a rub.
Rubbish (n.) Waste or rejected matter; anything worthless; valueless stuff; trash; especially, fragments of building materials or fallen buildings; ruins; debris.
Rubble (n.) A mass or stratum of fragments or rock lying under the alluvium, and derived from the neighboring rock.
Rubble (n.) Rough stone as it comes from the quarry; also, a quarryman's term for the upper fragmentary and decomposed portion of a mass of stone; brash.
Rubble (n.) Water-worn or rough broken stones; broken bricks, etc., used in coarse masonry, or to fill up between the facing courses of walls.
Rubella (n.) An acute specific disease with a dusky red cutaneous eruption resembling that of measles, but unattended by catarrhal symptoms; -- called also German measles.
Rubellite (n.) A variety of tourmaline varying in color from a pale rose to a deep ruby, and containing lithium.
Ruberythrinic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid extracted from madder root. It is a yellow crystalline substance from which alizarin is obtained.
Rubianic (a.) pertaining to, or derived from, rubian; specifically, designating an acid called also ruberythrinic acid.
Rubican (a.) Colored a prevailing red, bay, or black, with flecks of white or gray especially on the flanks; -- said of horses.
Rubicon (n.) A small river which separated Italy from Cisalpine Gaul, the province alloted to Julius Caesar.
Rubidine (n.) A nitrogenous base homologous with pyridine, obtained from coal tar as an oily liquid, C11H17N; also, any one of the group od metameric compounds of which rubidine is the type.
Rubidium (n.) A rare metallic element. It occurs quite widely, but in small quantities, and always combined. It is isolated as a soft yellowish white metal, analogous to potassium in most of its properties. Symbol Rb. Atomic weight, 85.2.
Rubiretin (n.) One of the red dye products extracted from madder root, and probably identical with ruberythrinic acid.
Ruble (n.) The unit of monetary value in Russia. It is divided into 100 copecks, and in the gold coin of the realm (as in the five and ten ruble pieces) is worth about 77 cents. The silver ruble is a coin worth about 60 cents.
Rubric (n.) A titlepage, or part of it, especially that giving the date and place of printing; also, the initial letters, etc., when printed in red.
Rubric (n.) Hence, that which is established or settled, as by authority; a thing definitely settled or fixed.
Rubric (n.) That part of any work in the early manuscripts and typography which was colored red, to distinguish it from other portions.
Rubric (n.) The directions and rules for the conduct of service, formerly written or printed in red; hence, also, an ecclesiastical or episcopal injunction; -- usually in the plural.
Rubricate (v. t.) To mark or distinguished with red; to arrange as in a rubric; to establish in a settled and unchangeable form.
Ruby (n.) A precious stone of a carmine red color, sometimes verging to violet, or intermediate between carmine and hyacinth red. It is a red crystallized variety of corundum.
Ruby (n.) Any species of South American humming birds of the genus Clytolaema. The males have a ruby-colored throat or breast.
Rubytail (n.) A European gold wasp (Chrysis ignita) which has the under side of the abdomen bright red, and the other parts deep bluish green with a metallic luster. The larva is parasitic in the nests of other wasps and of bees.
Rucervine (a.) Of, like, or pertaining to, a deer of the genus Rucervus, which includes the swamp deer of India.
Ruche (n.) A plaited, quilled, or goffered strip of lace, net, ribbon, or other material, -- used in place of collars or cuffs, and as a trimming for women's dresses and bonnets.
Rudder (n.) Fig.: That which resembles a rudder as a guide or governor; that which guides or governs the course.
Rudderpost (n.) The shank of a rudder, having the blade at one end and the attachments for operating it at the other.
Rudderstock (n.) The main part or blade of the rudder, which is connected by hinges, or the like, with the sternpost of a vessel.
Ruddock (n.) A piece of gold money; -- probably because the gold of coins was often reddened by copper alloy. Called also red ruddock, and golden ruddock.
Ruddy (n.) Of a lively flesh color, or the color of the human skin in high health; as, ruddy cheeks or lips.
Rude (superl.) Barbarous; fierce; bloody; impetuous; -- said of war, conflict, and the like; as, the rude shock of armies.
Rude (superl.) Not finished or complete; inelegant; lacking chasteness or elegance; not in good taste; unsatisfactory in mode of treatment; -- said of literature, language, style, and the like.
Rude (superl.) Of untaught manners; unpolished; of low rank; uncivil; clownish; ignorant; raw; unskillful; -- said of persons, or of conduct, skill, and the like.
Rude (superl.) Unformed by taste or skill; not nicely finished; not smoothed or polished; -- said especially of material things; as, rude workmanship.
Rude (superl.) Violent; tumultuous; boisterous; inclement; harsh; severe; -- said of the weather, of storms, and the like; as, the rude winter.
Rudiment (n.) Hence, an element or first principle of any art or science; a beginning of any knowledge; a first step.
Rudiment (n.) That which is unformed or undeveloped; the principle which lies at the bottom of any development; an unfinished beginning.
Rudimentary (a.) Of or pertaining to rudiments; consisting in first principles; elementary; initial; as, rudimental essays.
Rudistes (n. pl.) An extinct order or suborder of bivalve mollusks characteristic of the Cretaceous period; -- called also Rudista. See Illust. under Hippurite.
Rudmasday (n.) Either of the feasts of the Holy Cross, occuring on May 3 and September 14, annually.
Rudolphine (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, a set of astronomical tables computed by Kepler, and founded on the observations of Tycho Brahe; -- so named from Rudolph II., emperor of Germany.
Rue (n.) A perennial suffrutescent plant (Ruta graveolens), having a strong, heavy odor and a bitter taste; herb of grace. It is used in medicine.
Ruff (n.) A muslin or linen collar plaited, crimped, or fluted, worn formerly by both sexes, now only by women and children.
Ruffe (n.) A small freshwater European perch (Acerina vulgaris); -- called also pope, blacktail, and stone, / striped, perch.
Ruffian (n.) A boisterous, cruel, brutal fellow; a desperate fellow ready for murderous or cruel deeds; a cutthroat.
Ruffle (v. t. & i.) A state of being ruffled or disturbed; disturbance; agitation; commotion; as, to put the mind in a ruffle.
Ruffle (v. t. & i.) That which is ruffled; specifically, a strip of lace, cambric, or other fine cloth, plaited or gathered on one edge or in the middle, and used as a trimming; a frill.
Ruffle (v. t. & i.) The connected series of large egg capsules, or oothecae, of any one of several species of American marine gastropods of the genus Fulgur. See Ootheca.
Rufigallic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid which is obtained from gallic acid as a brown or red crystalline substance, and is related to rufiopin and anthracene.
Rufiopin (n.) A yellowish red crystalline substance related to anthracene, and obtained from opianic acid.
Rufol (n.) A phenol derivative of anthracene obtained as a white crystalline substance, which on oxidation produces a red dyestuff related to anthraquinone.
Rugged (n.) Full of asperities on the surface; broken into sharp or irregular points, or otherwise uneven; not smooth; rough; as, a rugged mountain; a rugged road.
Rugged (n.) Harsh; hard; crabbed; austere; -- said of temper, character, and the like, or of persons.
Rugosa (n. pl.) An extinct tribe of fossil corals, including numerous species, many of them of large size. They are characteristic of the Paleozoic formations. The radiating septs, when present, are usually in multiples of four. See Cyathophylloid.
Rugose (a.) Wrinkled; full of wrinkles; specifically (Bot.), having the veinlets sunken and the spaces between them elevated, as the leaves of the sage and horehound.
Ruin (n.) Such a change of anything as destroys it, or entirely defeats its object, or unfits it for use; destruction; overthrow; as, the ruin of a ship or an army; the ruin of a constitution or a government; the ruin of health or hopes.
Ruin (n.) That which is fallen down and become worthless from injury or decay; as, his mind is a ruin; especially, in the plural, the remains of a destroyed, dilapidated, or desolate house, fortress, city, or the like.
Ruin (n.) The state of being dcayed, or of having become ruined or worthless; as, to be in ruins; to go to ruin.
Ruin (n.) To bring to ruin; to cause to fall to pieces and decay; to make to perish; to bring to destruction; to bring to poverty or bankruptcy; to impair seriously; to damage essentially; to overthrow.
Ruiniform (a.) Having the appearance of ruins, or of the ruins of houses; -- said of certain minerals.
Ruinous (a.) Causing, or tending to cause, ruin; destructive; baneful; pernicious; as, a ruinous project.
Ruinous (a.) Characterized by ruin; ruined; dilapidated; as, an edifice, bridge, or wall in a ruinous state.
Rule (a.) A determinate method prescribed for performing any operation and producing a certain result; as, a rule for extracting the cube root.
Rule (a.) A measuring instrument consisting of a graduated bar of wood, ivory, metal, or the like, which is usually marked so as to show inches and fractions of an inch, and jointed so that it may be folded compactly.
Rule (a.) A straight strip of wood, metal, or the like, which serves as a guide in drawing a straight line; a ruler.
Rule (a.) A thin plate of metal (usually brass) of the same height as the type, and used for printing lines, as between columns on the same page, or in tabular work.
Rule (a.) An order regulating the practice of the courts, or an order made between parties to an action or a suit.
Rule (a.) Ordibary course of procedure; usual way; comon state or condition of things; as, it is a rule to which there are many exeptions.
Rule (n.) To control or direct by influence, counsel, or persuasion; to guide; -- used chiefly in the passive.
Rule (n.) To control the will and actions of; to exercise authority or dominion over; to govern; to manage.
Rule (n.) To establish or settle by, or as by, a rule; to fix by universal or general consent, or by common practice.
Rule (n.) To mark with lines made with a pen, pencil, etc., guided by a rule or ruler; to print or mark with lines by means of a rule or other contrivance effecting a similar result; as, to rule a sheet of paper of a blank book.
Rule (v. i.) To keep within a (certain) range for a time; to be in general, or as a rule; as, prices ruled lower yesterday than the day before.
Rule (v. i.) To lay down and settle a rule or order of court; to decide an incidental point; to enter a rule.
Ruler (n.) A straight or curved strip of wood, metal, etc., with a smooth edge, used for guiding a pen or pencil in drawing lines. Cf. Rule, n., 7 (a).
Ruling (n.) A decision or rule of a judge or a court, especially an oral decision, as in excluding evidence.
Rullichies (n. pl.) Chopped meat stuffed into small bags of tripe. They are cut in slices and fried.
Rumble (n.) A low, heavy, continuous sound like that made by heavy wagons or the reverberation of thunder; a confused noise; as, the rumble of a railroad train.
Rumble (n.) A rotating cask or box in which small articles are smoothed or polished by friction against each other.
Rumicin (n.) A yellow crystalline substance found in the root of yellow dock (Rumex crispus) and identical with chrysophanic acid.
Ruminant (a.) Chewing the cud; characterized by chewing again what has been swallowed; of or pertaining to the Ruminantia.
Ruminantia (n. pl.) A division of Artiodactyla having four stomachs. This division includes the camels, deer, antelopes, goats, sheep, neat cattle, and allies.
Ruminated (a.) Having a hard albumen penetrated by irregular channels filled with softer matter, as the nutmeg and the seeds of the North American papaw.
Rumination (n.) The regurgitation of food from the stomach after it has been swallowed, -- occasionally observed as a morbid phenomenon in man.
Rumination (n.) The state of being disposed to ruminate or ponder; deliberate meditation or reflection.
Rummage (n.) A place or room for the stowage of cargo in a ship; also, the act of stowing cargo; the pulling and moving about of packages incident to close stowage; -- formerly written romage.
Rummage (v. t.) To make room in, as a ship, for the cargo; to move about, as packages, ballast, so as to permit close stowage; to stow closely; to pack; -- formerly written roomage, and romage.
Rummage (v. t.) To search or examine thoroughly by looking into every corner, and turning over or removing goods or other things; to examine, as a book, carefully, turning over leaf after leaf.
Rummager (n.) A person on shipboard whose business was to take charge of stowing the cargo; -- formerly written roomager, and romager.
Rumor (n.) A current story passing from one person to another, without any known authority for its truth; -- in this sense often personified.
Rump (n.) Among butchers, the piece of beef between the sirloin and the aitchbone piece. See Illust. of Beef.
Rumple (v. t. & i.) To make uneven; to form into irregular inequalities; to wrinkle; to crumple; as, to rumple an apron or a cravat.
Rumseller (n.) One who sells rum; one who deals in intoxicating liquors; especially, one who sells spirituous beverages at retail.
Run (a.) Specifically, of a horse: To move rapidly in a gait in which each leg acts in turn as a propeller and a supporter, and in which for an instant all the limbs are gathered in the air under the body.
Run (a.) To be played on the stage a number of successive days or nights; as, the piece ran for six months.
Run (a.) To contend in a race; hence, to enter into a contest; to become a candidate; as, to run for Congress.
Run (a.) To continue in operation; to be kept in action or motion; as, this engine runs night and day; the mill runs six days in the week.
Run (a.) To extend; to reach; as, the road runs from Philadelphia to New York; the memory of man runneth not to the contrary.
Run (a.) To flow, as a liquid; to ascend or descend; to course; as, rivers run to the sea; sap runs up in the spring; her blood ran cold.
Run (a.) To go back and forth from place to place; to ply; as, the stage runs between the hotel and the station.
Run (a.) To have a legal course; to be attached; to continue in force, effect, or operation; to follow; to go in company; as, certain covenants run with the land.
Run (a.) To move rapidly by springing steps so that there is an instant in each step when neither foot touches the ground; -- so distinguished from walking in athletic competition.
Run (a.) To pass from one state or condition to another; to come into a certain condition; -- often with in or into; as, to run into evil practices; to run in debt.
Run (a.) To sail before the wind, in distinction from reaching or sailing closehauled; -- said of vessels.
Run (a.) To travel; to make progress; to be moved by mechanical means; to go; as, the steamboat runs regularly to Albany; the train runs to Chicago.
Run (n.) A continuing urgent demand; especially, a pressure on a bank or treasury for payment of its notes.
Run (n.) A course; a series; that which continues in a certain course or series; as, a run of good or bad luck.
Run (n.) Continued repetition on the stage; -- said of a play; as, to have a run of a hundred successive nights.
Run (n.) That which runs or flows in the course of a certain operation, or during a certain time; as, a run of must in wine making; the first run of sap in a maple orchard.
Run (n.) The act of migrating, or ascending a river to spawn; -- said of fish; also, an assemblage or school of fishes which migrate, or ascend a river for the purpose of spawning.
Run (n.) The aftermost part of a vessel's hull where it narrows toward the stern, under the quarter.
Run (n.) The greatest degree of swiftness in marching. It is executed upon the same principles as the double-quick, but with greater speed.
Run (n.) The horizontal distance to which a drift may be carried, either by license of the proprietor of a mine or by the nature of the formation; also, the direction which a vein of ore or other substance takes.
Run (v. i.) To cause to enter; to thrust; as, to run a sword into or through the body; to run a nail into the foot.
Run (v. i.) To cause to pass, or evade, offical restrictions; to smuggle; -- said of contraband or dutiable goods.
Run (v. i.) To cause to stand as a candidate for office; to support for office; as, to run some one for Congress.
Run (v. i.) To discharge; to emit; to give forth copiously; to be bathed with; as, the pipe or faucet runs hot water.
Run (v. i.) To encounter or incur, as a danger or risk; as, to run the risk of losing one's life. See To run the chances, below.
Run (v. i.) To migrate or move in schools; -- said of fish; esp., to ascend a river in order to spawn.
Run (v. i.) To sew, as a seam, by passing the needle through material in a continuous line, generally taking a series of stitches on the needle at the same time.
Run (v. t.) To cause to run (in the various senses of Run, v. i.); as, to run a horse; to run a stage; to run a machine; to run a rope through a block.
Runaway (a.) Running away; fleeing from danger, duty, restraint, etc.; as, runaway soldiers; a runaway horse.
Rundlet (n.) A small barrel of no certain dimensions. It may contain from 3 to 20 gallons, but it usually holds about 14/ gallons.
Rune (n.) A letter, or character, belonging to the written language of the ancient Norsemen, or Scandinavians; in a wider sense, applied to the letters of the ancient nations of Northern Europe in general.
Rung (n.) One of the radial handles projecting from the rim of a steering wheel; also, one of the pins or trundles of a lantern wheel.
Runic (a.) Of or pertaining to a rune, to runes, or to the Norsemen; as, runic verses; runic letters; runic names; runic rhyme.
Runner (n.) A food fish (Elagatis pinnulatus) of Florida and the West Indies; -- called also skipjack, shoemaker, and yellowtail. The name alludes to its rapid successive leaps from the water.
Runner (n.) A horizontal channel in a mold, through which the metal flows to the cavity formed by the pattern; also, the waste metal left in such a channel.
Runner (n.) A slender trailing branch which takes root at the joints or end and there forms new plants, as in the strawberry and the common cinquefoil.
Runner (n.) A trough or channel for leading molten metal from a furnace to a ladle, mold, or pig bed.
Runner (n.) One of the pieces on which a sled or sleigh slides; also the part or blade of a skate which slides on the ice.
Running (a.) Continuous; keeping along step by step; as, he stated the facts with a running explanation.
Running (a.) Successive; one following the other without break or intervention; -- said of periods of time; as, to be away two days running; to sow land two years running.
Running (n.) That which runs or flows; the quantity of a liquid which flows in a certain time or during a certain operation; as, the first running of a still.
Runt (a.) Any animal which is unusually small, as compared with others of its kind; -- applied particularly to domestic animals.
Runway (n.) The beaten path made by deer or other animals in passing to and from their feeding grounds.
Rupia (n.) An eruption upon the skin, consisting of vesicles with inflamed base and filled with serous, purulent, or bloody fluid, which dries up, forming a blackish crust.
Rupture (n.) A bursting open, as of a steam boiler, in a less sudden manner than by explosion. See Explosion.
Rupture (n.) Breach of peace or concord between individuals; open hostility or war between nations; interruption of friendly relations; as, the parties came to a rupture.
Rupture (n.) The act of breaking apart, or separating; the state of being broken asunder; as, the rupture of the skin; the rupture of a vessel or fiber; the rupture of a lutestring.
Rural (a.) Of or pertaining to the country, as distinguished from a city or town; living in the country; suitable for, or resembling, the country; rustic; as, rural scenes; a rural prospect.
Rurales (n. pl.) The gossamer-winged butterflies; a family of small butterflies, including the hairstreaks, violets, and theclas.
Ruridecanal (a.) Of or pertaining to a rural dean; as, a ruridecanal district; the ruridecanal intellect.
Rush (n.) A moving forward with rapidity and force or eagerness; a violent motion or course; as, a rush of troops; a rush of winds; a rush of water.
Rush (n.) A name given to many aquatic or marsh-growing endogenous plants with soft, slender stems, as the species of Juncus and Scirpus.
Rush (n.) A rusher; as, the center rush, whose place is in the center of the rush line; the end rush.
Rush (v. i.) To enter into something with undue haste and eagerness, or without due deliberation and preparation; as, to rush business or speculation.
Rush (v. i.) To move forward with impetuosity, violence, and tumultuous rapidity or haste; as, armies rush to battle; waters rush down a precipice.
Rush-bearing (n.) A kind of rural festival at the dedication of a church, when the parishioners brought rushes to strew the church.
Rusine (a.) Of, like, or pertaining to, a deer of the genus Rusa, which includes the sambur deer (Rusa Aristotelis) of India.
Rusk (n.) A kind of light, soft bread made with yeast and eggs, often toasted or crisped in an oven; or, a kind of sweetened biscuit.
Rusk (n.) Bread or cake which has been made brown and crisp, and afterwards grated, or pulverized in a mortar.
Russet (a.) Of a reddish brown color, or (by some called) a red gray; of the color composed of blue, red, and yellow in equal strength, but unequal proportions, namely, two parts of red to one each of blue and yellow; also, of a yellowish brown color.
Rust (n.) The reddish yellow coating formed on iron when exposed to moist air, consisting of ferric oxide or hydroxide; hence, by extension, any metallic film of corrosion.
Rust (v. i.) To be affected with the parasitic fungus called rust; also, to acquire a rusty appearance, as plants.
Rustic (n.) A rural person having a natural simplicity of character or manners; an artless, unaffected person.
Rusticate (v. t.) To require or compel to reside in the country; to banish or send away temporarily; to impose rustication on.
Rustication (n.) The act of rusticating, or the state of being rusticated; specifically, the punishment of a student for some offense, by compelling him to leave the institution for a time.
Rusticity (n.) The quality or state of being rustic; rustic manners; rudeness; simplicity; artlessness.
Rustle (n.) A quick succession or confusion of small sounds, like those made by shaking leaves or straw, by rubbing silk, or the like; a rustling.
Rustle (v. i.) To make a quick succession of small sounds, like the rubbing or moving of silk cloth or dry leaves.
Rustler (n.) A bovine animal that can care for itself in any circumstances; also, an alert, energetic, driving person.
Rusty (superl.) Resembling, or covered with a substance resembling, rust; affected with rust; rubiginous.
Rut (n.) A track worn by a wheel or by habitual passage of anything; a groove in which anything runs. Also used figuratively.
Rut (n.) Sexual desire or oestrus of deer, cattle, and various other mammals; heat; also, the period during which the oestrus exists.
Rut (v. i.) To have a strong sexual impulse at the reproductive period; -- said of deer, cattle, etc.
Rut (v. t.) To make a rut or ruts in; -- chiefly used as a past participle or a participial adj.; as, a rutted road.
Ruta-baga (n.) A kind of turnip commonly with a large and long or ovoid yellowish root; a Swedish turnip. See Turnip.
Rutaceous (a.) Of or pertaining to plants of a natural order (Rutaceae) of which the rue is the type, and which includes also the orange, lemon, dittany, and buchu.
Ruthenic (a.) Pertaining to, or containing, ruthenium; specifically, designating those compounds in which it has a higher valence as contrasted with ruthenious compounds.
Ruthenious (a.) Pertaining to, or containing, ruthenium; specifically, designating those compounds in which it has a lower valence as contrasted with ruthenic compounds.
Rutic (a.) Pertaining to, or obtained from, rue (Ruta); as, rutic acid, now commonly called capric acid.
Rutile (n.) A mineral usually of a reddish brown color, and brilliant metallic adamantine luster, occurring in tetragonal crystals. In composition it is titanium dioxide, like octahedrite and brookite.
Rutilian (n.) Any species of lamellicorn beetles belonging to Rutila and allied genera, as the spotted grapevine beetle (Pelidnota punctata).
Rutin (n.) A glucoside resembling, but distinct from, quercitrin. Rutin is found in the leaves of the rue (Ruta graveolens) and other plants, and obtained as a bitter yellow crystalline substance which yields quercitin on decomposition.
Rye (n.) A grain yielded by a hardy cereal grass (Secale cereale), closely allied to wheat; also, the plant itself. Rye constitutes a large portion of the breadstuff used by man.
Rynd (n.) A piece of iron crossing the hole in the upper millstone by which the stone is supported on the spindle.
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